Grief Theories: Understanding the Different Approaches to Coping with Loss

Running head: GRIEF THEORIES
Grief Theories
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1GRIEF THEORIES
Grief Theories
The following paper discusses the five different theories of grief with an emphasis on
the respective underpinnings of each theory. The grief theories highlight the outcomes of
individual as well as family in response to grief and how they are adapted to grieving
circumstances.
Stages and phases
According to John Bowlby’s theory of attachment, bereavement is considered as the
basis of human grief. His theory suggests that humans have a common tendency to develop
strong affectional bonding through long term relationships starting since infancy till end of
life. He suggests that attachment is developed as a reciprocal relation; separation form such
longing relations leads to developing grief as the universal response (Holmes, 2014). The
sudden death of a loved one results in grievance as an orderly response; initial shocking news
results intense grief, feeling of isolation, loneliness and anger (The Centre for the Grief
Journey, 2017). The affected person expresses grief in the form of guilt and anger;
suppression of these feelings causes irritability and physical tension which manifests in fear
and insecurity; sometimes can even lead to panic attacks disrupting normal living. The
counsellor views these individuals with no biasness.
Tasks for the bereaved
William Worden described grief as a process, suggesting that people make complete
adjustments through controlling their reaction responses. According to Worden, grief is
considered to be composed of four tasks which overlap together and require the bereaved
person to go through emotional loss and pain (Worden, 1991). The bereaved person
simultaneously adjusts to these changes and circumstances. The theory suggests that the tasks