Fundamentals of IT

Running head: FUNDAMENTALS OF IT
FUNDAMENTALS OF IT
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1FUNDAMENTALS OF IT
Table of Contents
Answer to question 1..................................................................................................................3
Answer to question 2..................................................................................................................3
Answer to question 3..................................................................................................................3
Answer to question 4..................................................................................................................4
Answer to question 5..................................................................................................................4
Answer to question 6..................................................................................................................5
Answer to question 7..................................................................................................................5
References..................................................................................................................................6

2FUNDAMENTALS OF IT
Answer to question 1
The question has already provided some of the data needed to solve the question.
The IP overhead for IPv6 header is 20 bytes and for the IPv4 header is 20 bytes by default.
The payload size as given in the question is 128 bytes.
The TCP overhead cost of IPv6 is 40 bytes by default.
The TCP overhead cost of IPv4 is 20 bytes by default.
The file size is given as 1024 bytes.
The formula for calculating total overhead cost is TCP+ IP+ payload = 20 +20 + 128 = 168
bytes.
The total file size after it is transmitted along with the overhead is 1024 + 20 + 20 = 1064
bytes.
a. IPv4 Protocol overhead includes TCP + IP + Payload = 168/1024*100 = 16.4%
IPv4 TCP/IP overhead = 20 + 20/ 1024 *100= 40/1024*100 = 3.9%
b. IPv6 protocol overhead = 40+20/1024 *100 = 5.8%
Answer to question 2
TCP is a connection driven protocol which depends on IP which is a connection less
protocol. The TCP is a transport layer protocol while the IP is a network layer protocol. The
IP protocols main function is to transport packets from one device to another. The TCP is
mainly used to transport data packets from one port to another. These two protocols work
together in the same stack as they are not affected by each other in any way. The TCP has a
memory like function which helps the protocol remember all the data packets it transferred.
This helps it keep track of its packets and retransfer any dropped packets. The TCP is also
capable of performing many upper layer functions. The IP is unaffected by these functions
and works normally with the TCP. Therefore though being connection less, IP protocol is
able to work with TCP in the same stack without any problem.