Global Tourism Destination

This article discusses the growth of global tourism, including key factors and emerging destinations. It explores the future predictions and strategies for development, as well as the roles of international organizations. The article also highlights the challenges and issues faced in the future development of global tourism.

Global Tourism Destination

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Growth of key global tourism.....................................................................................................6
Range of Emerging Global Tourism Destinations......................................................................7
Future prediction and forecast.....................................................................................................9
Strategies for development........................................................................................................10
Roles and responsibilities of International Organization..........................................................11
Global tourism is affected by the various trends such as Threats, issues and challenges to the
future development of global tourism which are discussed below: .........................................12
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Global tourism refers to the tourism across the world. The globalization has made the
tourism a popular leisure activity which is to be placed in the any part of the world. The tourism
contributes a huge amount in the economy of the country. The online trend is growing more in
this sector as more and more consumers are attracted towards the destination travel for the leisure
time and enjoyment.
In the above study includes the interpretation of statistics for accurate presentation of
nature and trends of global tourism. Analysing the key characteristics of tourist generating and
receiving from other areas of world. The study carried forward with the determination of specific
reasons for growth of global tourism for generating and receiving areas of world. Comparing the
difference between emerging global tourism and destination in relation to stages of destination
and different factors for driving the growth. Investigating role and responsibilities of
international organization in the development of global tourism. The report ends with the
different significance of various threats, challenges and issues which are faced for the future
development of global tourism.
The statical data used to represent the research on the emerging global tourism trends which can
evaluate the ideas of the generation of the tourism in the work environment.
From the above generated data source- International Passenger survey(IPS), GTBS, GB Day visit
survey. It can be calculated that the net capital was around £99,449 million. Which created an
employment opportunity for many of the locals in UK. the net per capita income in year 2015
was around £1,841,648million which gave the employment opportunities for many of the locals
living in UK (Cornelissen, 2017). The surveys gives the statistic flow of the data around UK. In
year 2015. which is generated to improvise the net generation of the £127.4 billion which is a
huge sum of amount which has created many employment opportunities for many of the locals.
This reveals the approximate value generation of the revenue for UK. Which gave rise for the
direct employment to the workers living in UK. Trends generated with the emerging concept of
the nature of tourism tourists are more likely to travel solo, some of the travellers are for the
research and development. Some of the travellers travel for leisure tourism and for local
experiences.
3

This graphical representation gives the evaluation of the data of inflow of the customers and the
revenue generation which is around 36.0 million visitors which came to around maximum recent
years which was due to the change in trends of the world. As expenditure of the capital from the
tourist was around £22.0 billion in year 2015. With around the year 2018 over 15 million trips
were made which added the value of the tourists which adds up the revenue generation of the UK
through tourism. This includes local as well as national tourists which adds value to the global
tourism. South east UK is the mostly visited place which includes places like Winchester, Dover,
Brighton, Southampton which are places of natural attraction and lifestyle which attracts many of
the customers these are the port cities which attracts many of the tourists. Expenditure on the
tourism has made a substantial rise in the GDP of UK. This rise has developed the employment
opportunities for many of the locals (Wu, 2016).
4

With the national and international market across the world which has changed for the
development of the market trends as the trends changes with respect to time like solo travel give
rise to many change in trends of the travellers. Some of them travel for the local experiences. Eco
travel with the trend in travel and tourism there are many Eco travellers this comprises of
travelling in the carbon credits. Which can be used to generate revenue for the tourism market.
Through air passenger duty revenue generation of the UK was around £3.3 billion. There was
around 2.9 million visas generated to UK ( Sardak, 2016). As the advancement of technology and
the support of the government in London number of tourists have visited has increased the
change in innovation has emerged the concept of tourism.
Characteristics of key tourists generation can be advancement in the various features which
offers the greater accessibility to the tourists which can develop more customers and bring about
the expansion for the tourists.
As the London is a famous for the generation of various natural trends it reflects royalty
and many other services like it is also known as fashion capital of the world. As a natural
attraction of the world it provides the ways to generate many of the tourism approaches which
give rise to the generation of tourism. As London is the tourist attraction destination where many
of the tourists travel around the world due to many natural and archaeological beauty. (Wallace
and Riley, 2015).
Tourism generating areas:
Tourism generating areas are considered as those which influences interest of customers
and attracts them on the basis of demographics, geographical and economical factors. This are
considered as the areas that are where the trip of tourists begins. For example the places like
historical landmarks and other places that are effective with tourists are considered as Tourism
Generating areas. The first example of this is Tajmahal in India, this historical monument
directly becomes centre of attraction for customers which not only attracts customers but also
attracts international tourist.
The second example taken of tourism generating areas is Birmingham Palace in UK can
be consider as another tourism generating areas. Royal ambience of this place becomes centre of
attraction for the tourist which increases visiting figures of this place.
5

The another example taken from the same zone is Georgia Aquarium. The place is seen
as the home for huge range of species and featuring 100000 animals. These are main attraction
for the tourist across the world which also influences their interest to visit it again and again.
Tourism receiving areas:
Tourism receiving areas are considered as the conditions which is related to environment,
culture and climatic factor that supports destinations in receiving tourism effectively. It can be
said that these factors influences interest of customers and attracts them to visit the place. The
first example taken from the same is High Force, Durgham an attractive waterfall of England,
UK. Climatic condition of this is very soothing which attracts tourists interest and influences
them to visit it again and again. The second example taken for understanding tourism receiving
area Barafundle Bay, a Greek Island that is enclosed by green environment which is highly
beautiful which directly attracts tourist.
Seasonal Rate Fluctuation- There are local and international tourists which offers the concession
in stays and many other facilities offered by the country to the tourists which can provide a safer
tour culture and increases the efficiency of the tourists.
Many of the tourists are attracted by the demographical factors through which many of
the tourists are affected by the work and the culture of particular places, some are attracted by the
lifestyle which the locals live and the work they do, culture and rituals they performed are
facilitate by the tourists. Tourists are attracted by the environmental conditions offered by the
tourists. There are different factors can affect the tourism of a particular site and these factors
are- Transportation limitation, accommodation, accessibility, environmental factors, and other
adverse factors like safety and security measures. This factors can affect the tourism of particular
places.
Growth of key global tourism
Key factors for the growth and development of the tourism in UK are:
1. various travellers are influenced as per the geographical appeal of London as London is a
place of attraction of the world which covers the many natural places of attraction like
places nearby London has many coastal beaches, resorts and many places of natural
beauty of sightseeing like historical monuments, museums and churches which are centre
of attraction. In other countries like India have attractive tourism places like historical
6

structures and cultural areas that are strange for people from other countries. There are
some other locations like in Australia main attraction for tourists are Beaches and
structural landmarks.
2. There are many tourist destinations like King Albert Hall, Buckingham Palace which
attracts tourists all around the world. In India places like historical forts and places like
Tajmahal are famous for tourism
3. Many natural park and wildlife scanty are the places of natural beauty.
4. Many innovations and technical advancement have made tourists of attraction like
London eye. Which attracts many tourists.
5. Natural beauty and climatic conditions attract tourists from ends of the world. There are
different biological parks in India which can attract more tourist to the country.
There are many tourists which travel to learn about various cultures and beliefs which can
be done in order to know and enhance various cultures and lifestyles (Becken and Miller, 2016).
There are many cities which are attraction of historical beliefs and tourism which people travels.
There are many places in UK which reflects old traditions and customs which are of greater
importance for many travellers. Customs and traditions are learned in various parts of the world
which enhances the culture and ways of expanding it. There are many places in UK which have
great architect which are of greater beliefs and monuments of national importance like museums,
halls, churches which are of greater importance.
The 4 A's of Destinations are known as Attraction, Amenities, Access and Ancillary.
These factors are considered by tourists while selecting the location for their holiday trip.
Attraction- This are the most important part of tourism. People get attracted to these places and
plan their visit to these places. The factors of attraction are Culture values, historical places and
natural beauty.
Amenities- This are known as the basic facilities that are available on the particular places. This
could be of two types natural and man made. Natural amenities are beaches, sea bathing, fishing
possibility and opportunities of tracking. The man made amenities are types of entertainment,
Access- IT can be consider as the way how the tourists are can reach to the selected tourism
destination. If it is difficult then it will reduce the tourism of the particular place. This mainly
includes the ways of transportation.
7

Accommodation- Accommodation is known as the basic facility to stay at a place. If these
facility of particular place is good then it can help to develop more tourism.
Range of Emerging Global Tourism Destinations
There are many destinations are emerging around the world. Some of tourism destinations
in UK are developing with time (Holden, 2016). There are different factors that drives the growth
and development of particular destination (Kubickova and Li, 2017). To understand this process
Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) can be used. According to this concept the growth of tourism
destination can be classified in five different stages which are- Exploration, involvement,
development, consideration, stagnation and rejuvenation or decline. This model is explaining
different stages of tourism developmemnt process that are followed by various organizations to
enhance the particular area on the international level.
Exploration
This is the initial stage of development where the area is very small and facilities
available at the place are very limited. There are only few people get attracted to those place. The
income from tourist is very low (Sharpley, 2018.). The York city in UK is a place which was not
developed as the tourism spot it is different from the Leeds which was famous from the time of
establishment. Leeds is famous for its historical and modern developed architecture.
Involvement
In this stage by the support of local people and by investment of local authority the
developed as tourism attraction and people start to come to this place in particular season. In the
base of involvement of people in development both York and Leeds gradually developed
(Medlik, 2016). To develop this places, extra facilities are provided for particular area.
Development
The both cities are considered by the national government as site of tourism. For each
place is considered for different scope of tourism (Medlik, 2016). As per their evaluation for
tourism, government can decide to promote these cities as tourism attraction. In this step
government particular place as emerging tourism destination. In order to develop better result
government, promote these places on the international level. For example countries like India and
Bhutan developing their tourism assets to improve tourism in their country. Government of India
8

is focusing on its historical landmark for development of tourism but Bhutan is focusing on
promotion of its natural habitat to get more tourists a year.
Consolidation
As the tourism reach to the peak level, it is not possible to improve the number of tourist
visits a day. As the York and Leeds developed as tourism attraction, visits of consumer become
constant and can not be improved more. For these stage government of India has launched many
campaigns to attract more tourists. Same type of movement is launched by government of Bhutan
to improve the number of visits in country.
Stagnation
With the time these spots of tourism will not be that much effective for tourists (Beirman,
Van Walbeek and Jones, 2015). York and Leeds can face fall in tourist numbers. This stage
depended on the thinking of tourists. To get rid of these situation tourism organization make
changes in basic facilities to provide better condition of tourism to the tourists to make their mind
to visit the different locations ion country. The approach used by India and Bhutan are similar in
this condition.
Rejuvenation or Decline
There are two possibilities for York and Leeds now. By making investment, image of
these places can be rebuilt again or they can be further fade in history. For example government
of India is investing in the reconstruction of its tourism destination to create more places for
tourism. In Bhutan government is focusing on developing accommodation facility to attract more
tourist in the particular destination and for these they are inviting people from hospitality to
develop sustainable accommodation facility.
There are different factors that can drive the success of tourism destination like Leeds and
York. The factors that can drive the growth of tourism place are- culture, historical structures,
environment and safety. Culture is main attraction for tourism. The local culture of these
locations can attract people from other countries (Sharpley, 2018.). This can help to improve
number of tourist a day. The environment is also an important factor in tourism. Better
environment natural diversity can attract the people to make visit to a particular place. Tourists
also consider safety as major concern. Their safety comes first in planning of a tour. The cultural
9

diversity of York and Leeds is good and these places have unique culture that can help the
country to develop these places as tourism hub. This is how different factors can help the country
to improve tourism.
Future prediction and forecast
For the future prediction with the technological changes which are taken up by the
government of UK. As the profit generation of the UK through tourism is expanding and creating
an awareness in the global world which creates the tourism expansion. As for the environmental
consideration the expansion of the tourism is rapid with the increase in pace of the work.
Improvement of the quality can improve the various facilities which can create awareness in the
people. With the change in trends and the travel interest there will be a substantial growth in the
touring culture. Which needs to be provide with the better physical environment from which can
create a value in global tourism rating. For the natural environmental conditions of UK there are
many places to visit in the months of November to February which attracts more of customers
due its natural beauty. London is also known as fashion capital of the world which attracts many
tourists because of change in fashion trends many of the tourists travel for the enhancement of
the lifestyle.
Strategies for development
In order to increase the tourism the organization can employ various strategies which will
eventually increase their revenue and thus the profitability ratio. The first strategy includes
applying the storytelling on the social media in which the organization can communicate their
brand message among the wider audience by narrating the story of their success and the various
milestone achieved by them. This will eventually engage more and more consumers and will
compel them to visit. Another strategy which the organizations can use for enhancing the
number of visitors is that the company can provide an unforgettable experience to their visitors
by integrating the new technologies like augmented reality and thus making innovation which
will differentiate them form, the competitors. For example reality game through which uses GPS
to locate the various creatures and thus will help tourist to know their location in the real time.
Another important strategy that will help the organizations to enhance the tourism is that they can
optimize their website and thus provides various services to their visitors. Through this, the
visitors will engage more and more and thus will visit frequently.
10

ways governed by the government of London to attract the tourism are explained below:
Improving infrastructure: Government must take initiative to improve the focus on many of the
infrastructure facilities and must work on the focus towards various places of national importance
like national monuments, beaches, parks which are focus of tourists. A focus on repair and
maintenance various improvements novelties attraction must be improved which adds the access
of revenue generation. Development and suitability of theme parks, carnival parks and museums
must be sustained to improve the ethnicity of UK. Awareness towards natural places like wildlife
century, forts, castle and various landmarks must be sustained. Infrastructure must be improved
in order to improve the quality of the work. Infrastructure must be provided which can be used to
generate the better sense of facilitation within the customers which can help in improving the
efficiency of the tourism (Knežević Cvelbar and et.al., 2016).
Quality service- Quality of the service must be improved to attract the tourists which can be used
to generate various services. Various ethical services needs to be improved which needs to be
addressed the quality of service. Ethical services includes the legal rights which must be given to
tourists for the generation of the a good culture. Resolving the problems offered by the tourists
which can help them with safe environment.
Roles and responsibilities of International Organization
In the global tourism industries various famous international organization are includes.
Those are promoting the tourism at high level. The roles and responsibilities of those
organizations are helpful for enhancing the growth of the tourism at global level. The very first
internation organization is UNWTO, United Nation World Travel Organization (Lenzen, 2018).
This organization is responsible for sustainability and promotion of the tourism. The major role
and responsibilities of this organization is promoting and developing global tourism for the
development of economy, for peace and international understanding and universal respect.
UNWTO, also participating in the growth of tourism industry, and they also design signifiant
strategies by which they can enhance tourism at all level (Li and et.al., 2017). UNWTO is also
responsible for the implementation of Global Code of Ethics for Tourism, by this strategy of
UNWTO, they minimize or reduce the negative impact on the socio- economic. The organization
also reduce the poverty and foster sustainability by the MDGs. UNWTO, also give the protection
those properties which are unique and also, promote those place which are tourist will like.
11

The another international organization is PATA, Pacific Asia Travel Association, and it is
found in 1951. The founder of this organization is Lorrin Thurston. The major roles and
responsibilities of PATA is developing, promoting and facilitating travel. PATA is improved or
design ever- increasing feeling for travelling. PATA, conduct conference by which they analysis
the progress of their idea and planning for tourism. The main role of PATA is creating or
developing Asia Pacific big sector of tourism. They are try to adopt new ideas and concept for
improving the tourism sector of Asia Pacific (Bu and et.al., 2019). For enhance the tourism in
country, they are make strategies by which they reduce obstacles which are come forward at the
time of travel such as visas problem, language barriers, transportation problem so, the PATA try
to solve all those barriers which are come forward in the travelling time. PATA management also
focus, local tourism destination, as per this concept PATA improve the local destination into the
tourist places by addition in them some quality standards (Beirman, Van Walbeek and Jones,
2015). With the help of these types of changes and innovation the tourist rate of country will
improve and also enhance the growth and profitability of the country. Country economically
become stronger.
The main role of multinational tourism provider is to provide better tourism opportunity to the
people by informing, people about the emerging destination and provide better deals to the tourist
to enhance experience of tourists. They also provide different facilities and services to national
and international clients.
Global tourism is affected by the various trends such as Threats, issues and challenges to the
future development of global tourism which are discussed below:
Economic trends: The very first issue and challenge which are face by the tourism industry is
the economic trends. As per the changes in aviation services, fuel cost, cost of living are
impacted the tourism (Beirman, Van Walbeek and Jones, 2015). Because do not want to spend
high amount on the travel services. Also, the changes in living standard and the currency will
reduce the interest of travel of an individual. This factors can make tourism costlier for tourist
and it will reduce the tourism for particular location. The countries like Greece which are facing
economic crisis are not capable to provide better condition of tourism to the tourists.
12

Political trends: The another threat and issue for the travel industry is the changes in the
political condition. Because political condition every country impact all the business of country
(Beirman, Van Walbeek and Jones, 2015). Such as entry and exit policy, tariffs, terrorism are
become major threat of the travel industry. People feel danger at the time of travel. The conflicts
between the government can prevent the people to reach to specific destination. For example the
political issues like protesting and violent rights due to government issues can affect the
conditions in the country. For example political issues in iran and other country can affect its
tourism on national and international level.
Environmental trends: Changes in the environment like change in the climate, environment
damages such as flood, earthquake etc. are become hurdle in the travel industry. Because tourist
wants their safety and those activities are not in control (Beirman, Van Walbeek and Jones,
2015). Sometime any type of disease are also become the major reason behind reduce the ratio of
travel. The natural disasters can affect the tourist and prevent them to reach various locations
Social trends: Social trends are become issue in the tours and travel industry. Because in the
society various types of changes are come and no one can control them. The major thing in social
trend is technologies and fashion (Bratić and et.al., 2017). Tourist are highly attracted by the
technologies and factors, and those factors are also changed the interest of the tourist. Just
because of tourist like to go on beaches, some time at historical places so it is completely
depending on the fashion and current trends of the society. The issues can affect the people who
are related to these issues. These are some countries that have some social issues like less
education and less development. This issues can affect the possibility by making people of
country less aware of scope and benefits of tourism. This can reduce the tourism in country.
Technological trends: Technological trends are also challenging and threaten for the tourist
industry. Nowadays, people will get enough information about the destination and explore almost
complete detail about place (Zhang and et.al., 2018). But some people who have criminal
mindset can use those detail for some another purpose which can be harmful for the travel
industries. By suing the technologies people can also try to harm tourist places some religion or
any other issue. So, these are future threats, issues and challenges which are face by the travel
industry in the present or future aspect (Beirman, Van Walbeek and Jones, 2015). These
13

challenges and issues are also impacted the growth of travel industries. Technological limitation
can affect the promotion of the particular location in country. For example there are some
countries in Africa possessing less technological development so they are not able to promote
their locations of tourism to generate more revenue from it.
CONCLUSION
From the bases of above study it has been included the global travel industry. In this
study it has been included statistical data to know about the nature and trends of tourism at the
global level. In this study has been included different characteristics of tourist areas in the world.
This complete industry is on the tourism and in this has been concluded growth tourism area and
also included the difference between emerging global tourism in which includes the life cycles,
factors which are important for growth etc. Also, in this study it has been describe roles and
responsibilities of different organization such as UNWTO or PATA. And also discuss the threats,
issues and challenges of global tourism at per different trends such as economic, political, social
etc. From the bases of above study it has been understood that condition and situation of tourism
industry and also know about the various sectors which are promoting tourism industries at
different level and support the economic condition of the country.
14

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Sardak, S., 2016. Global innovations in tourism.
Becken, S. and Miller, G., 2016. Global Sustainable Tourism Dashboard. Griffith University..
Beirman, D., Van Walbeek, B. and Jones, A., 2015. The PATA Nepal Tourism Rapid Recovery
Taskforce Report and Recommendations.
Bratić, I and et.al., 2017, January. The Development of Quality in Torism through a Noble
Hospitality. In 18. međunarodni simpozij o kvaliteti Kvaliteta kao strategija.
Bu, N and et.al., 2019. The 12th UNWTO/PATA forum on tourism trends and outlook.
Anatolia. 30(1). pp.146-148.
Cheer, J.M. and Lew, A.A., 2017. Sustainable tourism development: Towards resilience in
tourism. Interaction, 45(1), p.10.
Cornelissen, S., 2017. The global tourism system: Governance, development and lessons from
South Africa. Routledge.
Holden, A., 2016. Environment and tourism. Routledge.
Knežević Cvelbar and et.al., 2016. Drivers of destination competitiveness in tourism: a global
investigation. Journal of Travel Research, 55(8), pp.1041-1050.
Kubickova, M. and Li, H., 2017. Tourism competitiveness, government and tourism area life
cycle (TALC) model: the evaluation of Costa Rica, Guatemala and
Honduras. International Journal of Tourism Research. 19(2). pp.223-234.
Lenzen, M 2018. The carbon footprint of global tourism. Nature Climate Change, 8(6). p.522.
Li, Y and et.al., 2017. The concept of smart tourism in the context of tourism information
services. Tourism Management. 58. pp.293-300.
Medlik, S. ed., 2016. Managing tourism. Elsevier.
Salvioni, D., 2016. Hotel Chains and the Sharing Economy in Global Tourism. SYMPHONYA
Emerging Issues in Management, (1).
Sharpley, R., 2018. Tourism, tourists and society. Routledge.
Wallace, S. and Riley, S., 2015. Tourism 2025: an industry perspective. Journal of Tourism
Futures.
Wu, C.W., 2016. Destination loyalty modeling of the global tourism. Journal of Business
Research, 69(6), pp.2213-2219.
Zhang, T.H and et.al., 2018. Application of Classification Algorithm of Machine Learning and
Buffer Analysis in Torism Regional Planning. International Archives of the
Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 42. p.3.
Online
Source: Butler's Tourism Area Life Cycle, 2019. [Online]. Available
Through.<https://sites.google.com/site/5startctl1088/blackpool/butler-s-tourism-area-
life-cycle>
Source: statics source for tourism in UK,
2015[Online]<https://www.statista.com/topics/3269/travel-and-tourism-in-the-united-
kingdom-uk/>
15