Global Crime

Running Head: GLOBAL CRIME
Global Crime
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Author Note

1GLOBAL CRIME
In this world there are several people, who are enforced to be in the crime called human
trafficking and smuggling. As said by many people, slavery existed from the past but nowadays
slavery has a different meaning. These criminal activities have involved many people forcefully
in various kinds of activities like sex act or smuggling. These crimes are seen throughout the
world but it cannot be excluded just from one state. In order to eradicate these crimes, there is a
clear way to get a proper solution. The essay throws light upon the crime of human trafficking
and smuggling in the light of various theories of globalization. The paper sets out the differences
between both the crimes and analyzes which one of the two is more unethical. The thesis
statement of the essay is that Human Trafficking is more unethical as compared to smuggling.
The term human trafficking is explained as the trading business of human beings for the
use of sexual slavery, sexual exploitation in a commercial way, forcefully making laborers work
for money matters. This also includes spouse in the reference to marriage that is forcefully done.
It also includes extraction or removal of organs or body parts and selling them to make money.
Human trafficking is a criminal method against any individual as the right of movement of the
victim is violated as they are commercially exploited. This crime is practiced in many countries
and it is the business of torturing children and women for the commercial use for money matters
(Cho, Dreher and Neumayer2013).
Human trafficking is said to be one of the rapidly growing activities of international
criminal organizations. According to international conventions, the activity of human trafficking
is said to be condemned as it violates the rights of the human. According to United Nations,
human trafficking might occur at the domestic level but it has its international consequences.
There are several protocols to prevent human trafficking, especially for women and children.
There was an international agreement made under United Nation Convention against

2GLOBAL CRIME
Transnational Organized Centre that came into force on the date of 25th of December 2003. This
Trafficking Protocol is the first protocol which is the legal mechanism on trafficking and is the
only one to agree on the definition of trafficking. It facilitates the international cooperation to
investigate and prosecute such trafficking (Larsen and Renshaw 2012). There is another protocol
to protect and help the victims of human trafficking and to look after them with full respect for
their rights as mentioned in Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This Trafficking Protocol
consists of 173 parties that define human trafficking as the transfer or recruitment of person to
use them for threat or to use them forcefully in the other forms of fraud, using them in making
money illegally and exploit them while working. The child in human trafficking means any
person who is under the age of 18 years.
The annual profit in this human trafficking business on and around is $150 as estimated
by International Labor Organization in 2014.There are several protection protocols brought out
to prevent human trafficking like United Nations Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking,
International Labor Organizations, and United Nations Children’s Fund and there are several
other organizations to help out the victims of human trafficking (Wyatt 2016).
Smuggling is considered as the illegal transportation of substances, people, information
or objects. Such things happen in a prison or out of the house, or in international borders.
Smuggling is done to violate the applicable laws or the other regulations. There can be several
motivations for smuggling. It includes a trade of illegal weapons, tax evasion, drug trade, trading
of exotic wildlife. There are other products that are the part of smuggling that includes drugs,
cigarettes, and several others. Smuggling can be based on exporting goods illegally. Food items
like grains, tea, spirits, and wine are also exported illegally as they carry heavy duty charge and

3GLOBAL CRIME
the profits gained by the smugglers are very high. There were also smuggling of consumer goods
and petrol from other neighboring countries as economic sanctions were imposed.
There are various types of smuggling which smugglers indulge into. There is smuggling
that occurs because of merchants that supply the demands for goods or services that are heavily
taxed or illegal. It includes trafficking of drugs, illegal trading or smuggling of weapons, alcohol,
tobacco, and staples of smuggling. There is a risk for the smugglers to be caught and pay the
penalties imposed on them. The profits that are involved in these goods are way too extensive.
The Iron Law of Prohibition explains that the enforcement of heavy duty taxes results in regular
smuggling of alcohol and drugs. There are certain profits that are gained from avoiding levies or
taxes on the goods that are imported. It has been noted that if smuggling of one whole truck of
cigarettes is done in the United States then the profit can lead to US$2 million. In order to
explain people smuggling, there is the difference between illegal trafficking of people and people
smuggling as their service to help the people to migrate. There was an estimation made that 90%
of the population have illegally paid the smugglers to cross the border that is between the United
States and Mexico. This type of smuggling can be used to rescue an individual from the cruel
environment. Wild life smuggling is a type of smuggling which demands the natural and exotic
species for trading purposes. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Flora and Fauna has regulated the movement of these exotic and endangered species across
the geographical borders.
Smuggling is an import-export business of economic activity. It has not enhanced any
sector of the government and social welfare but it has diverted the resources to the private sector
from the government sector.