Gender Inequality in Film Industry

This assignment delves into the pervasive issue of gender inequality within the film industry. Students are tasked with analyzing various research papers, articles, and online resources provided to understand the extent of this problem across different aspects of filmmaking, including employment, representation, and leadership roles. The analysis should shed light on the societal and systemic factors contributing to these inequalities. Additionally, students are expected to propose potential solutions or strategies for mitigating gender bias and promoting greater inclusivity within the film industry.

GENDER INEQUALITY
IN UK
ENTERTAINMENT
INDUSTRY

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1
Tittle.......................................................................................................................................1
Background of the Study........................................................................................................1
Research Aim and Objectives................................................................................................2
Research Question..................................................................................................................2
Rational of Study....................................................................................................................2
Significance of the Study........................................................................................................3
Structure of Research.............................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................5
Trends followed in entertainment industry of UK.................................................................5
Factors leading to Gender Discrimination in entertainment industry of UK.........................7
Employees perspectives and thoughts on gender inequality within the UK entertainment
industry...................................................................................................................................8
Concept and theories of Gender inequality within the Entertainment industry...................10
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................................12
Introduction..........................................................................................................................12
Research philosophies..........................................................................................................12
Research approach................................................................................................................13
Research technique...............................................................................................................13
Research design....................................................................................................................14
Data collection......................................................................................................................14
Sampling...............................................................................................................................15
Ethical consideration............................................................................................................15
Research limitations.............................................................................................................16
Research Plan.......................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS................................................................................................18
Introduction..........................................................................................................................18
Findings and analysis...........................................................................................................18
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................25

5.1 Conclusion......................................................................................................................25
5.2 Recommendations..........................................................................................................26
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................28

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Tittle
“ To explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in today’s entertainment industry of
UK”.
Background of the Study
Gender inequality is the common point of discussion across the globe. However, the
research will focus on Gender inequality in Entertainment industry of United Kingdom. Film
industry is among leading industries as it is in reach of large population. Further, the trends
influenced in Entertainment industry are followed across the country. Therefore, the inequality
which is being followed in the industry is influence the minds of people. The industry is spread
on large platform and connects with maximum population but it has been discovered that most
gender discrimination is faced in Film industry.
However, it has been analysed that the disparity in film industry is major faced by female
employees like, the women's are allowed to work only in make up, costume and casting
department. All the work which is related to field, camera, innovation is handled by men's
because according to some people in industry women's can not manage field work. The trend of
film industry believes that women can only be hired to work for someone but can not attain
success basis of their skills and abilities. These factors which are increase the gender disparity in
entertainment industry of UK. Further, in industry female employee are recruited as crew
member or as make artist but there is very less involvement of female individuals in production
team or directing team. There are very less successful females in industry because their success
and promotions are restricted by males of society. Moreover, the famous, celebrities, producers
and director have very controversial past regardless of their work and effortless behaviours with
the industry. The females are most active participants of entertainment field but for success
women faces various obstacles which creates hindrance in their growth.
Apparently, new films students also faces genders disparity like if the industry have 50
percent of male entries and 50 percent of females entries than all male entries are accepted but 49
percent of the female entries which clearly represents gender inequality in entertainment industry
of UK. Gender disparity is also termed as gender discrimination in restricted in books of law,
therefore the person found conducting such activities is punishable under the legal framework of
UK. Most women director face issues in stages of their career development there are various
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obstacles caused by male employee who can not tolerate a woman succeeding over them.
According to data, it has been recorded that 16.1 % of female directors are involved in low
budget film and inly 3.3% of women's have high budget film record which demonstrate a clear
cut Gender disparity in Entertainment industry of United Kingdom (A major new study into
gender inequality in the UK film industry. 2016). In contrast, there are 12.5% female directors
who have launched two movie's and there are only 4.0% females who have made four and more
films.
Research Aim and Objectives
AIM
“To explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in today’s entertainment industry
of UK”.
OBJECTIVES
 To evaluate reports, theories and concepts that address gender inequality in the UK
entertainment industry.
 To identify employees perspectives and thoughts on gender inequality within the UK
entertainment industry.
 To analyse perspectives and thoughts on gender inequality of employees in UK
entertainment industry.
 To determine the factors leading to Gender Discrimination in entertainment industry of
UK.
Research Question
 What are the reports, theories and concepts that address gender inequality in the UK
entertainment industry?
 What is the employees perspectives and thoughts on gender inequality within the UK
entertainment industry?
 What are the factors leading to Gender Discrimination in entertainment industry of UK?
Rational of Study
The ultimate motive of conducting this research process is to determine the factors which
are Leading to gender inequality in entertainment industry of UK. The discrimination from film
industry is rising and spreading all over the country. Therefore, it is very important for the
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researcher to determine the causes which are reason behind Gender based disparity. Further, the
study will assist in setting and deriving various measures which can assist researcher in analysing
the cause and effect relation of gender based discrimination in Film industry of UK.
Furthermore, the research will aid in analysing the reports and concepts which can address the
inequality factors. The research will be of employees in entertainment industry of UK, who are
ultimate victim of the process and are the best drivers which will helps in analysing the culprits
and the reason which is giving rise of Gender based Disparity.
Apart from this, the study is conducted to analyse the impacts of inequality on the
employees like, female producers, directors, students etc. It is the best source by which the
scholar will able to determining success of male employee in industry instead of female. Thus, it
will assist the scholar in making little changes on the perception and rules which are followed in
Entertainment industry which are restricting the growth and impacting the minds of whole
society.
Significance of the Study
There are various issues in society which increasing due to gender based inequality like,
most females are unemployed and skills because according to people females can not manage
workload and are very emotional due to which women's do not understand the importance for
decision making. Therefore, it is important for the researcher to analyse the factors which are
leading to gender base discrimination. According to various study it has been denoted that most
discrimination is faced by the employees of entertainment industry in UK. Hence, the importance
of the study to assess the employees perspectives and thoughts on gender inequality within the
UK entertainment industry. Hence, with the help of this research, the scholar will able to imply
and present an overview on trends which are being followed in film industry of UK.
Structure of Research
The dissertation comprises various chapters that demonstrate several aspects of research
process which is being followed by scholar to conduct effective process of study. The chapters of
Dissertation are as follows:
Introduction Chapter 1: This chapter of dissertation will comprise the background of gender
inequality in today’s entertainment industry of UK. Further, It will hight the research aim,
objectives and questions which will act as base of entire research process. Apart from this the
chapter will consider motive behind conducting the research which is to analysed the factors that
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are promoting gender Disparity. Thus, it will include significance of the study which will aid in
analysing the issue which are increasing due to gender based discrimination in film industry of
UK.
Literature review Chapter 2: This is the second chapter where the researcher will focus on
analysing the point of various author and scholar on Trends which are being followed in
Entertainment industry of UK. This is conducted by scholar to enhance knowledge over the aim
and objective which will assist in discovering various cause and effect of inequality which is
increasing in film industry due to Gender. This chapter assists the individual in improving their
in-depth knowledge about the research aim and objective.
Research Methodology Chapter 3: This chapter is the base for researcher as on the basis of
tools of research methodologies the scholar conduct the entire process of data collection and data
analysis. Therefore, it is important for the individual to make careful use of techniques of RM as
this make dissertation process smooth and systematic.
Data Analysis Chapter 4: The chapter is focused on analysing the collected data. In this the
researcher will analyse the articles, newspapers, government publication etc. which is the data
collection tool and will use by investigator at the time of collecting information through
secondary sources. The collected data by researcher will be demonstrated by using descriptive
form as it assist in making easy evaluation of gathered information.
Conclusion and recommendation Chapter 5: In this the researcher summarize the overall
collected data and information on the basis of chapter. This chapter provides an outline of
necessary information. Further, in this chapter the scholar make recommendation on the research
title which assist in establishing improvement measures.
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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Trends followed in entertainment industry of UK
According to Banks and Milestone, 2011, it has been stated that inequality based on
gender is common across the globe but it majorly seen in entertainment industry as according to
many people females can not manage work and should not be allowed to participate in film
activities. Gender disparity in film industry is the major reason behind restricting growth of
female artist, directors and producers. The growth of women in the industry is not supported due
to which the environment society in UK is getting hampered. People are most influenced by the
activities of entertainment industry and when the discrimination it first impacts the minds of
people who get influenced by trends of entertainment industry. In contrast, Ellis-Petersen, 2014,
has stated that there are various stages in entertainment industry where females are getting
degraded by male employees due to which the struggle in the industry continues. The author has
stated that the trends in film industry are influence the minds of society due to which the gender
based disparity concept has increased the gender discrimination in all the industries of United
Kingdom. According to scholar, it has been stated that the discrimination on the basis of gender
is most biased process where the innovation and ability of females is degraded. Further, A major
new study into gender inequality in the UK film industry, 2016, analysed that 16.1 % of female
directors are engaged in low budget film and only 3.3% of women's are involved in high budget
films which clearly denotes the gender inequality trends followed in entertainment industry of
UK.
Riegle-Crumb, King and Muller, 2012, has stated that the disparity in film industry is
leading to diversity due to lack of female producers and directors. According to trends it has
been analysed that most crew members in industry are male because according to people the
females are bad at management. The trends in entertainment industry of UK states that females
in industry can only be valued for make-up, costume and fashion department and all the work is
difficult and demands field work which can not given to women's. In contrast, the author states
that there are various department in film industry of UK and females has the ability to handle
costume and wardrobe departments which is related to feminist working. According to analysis
of UK film industry, it has been demonstrated that there are only 17.5 % women's are in industry
where only 16 % of females are engaged in music and there are approximately 95 % male
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employees handling cameras and electrical which denotes clear cut trend of gender disparity
which is being followed in industry.
However, Hook, 2010, states that in creative areas of film making industry men's are
being dominated and there are different department for male employees but on the other hand the
author states that still after the disparity which is face by males the values of females is less like
as per 2000 films there are only 13 % editors and 10 % writers and 5 % directors who are
females in whole industry. The increasing concept of gender inequality and discrimination has
influenced the minds of society die to which now the concept has become the major issue which
is leading to various problems and social conflicts. In contrast, according to Bradbury, 2015, the
major reason behind increasing social conflicts in United Kingdom ins gender based
discrimination which is continuously increasing due to which the growth of females is being
restricted at every step. Apparently, according to Ellis-Petersen, 2014, there is noticeable change
in trends of UK entertainment industry which represents that the 2500 films release in recent
period are of the women directors whose growth has bee restricted by make employee at every
stage. It has been denoted that after all the gender disparity the confident in female of films
industry is remarkable as the individuals work consistently facing inequality but dealing it with
practical solutions. According to Ridgeway, 2011, it has been stated that in entertainment
industry of UK, there is very less involvement of female individuals in production team or
directing team as the women's can not handle work pressure and can not even manage time.
Hence, in accordance to this criteria of work in industry there are very less successful females in
film making because their success and promotions are restricted by males of society.
As per the views of Chalaby, 2011, the recent trends of UK entertainment industry are
focused on empowering women and their rights. All the female directors' and producers involved
in film making are launching movie which are focused on the power and strong will power of
females like, Wonder Woman, The Bye Bye Man and many more. This is the first step of the
industry to make society learn about the gender balance which gets dominated by the mentality
of people who believes that women do not deserve to work. Thus, the author states that its is
important for the people to analyse the importance of maintaining balance between Gender
because it is the major reason behind various conflicts and social revolutions. Hence, Randle,
Forson and Calveley, 2015, stated that film industry has the power to influence society and their
mentality therefore it is important for the people of entertainment industry to focus on balancing
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factors which assist in establishing the stable environment of society instead to creating gender
dis-balance because it is the factor which can easily influence the minds and view of society.
Factors leading to Gender Discrimination in entertainment industry of UK
According to Banks and Milestone, 2011, there is no specific factor which leads to
gender disparity instead it is the trends and mentality which people continues ages after ages.
Gender based inequality in Entertainment industry of UK us specially increasing due to
increasing participation and interest of females in film making. The success of female producers
directors in industry is remarkable which assist the industry in making innovation in their
entertainment services but the according to the trends it has been analysed that the success of
females is getting dominated by male employee of firm industry. In addition, as per the views of
Bradbury, 2015, gender disparity starts with the division of work where female employee in
entertainment are recruited as crew member, wardrobe manager, for costume department and as
make up artist but there is very less involvement of women's in directing team and producing
team. According to the industry females can not handle the work related to innovation, cameras
and electricals. This is one of the factor due to which the gender inequality in the entertainment
industry is increasing. However, Lutter, 2015, states that the innovation and success level of
females is increasing due to which the male dominates the success the morale of women's in
order to restrict their growth in entertainment industry. Th success of films like, Wonder women,
Bye Bye Man denotes the success of female creation in industry. The creation of movies which
focus on women empowerment assist in reducing gender dis balance. The author states that the
success of these films in industry which demonstrate the successful creation efforts of women
motivates male to dominate females and create gender balance. The industry still focused on
dominating the efforts and innovation of females which was used to be done in past decades
where people believed that women's are meant only for doing household work. Thus, according
to author, it can be said that the dominating pattern of male in film making industry is leading
gender disparity across United Kingdom.
Apparently, Bradbury, 2015, stated that there are only 13.6% of women who are working
in entertainment industry of UK from past few decades which is clear cut example of gender dis
balance and obstacle which are created by make employees of film making industry. In
accordance, it has been analysed that the major factors of gender disparity in the industry in
innovation and working pattern of female which is completely different from male. The
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successful efforts of female directors and producers in entertainment industry of UK has created
a revolution with their two or three films which hampered the success and ego of male society,
due to which now there is division of work in industry where females are only promoted as,
make up artist, wardrobe artist, costume specialist and as crew member. In contrast, the author
states struggle of gender inequality is not only with the female who are already the part of
entertainment industry but the discrimination is even faced by new entrants which is hampering
the stability of society. Moreover, it is demonstrated admission pattern of industry where there is
50 percent of male entries and 50 percent of females entries and all male entries are accepted but
only 49 percent of the female entries are accepted which is factor leading to gender inequality in
entertainment industry of UK. According to Gender Equality in the UK Film Industry, 2018, it
has been analysed that the growth of women in entertainment industry of UK is very slow and
gradual like, in 2014 there were only 11.3 % of films which were directed by females which
increased to only 11.9% till 2005 which clearly demonstrate that the women's struggle for their
rights and growth in industry which is leading to increasing Gender inequality.
Employees perspectives and thoughts on gender inequality within the UK entertainment industry.
According to the view of Chalaby, 2011) employees are most crucial asset within the
organisation through which determined objective can address in effective and efficient manner. It
is very important for management of corporation to manage and motivate employees in such
manner so as they can feel demotivate and depress at workplace. In the absence of employees it
is very difficult for management to achieve its objective and sustain in the market for long time.
For attain the objective and sustain in the competitive business environment it is very important
for company to manage its workforce in an effective manner. While management of organisation
treats unethical, unequal and illegal with any employees then it will directly effect the outcome
and quality of business. Thus, it is too important to consider each employee as a valuable asset so
as they can retain within business for long time. In the view of Ellis-Petersen 2014, in the present
time, gender inequality issue major seem in the entertainment industry through which perception
of employees are not positive. In the entertainment industry, this kind of issue arise in the fastest
manner due to which employees are not ready to work in such industry. In the opinion of
Bradbury, (2015) In Entertainment industry the most gender discrimination is faced by
employees in industry because there are people who do not support the progress of female
models, directions, actress etc. Still it has been seen that many of the film producer believes that
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female candidate are not as active and efficient as compare to the male candidate. Many of the
female in the film industry are discriminated by their producer and directors. In the entertainment
industry, many of the produce recruit only male candidate for the crew. Thus, from this situation,
employees have negative perspective related to the entertainment industry. Employees do not
happy with the same industry because there are many of the people who do not understand the
importance of female candidate. Due to this discrimination related to gender, it has been seen
that people are not ready to come in the film industry and they think that producer and directors
discriminate with people so it is just wastage of time to work in this industry. In the opinion of
Ridgeway, (2011) stated that major impact of this gender discrimination have influenced on the
female candidate as they do not ready to enter in the film industry. Many of the female thinks
that they may use for sexism in this industry due to which they do not want to enter in this
industry. Many of the directors and producers of film recruit and hire female candidates on the
basis of conditions and terms. As per the research it has been found that 99% of women working
in the film and television industries have experienced of sexism. It has seen that there are several
examples in which female are discriminated by their producer and film directors. Women in the
television and film made up by 7% of directors on the top 250 films of 2016 which is actually
declined a 2% from 2015.
According to the view Lutter, 2015, it has been found that employees who works in the
film industry have thought that their owner do not provide equal facilities to them due to the
gender inequality. According to radical feminism concept, the author states that the women in
UK entertainment industry are major discriminated as the talent ad innovation by females is
behind dominated by the males in industry. The male domination in film making holds a strong
control over women participation in direction and production of movies. The new entrants are
also restricted which clearly demonstrate the radical feminism concept. Dominating women
plays crucial role of males in UK society because it is the factor which interrupts in the success
of females. Apart from this the author stated about the social feminism which is followed in
Film making industry of UK where the concept and beliefs of people that women are not capable
of managing innovation work has oppressed the success women's over men's. Apparently, the
society believes that females are only capable of managing some limited wok which are costume,
make-up, wardrobe and due to which the one can only be recruited in entertainment industry for
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similar kind of work. Further, according to male dominating society of UK the women's are not
capable of handing production and direction department.
Concept and theories of Gender inequality within the Entertainment industry
According to the view of Banks and Milestone, (2011) Gender inequality is one of the
common discussion in the present time in corporate as well as entertainment industry. As it have
been seen that in the entertainment industry, still some people are facing issue of gender
inequality because some people thinks that male are more efficient and product as compare to
female. Thus, at the time of growth opportunity and promotion, management selects male
candidate and eliminate female candidates. In the opinion of Chalaby, (2011) while within the
organisation idea and situation arises that women and men are not equal then it is known as
gender inequality. It is refers to unequal treatment or perception of individuals wholly or partly
due to their gender.
According to the Hook, (2010) feminist theory of gender inequality is one of the essential
theory that can explore the knowledge and understanding about elements and factors of
inequality among men and women. As per this theory, gender inequality refers to the disparities
that exist among individual based solely on their gender rather than objective differences in skill,
ability., characteristics etc. While within any place, gender discrimination arises then it means
there are man and women treats and measure in unequal manner. It may be obvious a situation at
where same opportunity do not provide to man and women. In this theory, there are many
feminist perspective of gender inequality such as liberal feminism, socialist feminism, radical
feminism and multiracial feminism. These all perspective provides different view, opinion and
different insights into the problem. In the liberal feminism includes different sources depending
on their assumptions. In this framework, gender inequality has its origins in historical tradition
that have set up barriers to the advancement of females. In addition to this, in this framework
includes several issues related to equal opportunities, equal rights, social justices etc. Thus, it can
be said that with help of this framework in this mentioned theory, the knowledge can be taken
about the inequality related to opportunities, rights and social value of people. This framework
also assumes that the socialisation of female into gender roles contributes to the inequality in the
society. In addition to this, women are treated as unequal in the society due to the gender
inequality. The liberal feminist framework has been developed on the basis of many legal
changes that can bring the greater equality for female in the UK. Thus, it can be said that it is
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very important aspect related to gender inequality which should consider within the corporation
for overcome the issue of gender inequality. As per the views of Randle, Forson and Calveley,
2015, Entertainment industry the most gender discrimination is faced by employees in industry
because there are people who do not support the progress of female models, directions, actress
etc. The inequality on the basis on sex is majorly impacting the progress of students who have
initially entered the industry. The opportunities in the industry are even biased and specifically
offered to make directors regardless of the work of female individual. The inequality has
increased from level 1 to level 7 due to which the system in film work is prioritizing gender
based success. Hence, the cultural feminism concept states that involving females in every work
of society is the best strategy which aid in nurturing and managing peaceable environment.
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CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
In the dissertation while literature review effectively accomplish then in the next chapter,
researcher focus on the research methodology. With help of this chapter, researcher can apply
several techniques and find out appropriate solution of research problem. In the absence of this
chapter, researcher may face serious issue related to appropriate solution of study. Research
methodology is a procedure that assist in collecting, analysing, interpreting and analysing
information for obtain effective and valid solution of issue which occupied in the study. With
help of this chapter in the dissertation, right solution about issue can easily obtain and effective
result can find out about the study (Tarone, Gass and Cohen, 2013). The methodology may
include publication research, interviews, surveys and other research technique and could include
both present and historical information. There are several kinds of research techniques are
included in research methodology such as research philosophies, research approach, research
techniques, research strategies, data collection, data analysis, sampling, ethical consideration etc.
With help of all these techniques, researcher can understand the actual issue of study and obtain
the effective solution of research issue. In the current research study, the major objective is to
explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in today’s entertainment industry of UK.
Thus, for attainment of this objective, scholar have applied several tools which are discussed
below-
Research philosophies
Research philosophy is essential method in the research methodology through which
scholar can easily analyse entire research study in appropriate manner. It is a belief about the
way in which data about a phenomenon should be gathered, analysed and used. Research
philosophy assist to scholar in analysing entire study as well as objective of the research. There
are major two kinds of research philosophies such as positivism and interpritivism research
study. Positivism research philosophy is stable and can be observed and described from an
objective viewpoint. On the other hand interpritivism research philosophy is the study of
phenomena in their natural environment is key to the interpretivism philosophy (Simonsohn,
Nelson and Simmons, 2017). This research philosophy mainly focus on the study and use several
theories and models related to the subject matter. In the present study, the major objective is to
explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in today’s entertainment industry of UK.
12

Thus, for attain the objective, researcher have applied positivism research philosophies through
which right and appropriate solution can obtain in an effective and efficient manner. With help of
positivism research philosophies, researcher can interpret the objective and conclude final
solution of problem. It assists to researcher in design the perfect path for data collection and
interpretation (Geerts, 2011). Thus, it can be said that if researcher do not apply research
philosophy then it is impossible to generate perfect solution of research problem. With assistance
of research philosophies, researcher can easily analyse and assess the information for address the
appropriate solution.
Research approach
It is essential technique that helps in developing master plan for identifying and
interpreting information. With help of research approach, scholar can develop systematic
planning for addressing right solution of research problem. Major there are two kinds of research
approach that is inductive and deductive research approach. In the context of inductive research
approach, scholar have developed theories on the basis of information. There is not any
requirement for design hypothesis in this method. On the other hand in the context of deductive
research approach, hypothesis can develop for achieve the objective of study.
Research technique
Research technique is another such a crucial method in the research methodology that
helps in collecting, analysing and interpreting information about the subject. In the absence of
research technique, it is impossible to conduct investigation for find out effective solution. In a
simple word it can be said that research technique is a technique that helps to researcher in
collecting, analysing, interpreting the information for address valid and reliable solution. It is a
method for analysing and interpreting information about subject so as perfect solution can obtain
in an easiest manner (Mackey and Gass, 2015). There are major two kinds of research techniques
such as qualitative and quantitative. In the quantitative research technique, scholar can collect
and analyse information by use of c interview, survey, observation, case study etc.
(Panneerselvam, 2014). Furthermore, information can represent with help of table, graphs, charts
etc. On the other hand in the quantitative research technique researcher can analyse and interpret
information with help of SPSS technique such as T-testing, Anova, coefficient, descriptive
statistical technique etc. In the current research study, for explore significant ideologies of
gender inequality in today’s entertainment industry of UK researcher have applied qualitative
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research technique along with thematic analysis tool. In this method information can represent
with help of graphs, tables, charts etc.
Research design
It is a blue print of research methodology that aids in achieving objective of research
investigation. It is major part of research methodology that aid in analysing and interpreting the
information for obtain the right solution. It is considered as blue print of collected data. There are
different kinds of research designs such as descriptive, exploratory, experimental etc. In the
exploratory research design, scholar can explore questions for conclude valid and reliable
outcome of study. Descriptive research design is also known as theoretical analysis that assist in
carrying out the entire research study in more efficient and effective manner. With application of
this research design in the study, characteristics of population can obtain which is going to
participate in the study (Özerdem, and Bowd, 2016). In the context of experimental research
design, changes can make according to the requirement. In the current research study, the major
objective of researcher is to explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in today’s
entertainment industry of UK. Thus, for address the effective outcome of study, scholar have
applied descriptive research design. With assistance of this research design, scholar can easily
collect factual information and obtain right solution of study.
Data collection
It is another essential aspect in the research methodology by which information can
collect about the subject. If researcher is not use data collection technique then information about
subject can not gather. Data collection is a procedure through which information can collect,
interpret and analyse for find out effective solution of research issue. Major data collection can
conduct with help of two method that is primary data collection and secondary data collection.
While information collects from the primary sources such as survey, interview, questionnaire,
observation etc. then this method is known as primary data collection. This is the best method for
collect fresh information about subject. The information which is collected from the respondents
in this method has not used by anyone. On the other hand, while information collects from the
secondary sources such as books, journals, online articles, blogs etc then it is known as
secondary data collection. In this method, scholar use information which is already being used
and published by someone. In the current dissertation, the major aim is to explore significant
ideologies of gender inequality in today’s entertainment industry of UK. Thus, for attain this
14

objective, researcher have selected primary data collection under which scholar will analyse 500
secondary sources like, government publication, newspaper etc. UK entertainment industries.
With help of primary data collection, researcher can easily collect views, opinion and suggestion
of employees in the entertainment industry in UK.
Sampling
Sampling is one of essential part in research methodology which assist in designing the
perfect sample size for data collection. While researcher select sample then they can conduct
investigation so it can be said that in the absence of sampling, researcher can not able to collect
information about the subject (Fiegen,2010). Sampling is the process of selecting a
representative group from the population under study. There are various kinds of sampling
methods that is random sampling, stratified sampling, opportunity sampling, systematic sampling
etc. It is the group of people who take part in the investigation. In the absence of this method it is
impossible to conduct data collection and applied several methods for final outcome. In the
current research study, the main aim is to explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in
today’s entertainment industry of UK. Thus, for attain this objective, researcher have selected
random sampling method under which 500 secondary sources will be researched of UK
entertainment industries has been selected.
Ethical consideration
It is essential aspect in investigation which should consider by scholar at time of research.
There are several kinds of ethics which should follow by scholar. It is important aspect through
which researcher can avoid unethical and illegal things at the time of data collection and
research. With help of this aspect, negative impact of several factors can easily eliminated from
the research study and result can effectively and efficient obtain by research. One of the major
ethic is related to relevant and valid data about research subject (Hunleth, 2011). It means,
scholar should not use any irrelevant and inappropriate information in the research study at the
time of data collection. All information which is going to include in the study should relevant
and valid according to topic. In addition to this, scholar should not force to anyone at the tie of
data collection and every one is free to share their views and responds. In addition, when
conducting research, the scholar will ensure that the feelings of individual answering questions is
harmed by any question. The data collection is by secondary sources in which the researcher will
ask questions from 300 females in UK entertainment industry and 200 males where the
15

investigator will ask about the individual experience therefore the scholar will make sure that
beliefs and values of no person is harmed at the time of gathering information through secondary
sources. However, the researcher will make sure that before conducting research process the
person seeks for permission from head department of entertainment industry as it will assist in
making entire process smooth and ethical.
Research limitations
This is another major aspect that can consider in the research methodology. While
research conducts research study, then researcher may face several kinds of limitations and
issues (Neuman and Robson, 2012). The major limitation which faced by researcher is related to
the time. In the entire research study, there are various kinds of activities which conducted by
scholar for find out the best solution. Due to lack of time, it may very difficult for researcher to
conduct each activities in an appropriate manner. Thus, it can be said that time is major factor
that can affect scholar in the research study. Due to lack of time scholar can unable to conduct
investigation. Thus, in the current research study, time is major limitation which faced by
researcher for explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in today’s entertainment
industry of UK. Thus, in order to conduct each research activity in an appropriate manner,
researcher has used Gantt chart method under which each activity can organise according to
specific time period. Another major issue which faced by research is related to insufficient fund.
Furthermore, another major limitation is that some respondents were not giving answer on time.
Some of them were not properly provide answer of question so it is another issue in the research
study.
Research Plan
Activities
Week
1
Week
2 & 3
Week
4
Week
5
Week
6
Week
7
Week
8 & 9
Week 10 Week 11
Design research
proposal
Construct research
aim and objective
16

Rationale of the
study
Significance of the
entire research
study
Literature review
Application of
research
methodology
Develop secondary
sources
Conduct primary
collection in
survey
Data analysis and
interpretation
Conclusion and
summary
Submit the draft
Modification
according to
feedback
17

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS
Introduction
In this the researcher will analyse the secondary sources which has been collected from
secondary data available on Entertainment industry. In this the researcher analysed more than
500 secondary sources and the data was almost of all the areas of industry which assisted the
scholar in collecting effective and reliable results. In this process the scholar aims at targeting
the data which was available on women who have experienced gender disparity because it will
aid in deriving measures to prevent gender discrimination.
Findings and analysis
Theme 1: Yes, people believe in Gender Disparity.
According to Article it has been determined that most people believes in Gender disparity
and it is the reason which is gives rise of discrimination. It has been demonstrated that generally
disparity is faced my females because according to society women can only manage limited
work but on the other males are capable of managing all types of work. This is the major reason
which is restricting the growth and success of females in society. According to author who
worked in film making industry it has been represented that “ if the women succeed than the
males in industry focus on degrading the morale of one specific person and it is the reason which
is giving rise to gender disparity in entertainment industry of UK (Wing-Fai, Gill and Randle,
2015). Further, it has been analysed that most people in industry believe that there should be
gender disparity because according to them women needs to be privileged and this the reason
why the people in society discriminate between male and females, However, when seeking for
information one reporter quoted that “The gender disparity in industry is increasing because the
male in society believes in dominating women's at every level of success”.
Theme 2: Success of women more than men in the industry is the reasons behind gender
inequality.
According to articles on entertainment industry it has been determined that Success is the
major reason which is giving rise to gender disparity. Most of the females are above male
employee like directors, models, actress and it affects the male ego due to which the male
individual in industry dominates the success of females (Gill, 2014). However, one scholar
quoted that no, success is not the reason because according to that individual there are numerous
18

controversies of females success which creates hindrance in entire of career of women's
Apparently according to one female employee of industry who is the part of directing team,
demonstrated that yes success is the major reason because, males in industry can not see females
succeeding and therefore the people cause hindrance which aims at restricting women's growth
in film making. Further, the author has stated the example of girl where he shared experience of
girl in which she stated that she was the part of costume department but she was interested in
directing so she approached and used various ways to show her talent but every time she took
one step forward people dominated her as she is female and according to them she is not capable
of managing directing work (Glick, and Fiske, 2011). Hence, the girl did not stop and achieved
what she wanted. Thus, scholar stated that success for female in entertainment industry of UK is
the biggest struggle because of Gender disparity.
Theme 3: Yes, there is inequality on the basis of gender in UK entertainment industry.
According to one newspaper article, the scholar discovered that, yes there is gender
inequality in UK entertainment industry. The author in newspaper article has stated the example
of girl who faced the and stated that discrimination is generally faced by women's in industry due
to which there are very less successful females in film making in comparison to men's. However,
the most females author articles states that the inequality on the basis of gender is at every level
of industry due to which the skills and ability of doing something gets degraded. The women's
are harassed and degraded by male dominating society. In contrast, one author stated that
“female directors are engaged in low budget and there are very less successful female directors
which clearly demonstrated the gender disparity of UK entertainment industry (Conor, Gill and
Taylor, 2015). Apart from this, from all the secondary sources it has been represented that yes
the disparity in the industry is faced by women's because at the time of entry that is recruitment
there are 50 percent males and 50 percent females among which all the male are recruited but
only 40 percent of females get entry. This is the major example which clearly denotes Gender
inequality of industry in UK. Thus, according to most articles it has been represented that the
success of females employee in industry goes off through disparity at all level.
Theme 4: Yes, most people agree that women are being dominated in UK entertainment
industry.
19

According to theme 4, it has been analysed that yes people agree that women's in film
industry of UK get dominated by male employee because according to them women's are capable
of handling some limited work which is related to make, costume, wardrobe etc. According to
scholars, male in industry the females are no capable of handling production, cameras and other
field work (Wreyford, 2015). The division of work on the base of gender is leading to disparity
because one female in industry, the author quoted example of a girl who was a photographer and
used to understand appropriate use of cameras, she is qualified photographer and at the time
entry she was told that first she will be trained with production team and than will be allowed to
handle cameras but it has been 2 years she did not use cameras and handle costume department.
Hence, according to research it has been found out that The girls are still struggling to attain
success in her filed but her efforts gets dominated by males in industry. Apart from this, from the
secondary sources it has been implied that according to both male and female employee of UK
entertainment industry the domination is mostly faced by women's (Lutter, 2015).
Theme 5: Yes, most people have experienced Gender disparity in industry.
According to theme 5, it has been analysed that yes there are many people who faces
gender disparity in UK entertainment industry. It has been evaluated that most females answered
the question yes and males as No, which clearly represents that inequality on the basis of gender
is the basic activity which is being followed at all the level of industry. Further, in accordance to
one article there were only two authors who quoted that yes there is inequality in industry which
is faced by women's because according to people in entertainment field women's can only the
work like, make, costume, crew (Jones and Pringle, 2015). Apart from this, as per the sources, it
has been represented that gender disparity is common part of UK entertainment industry and is
followed at every level. In addition, from the newspaper it was discovered that one article quoted
that the growth and the success of females in entertainment industry is limited by remarkable it is
the reason due to which people creates obstacle in women's career in industry. The information
which was available in secondary sources were almost interrelated to each from which it is clear
that the male society do not want to change the concept of gender disparity and every one is
following it with or without agreeing on unequal behaviour (Handy and Rowlands, 2014).
Theme 6: Problems which arise due Gender inequality in UK entertainment industry.
20

According to theme 6, it has been demonstrated that according to government
publications there are various problems which arise due to gender disparity in UK entertainment
industry (Handy and Rowlands, 2014). The most common problem which was represented
during the research was differentiation in salary. The women employees in film making industry
gets lower returns and salary in comparison to males. Apparently, according to articles of female
author and reporters the major problem is poor workplace treatment due to which many women's
leaves and some of them faces discrimination or get harassed. In accordance, one author quoted
that it is most unethical practice and a problem which arise due to Gender disparity in UK
industry of entertainment (Jayachandran, 2015). Apart from this, it has been demonstrated the
film making industry of UK, females have very less chance of getting promote and also there are
very less chance that the women get the job role according to qualification and requirement. The
talent of women's is degraded and the growth is restricted at very level of success
Theme 7: Standing up for the rights can be beneficial in preventing Gender disparity.
According to Theme 7, it has been demonstrated that there is a need to creates measures
which can assist in preventing gender disparity in UK entertainment industry (Jayachandran,
2015). According to most females reporters, it has been determined that standing up for the
rights is the best strategy which can assist in reducing gender disparity but for this the female
society in industry needs to be united. In addition, the author quoted that raising awareness in
society about the gender based inequality faced by females is the major step which can assist in
eradicating gender discrimination completely not from the entertainment industry but overall
(Viry, Vincent-Geslin and Kaufmann, 2015). Apparently, it has been determined that according
to male in industry, it has been evaluated that it is important for the society to make gender
inequality and awareness a part of training and education at all institution as it is the best method
which assist in preventing gender disparity.
Theme 8: Different experiences of gender inequality take place in industry.
According to theme 8, as per the study, it has been demonstrated that every individuals
has different experiences of gender disparity in entertainment industry of UK. Further, it has
been analysed that author has stated the example of girl who entered into industry as per her job
qualification. The situation was the firm wanted to be in script writing where the male directors
dominated her success and writing in from of all the members who were present in auditorium.
21

The incident degraded her morale due to which now she working as wardrobe artist at very low
salary (O’Brien, Laurison and Friedman, 2016). Apart from this, it has been determined that the
most girls in industry gets sexually harassed due to which some of them leaves their career and
some of them work out of their just for the sake of earning. However, the most male authors
who were the part of entertainment industry of UK, quoted that discrimination experience in
industry starts from the entry level and ends no where. Every individual in film making has their
own story of gender disparity because the inequality is not only faced by females but also men
face some situation like harassment, low income, hindrance in career and growth (Ridgeway,
2017).
Theme 9: Area of entertainment industry where people experience the most gender
discrimination.
According to theme 9, it has been demonstrated that almost in every areas of film making
industry people goes off through gender disparity but there are three four major areas where
women's are not even allowed to participate. According, to many newspapers articles the
researcher has discovered that it has been demonstrated that the room of cameras and directions
the entry of females are restricted (Randle and Hardy, 2017). According, to magazine on
entertainment industry it has been derived that in film making industry of UK, the women's can
not manage the work which is related to cameras and electricals.
Theme 10: Discrimination in entertainment industry on the basis of gender is wrong.
According to theme 10, from the secondary sources it has been discovered that people
inside an outside the industry believe that gender based discrimination is wrong as it is leading to
gender Disparity. Further, as per the research, one scholar stated that film making industry
discriminate employees on the basis of gender because according to them females are mean for
household work (Milestone, 2016). Moreover, the articles stated that women's career should be
stopped in contrary one author argued that males are scare of the success of women and it is the
reason the society is becoming male dominating. Hence, it has been discovered that people
believes that continuing this practices is wrong but still no one is ready to take a stand for
working females (O’Brien, 2015).
Theme 11: Yes, Gender inequality can be removed.
22

In accordance to Theme 11, it has been discovered from secondary research that
removing gender disparity from entertainment industry of UK is difficult but can be resolved by
taking effective measures (Lant, 2014). According to newspaper source it has been derives that
most social conflicts and campaigning which are arising due to inequality can remove disparity
but partially. Therefore, it has been determined that people who wants to take stand can untie up
for the right in order to establishing improvement measures.
Theme 12: Yes, people believe that inequality on the basis of gender is a serious issue.
According to theme 12, it has been identified that inequality is a serious issue and it is
important for the society to stand for the right and wrong. According to various author from
secondary sources, it has been derived that the disparity in entertainment industry in impacting
the minds of society (Stokes, 2015). In accordance, it has been determined that the trend of
dominating females is now followed in society. Therefore, as per the research it can be said that
it is important to create awareness among society about the equality and improvement measures
which will assist in managing gender disparity (Percival and Hesmondhalgh, 2014).
Theme 14: Yes, the success and talent of Women's employees in entertainment industry of
UK is restricted.
In accordance to theme 14, the secondary sources like government publications, articles
and newspapers states that the success and talent of Women's employees in entertainment
industry of UK is restricted because of the male dominating society. It has been determined that
male industry fees that growth of women is hindrance for their career due to which the success of
women's needs to be crossed lot obstacles (Williams, Mavin and Elliott, eds., 2016). Further, the
author stated that there are very successful women in the industry whose success has become
controversy because the society feels that female in industry are not cable of attaining success.
Theme 15: Production and directing world in film making industry of UK where women
faces discrimination.
According to theme 15, the researcher analysed that women in industry faced most
gender disparity in directing and production field because according to male the women's are bad
at managing electrical and cameras due to which the work of women employee is divided
initially (Andrijasevic and Mai, 2016). Most women in UK entertainment industry work as
23

wardrobe artist, make up artist and as costume manager. Thus, according to author the film
making industry has to be very particular about the production and directing, therefore the male
domination in industry succeeds (Miller, 2016). Apparently, one author has stated that gender
disparity in industry is due to increasing competition and not because of management of work.
Most people in entertainment industry of UK believes that women's success can be disgrace for
male dominating society in industry.
24

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusion
The following dissertation covers the aspects of gender inequality that was happening in
the entertainment industries of United Kingdom. Film industry is among leading industries as it
is in reach of large population. Further, the trends influenced in Entertainment industry are
followed across the country. Therefore, the inequality which is being followed in the industry is
influence the minds of people. The industry is spread on large platform and connects with
maximum population but it has been discovered that most gender discrimination is faced in Film
industry. The aim of the dissertation was to explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in
today’s entertainment industry of UK. The researcher made effective efforts in gathering and
analysing the data for the same. After analysing the literature jotted by senior researchers it was
identified that the growth of women in the industry is not supported due to which the
environment society in UK is getting hampered. People are most influenced by the activities of
entertainment industry and when the discrimination it first impacts the minds of people who get
influenced by trends of entertainment industry.
Gender discrimination have influenced on the female candidate as they do not ready to
enter in the film industry. Many of the female thinks that they may use for sexism in this industry
due to which they do not want to enter in this industry. Many of the directors and producers of
film recruit and hire female candidates on the basis of conditions and terms. Most of the
researchers and authors believed that the success of these films in industry which demonstrate
the successful creation efforts of women motivates male to dominate females and create gender
balance. The industry still focused on dominating the efforts and innovation of females which
was used to be done in past decades where people believed that women's are meant only for
doing household work. Thus, according to author, it can be said that the dominating pattern of
male in film making industry is leading gender disparity across United Kingdom. In order to
accomplish the aims and objectives of the research, the researcher implied precise research
methodology.
Research methodology is a procedure that assist in collecting, analysing, interpreting and
analysing information for obtain effective and valid solution of issue which occupied in the
study. For attaining the objective, researcher have applied positivism research philosophies
25

through which right and appropriate solution can obtain in an effective and efficient manner. It is
essential technique that helps in developing master plan for identifying and interpreting
information, thus deductive research approach, hypothesis was developed for achieve the
objective of study. Research technique is another such a crucial method in the research
methodology that helps in collecting, analysing and interpreting information about the subject. In
the above research study, to explore significant ideologies of gender inequality in today’s
entertainment industry of UK researcher have applied qualitative research technique along with
thematic analysis tool. In this method information can represent with help of graphs, tables,
charts etc. In the above dissertation, the major aim is to explore significant ideologies of gender
inequality in today’s entertainment industry of UK.
Thus, for attaining these objectives, researcher have selected secondary data collection
under which scholar have conducted. With help of secondary data collection, researcher can
easily collect views, opinion and suggestion of authors and scholars who have contributed their
work in the entertainment industry in UK. It was essential aspect in investigation which should
consider by scholar at time of research. There were several kinds of ethics which followed by
researcher. It is important aspect through which researcher can avoid unethical and illegal things
at the time of data collection and research. With help of this aspect, negative impact of several
factors can easily eliminated from the research study and result can effectively and efficient
obtain by research. One of the major ethic is related to relevant and valid data about research
subject. Thus, from the above dissertation, it can be understood that gender inequality is to be
considered as a crime in whatsoever industry or organisation practising in. Furthermore, by
following the precise methodologies and research structure, the researcher was able to attain the
aim and objective of the research effectively and efficiently.
5.2 Recommendations
Recommendations helps the industry by providing support which they can follow in order
to obliterate the gender discrimination. After analysing the case of the gender inequality in
United Kingdom film industries, the researcher formulates certain recommendations that will
help them to improvised. The suggestions are described below: Strictly following rules and regulation: In order to reduce or minimise the gender
equality from the film industries, the management needs to follow the rules and
regulation strictly and diligently. Females are essential part of industries and management
26

must consider their importance (Wing-Fai, Gill and Randle, 2015). Thus, it is
recommended to the management to follow the rules and regulations more strictly and
diligently so that gender discrimination can be eliminated within the organisation. Provide equal opportunities to women: By providing equal opportunity to women,
management can create a benchmark that will helps in minimising the gender
discrimination within the organisation (Gill, 2014). It is being advised to film advisory
and board of directors of United Kingdom to make certain provisions for women so that
they can participate in the films effectively and efficiently. Women occupy all role in newsroom: The media must recognise the achievements of
women. This will increase the morale and motivation of women and there sense of
belongingness will eventually increase. It is recommended to the media to covers the
achievements of females. This step will help in removing the gender inequality from the
organisation.
 Create pay equality: While some aspects of gender inequality can be abstract and
difficult to quantify, the gender pay gap is a pointer to inequalities taking place in the
media (Conor, Gill and Taylor, 2015). But the media is far from being the only industry
to undervalue its female employees – according to the OECD, the disparity exists in most
developed nations and across industries. It is recommended to the management to create
equal pay opportunities for the women.
27

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