Gang Crime Prevention and Role of Communities

Running head: GANG CRIME PREVENTION
Gang Crime Prevention
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1GANG CRIME AND PREVENTION
Law and Pop Culture:
Modern scholars were of the perspective that, contemporary popular culture does not
have an intact definition. However, authors have defined popular culture and sub-popular culture
in various ways. Modern authors emphasized that popular culture can be referred to the pattern
of different cultural experiences which are prevalent in modern societies. However,
contemporary scholars has different perspectives, in their viewpoint, popular culture is generally
expressed and widely spread by using commercial media that includes- television, radio and
newspapers. Modern autocrats emphasized that in UK, the use of popular culture is widespread
and therefore as a result of it large number of individuals has access to it.
The concept of popular culture has been defined by authors keeping in view the existing
norms and values of the society1. According to modern autocrats, the concept of popular culture
can be referred to the norms and values which are generally followed by ordinary people in their
every course of life. However, these norms and values are opposed to the prevailing high
cultures of the society which revolves around the culture of intellectual communities. Authors
refer these high cultures belonging to intellectual communities as mandarin culture2.
The concept of popular culture can be related to the theory of legal positivism. Modern
scholars opined that, from the perspective of a legal positivist, the regulations and principles of
law has been considered to be valid due to the reason that these laws has been enacted or passed
by a legislative body and accepted by the individuals of the society as a whole. Scholars were of
the view that, popular culture has been able to play its role significantly because it has been
1 Jensen, Sune Qvotrup. "Towards a neo-Birminghamian conception of subculture? History, challenges, and future
potentials." Journal of Youth Studies 21.4 (2018): 407-423.
2 St John, Graham. "Civilised Tribalism: Burning Man, Event-Tribes and Maker Culture." Cultural Sociology 12.1
(2018): 3-21.

2GANG CRIME AND PREVENTION
widely accepted by a large number of individuals of the society. Modern authors were of the
view that popular culture came into being as a result of mass-production of commercial culture
and not as a result of an individual act. Modern scholars also emphasized on the concept of sub-
culture and described it as a small cultural group which exists within a relatively large culture.
However, the individuals of sub-cultural communities shares different identity from the large
cultural group.
In this regard, the concept of popular culture and sub culture can be associated with the
emergence of gang crimes in UK and their relation with legal positivism. Modern authors
emphasized that various behavioral, social and psychological factors are associated with modern
gang-crimes. Contemporary scholars were of the opinion that the members of gang-crimes are
associated with various criminal activities. Modern scholars however emphasized on a different
view. In their perspective, youths forming popular culture groups are often associated with
criminal gang activities. Scholars were of the opinion that the concept of positivism is opposed to
the subject-matter of natural law. Modern authors emphasized that the theory of legal positivism
can be applied to the activities of gang crimes as the theory is opposed to moral judgments. In
the perspective of con temporary scholars, the theory of legal positivism can be applied to
eliminate the activities of gang-crimes as the theory emphasized those criminals’ needs to be
punished with the application of legal principles by ignoring moral values.
Neo-tribalism in youth culture:
While critically evaluating the impact of neo-tribalism in youth culture, it is essential to
provide the ideas of different scholars and authors. Modern researchers while analyzing the
importance of neo-tribalism in the study of youth culture recognized two major issues. The first

3GANG CRIME AND PREVENTION
issue is associated with the objectivity of youth culture while the second issue is concerned with
the second issue is concerned with the scope of neo-tribalism in relation to youth, music and
lifestyle. In the perspective of these researchers, the subject matter of youth culture in a modern
day has been constantly applied by sociological theorists. There is a belief that youth culture
forms an important part of the society and culture. However, in every society these prevailing
cultures are divided by a thin line of division and therefore it has been difficult for researchers to
identify these lines of division. According to contemporary authors, the concept of tribe is
referred to a certain ambience and the state of mind. These ambiences and state of mind are
expressed with the help of different lifestyles which relatively favors the appearance and form of
tribes.
Modern scholars opined that from the very beginning the concept of neo-tribalism is a
matter of concern for the society. According to them, the concept of neo-tribalism is more
concerned with the shifting nature of different associations between individuals due to the reason
that reason that the society is steadily inclining towards the development of consumers. In the
perspective of ancient scholars, the development of neo-tribalism can be traced back from the
late 1960s and the early 1970s3. However, the process of neo-tribalism was identified much
lately by the modern researches and thereafter these were applied to the origins of mass
consumerism. Modern authors however opposed the application of the concept of neo-tribalism
in modern youth culture. According to their perspective, the principles of neo-tribalism stood as
counter-cultural opposition to various commercially available variants. These variants included-
music and style which existed as a result of the prevailing youth culture during the early 1970s.
3 Rutherford, Leonie, Elizabeth Bullen, and Lenise Prater. "Paranormal Politics and the Romance of Urban
Subcultures: Youth Mobility in Cassandra Clare's and Melissa Marr's Fantasy Texts." Jeunesse: Young People,
Texts, Cultures8.1 (2016): 66-88.