Greek Civilisation: Military Strategies, Philosophies, and Art

Running Head: GREEK CIVILISATION
GREEK CIVILISATION
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1GREEK CIVILISATION
1. In what ways were the military strategies of PHILIP II variations on older forms of
hoplite warfare?
Philip had spent the early phases of his life as a captive in Thebes, where he learnt
plenty of military tricks, under the guidance of Epaminondas. There he learnt fragmented
military strategies which he had applied to bring a huge variation in the hoplite warfare
(Sourcebooks.fordham.edu, 2019).
It is true that Philip was greatly benefited from these teachings. once he ascended the
throne of Macedonia he decided to reconstruct the old semi-Barbaric Macedonian army and
bring variations on older forms of hoplite warfare (Sourcebooks.fordham.edu, 2019).
2. How did the rise of mercenary armies and of Thebes further change military strategies
in the fourth century?
From the Bronze Age conquest of Troy to the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC, Greek
military strategies had gone through multiple changes. The rise of mercenary armies and of
Thebes can be attributed to the implementation of new medieval war strategies like
decentralisation of the large army and usage of modern equipment in the fourth century.
Thus, mercenary armies had built the pillars of their successes by learning from their failures
(Fod.infobase.com.library.esc.edu, 2019).
3. How did the philosophies of PLATO and ARISTOTLE respond to the crisis of the
polis?
Plato and Aristotle looked at the crisis of the polis through the prism of philosophy.
The philosophies of Plato and Aristotle which gave birth to the concept of ‘Real truth’ and
‘Noble truth’ were used to explain the crisis of polis. According to Plato, the concept of
‘Noble truth’ should be used for the establishment of ‘Real truth’. According to Plato a
peaceful world above as well as beyond the world perceived by us could only be established
if we would grasp the concept of the ‘Good’, ‘Real truth’ as well ‘Noble truth’.

2GREEK CIVILISATION
4. To what degree did the conquests of ALEXANDER THE GREAT unite Mesopotamia,
Egypt, and Greece?
The degree of uniting Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Greece can be realised by the
formation of the culturally diverse army by ALEXANDER THE GREAT. He exemplified
Homeric heroes who were wealthy had modern arm and training and gathered people from
Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Greece, trained them. The degree of unity was evident from the
cooperation and devotion of the army. Their commanding presence on the war field gave the
assurance of the success of the Macedonians (Schoff, 1912).
5.Why and how did the three HELLENISTIC KINGDOMS emerge?
The Hellenistic World refers to the generation of the culture as well as civilisation of
Greece through the Mediterranean as well as Asia Minor after the death of Alexander in
323 BC. This is how Hellenistic Kingdom emerge.
The reason behind the emergence of Hellenistic Kingdom can be found from the
generals Ptolemy, Antigone, Parmenion, Cassander, and engagement of Seleucus in the
struggle to form personal kingdoms from Alexander's empire (Lerner, Meacham & Burns,
1998).
6. How were the AETOLIAN AND ACHAEAN LEAGUES new models for governance
and cooperation in Greece? -72
Aetolian and Achaean Leagues new models for governance and cooperation in Greece
formulated some goals. They are: 1) to maintain a common peace in Greece and 2) to avenge
the Persian aggression against the Greeks. The alliance council was empowered to pass
decress binding on member states, to arbitrate disputes between them, and to try individuals
accused of treason (Lerner, Meacham & Burns, 1998).
.