Health and safety at work.

Health and safety at work

Project 1
Health and safety legislation, regulations, codes of practice and standards in the PCBU
state apply to them
Some rules and regulation are practised in the workshop like The Provision and Use of Work
Equipment Regulation 1998. This code is practised as to provide an appropriate tool for the
work and provide a reasonable safeguard to prevent from any risk in the mechanic’s workshop.
The Management of Health And Safety at work regulation 1999. This legislation is practised
to take appropriate action plans to reduce the risk factor in mechanic’s workshop.
Some codes of practice that are related in the workshops are like providing different colour
codes(RED, ORANGE And GREEN) to the different types of technicians in mechanic’s
workshop (Conchie, 2013).
All the tools are marked with the level of risk hazard in mechanic’s workshop.
Duties and obligation of the PUCB, officer, and worker
According to the Work Health and Safety (WHS) Act, an officer must exercise due alertness to
ensure that Person Conducting a Business or Undertaking is flexible with their duties.
According to the WHS Act, the officer has some responsibilities.
These responsibilities are:
● Acquire and update the knowledge of Work Health and Safety.
● Use appropriate resources and process to eliminate or minimize the risk of hazard.
● Understand the nature of the operation of the business operation and collect the
information about risk and hazard regarding the operation.
● Verify the risk and hazard so that they are properly controlled.
Duties of the PCBU:
● Try to maintain a safe work environment.
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● Provide a safe plant and structure and also maintain it.
● Provide training, instruction and information supervision (McCaughey, DelliFraine,
McGhan, & Bruning, 2013).
The area in which they need legal advice
There is some area in the workshop in which there is a requirement of legal advice.
As we consider the safety of labour, then we have to follow some of the rules set by the
government. For the safety law, we have to follow the Safety, Health and Welfare Act, 2005.
Not all the machine can be implemented in each and every industry. Here also we need legal
advice, to confirm that what types of machine are implemented in which types of industry(small,
big organization) (Gyekye, & Salminen, 2009). There is some policy to appoint to the worker for
specific work because several types of machine are available in the industry. So the worker has
particular certificates and experiences to operate a machine. There is also some set of regulation
for the waste management which each and every industry have to follow.
Power and function of the health and safety regulator
According to the model of the WHS Act, the power and function given to the regulator are :
● Giving recommendation or advice to the concerned minister and reporting on the
operation of the model WHS Act.
● Collect the statics, analyzing and publishing them.
● Promoting education and training.
● Giving information or advice on work and safety to the duty holder.
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● Advancing a consultive and cooperative relationship between the duty holder and the
person to whom they incur duties (Chin et al., 2010).
Things that happen if we fail to follow health and safety legislation
Norms are made so that all the process work in a smooth manner. If we fail to follow the health
and safety regulation then you have to pay huge fines and even imprisonment.
To check whether the worker follows the health and safety rules, we have to provide guidelines
to the worker( Conchie, 2013).
Training for worker and officer to ensure health and safety legislation
There is a requirement of training for the officer and worker to ensure health and safety
regulation for the employees. Under the Act of OHS in Australia, there is some set of training
which officer and worker should go through that for working in the workshop.
These trainings are as follows:
● Do the first aid training.
● Crane operator training.
● Forklift driver training.
● Safety representative training.
● Safety representative training.
● Work coordinator training.
● Confined space entry training.
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● Hazardous safety training.
● OHS audit (Christian, Bradley, Wallace, & Burke, 2009).
Health and safety policy
Some of the following recommendations given are
● Achievement of work by safe methods must always take over any deadline.
● Appropriate clothes like safety footwear along with hand gloves must be used
during work. Loose clothing like ties, chains, etc is not allowed during the work.
long hair must be tied back or covered.
● Appropriate tools, personal protective equipment should be used during the work.
-- first aid box should be placed in the working areas.
--each and every employee have the knowledge, how to use fire extinguishers.
● New work or process which involves the use of hazardous or harmful substance
not be started unless an Australian Dangerous Goods Court Act, would measure
the risk.
● Food and drinks are not allowed to bring in the working area (Füllemann, 2015).
● All the machine have a colour sticker which gives ideas about the risk inherent to
it.
Green colour shows the sign of low risk (use only after the proper training)
Yellow colour shows the sign of low risk (use only after permission granted)
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Blue colour indicates about medium risk factor (use only after the proper training
and under the supervision of your head)
Red colour shows the sign of high risk (only allowed to use by the approved
employ) (James, Nelson, Davis, Cooper, & Monger, 2009).
● Try to maintain the workshop warm, as low temperature increases the risk of the
accident.
-- give sufficient ventilation especially in the welding, spray painting, glass
blowing, and some other process (Kim, Pettersen, & Bullard, 2009).
● Always put the waste in located areas, so that it reduces the risk of the accident.
● Access to emergency equipment must be free from any obstruction.
● Always keep all the fire escape routes clear.
Set of procedure that applies to comply with legislation to set up the workshop
Some set of codes are accomplished by the government to set up the workshop by Safe Work
Australia with the consultation of Commonwealth, state and territory government, union and
employer organization.
Some set of rules which must be followed by the workshop are:
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● The Work Health And Safety Act 2011 (WHS act).
● The Work Health And Safety(Transitional and Consequential Provision) Act, 2011.
● The Work Health And Safety Regulation 2011( The WHS Regulation)
● The Legislative Instruments Act 2003 and the regulations made under the Act.
● Occupational Health And Safety code of practice 2008 (Niu, 2010).
The above mentions rule should implement in the workshop to work safely. It is with the help of
these set of procedures, safety can be ensured in the workshop. It would help in effective
identification of hazard, its reporting and minimizing instance of accidents and potential harm.
These rules bind the workshop to work in efficient and reproductive ways. These rules require
proper management which can take care of the safety and hazardous of the worker.
Project 2
Executive summary
This section has dealt with the many problems that arise during the workshop during the work.
The points that have been discussed are, identification of hazards and its effective management
in mechanic workshop.
Introduction
This section will deal with the many problems that arises during the workshop during the work.
Some of the points that should be remember during the work are to be cautious about pointed
machine, cautions about the naked wide, do not come in the workshop without helmet.
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Main body
How you would apply the SAFER approach to hazard management
Person Conducting a Bussiness or undertaking one of the main responsibilities is confirming that
no one's health and safety bring at risk by what the work is going on in your workplace or what
your worker does.
This added everyone who does work for you either full time, casual basis or part-time, labour
worker, trainees or apprentices, contractor, volunteer and student who is participating for the
school-based work experience programme.
The worker also has responsibilities to take care of own safety and also confirm that they do not
impact on the health and safety of their co-fellow worker, visitor, and customer. They must
follow given instruction and also cooperate with other workers to maintain the health and safety
policies that are set by the government (Wardekker, De Jong, & Van der Sluijs, 2009).
See it
Some of the hazards related to the workshop of mechanics are moving vehicle and tyres
exploding during inflation, falling of vehicle from hoists or jacks, harmful effects of fumes from
the paints and solvent, exposure to asbestos fibres, spray paint and powder coating (Kim,
Pettersen, & Bullard, 2009). Some of the statics shows that worker who is working under the
fumes of spray paint and powder, exposure of asbestos fibre are at the risk of a muscle stress
injury to their knee back and shoulder. A few fumes that they inhale also fall under the risk of
lungs problems (Bouwmeester et al., 2018).
In many places, new workers, trainees, students, apprentices are working, they are at high risk of
injury or death due to some reason like- they have very less work experience, immature, and lack
of awareness (Warheit, Borm, Hennes, & Lademann, 2009).
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We can reduce the risk of hazards by simply seeing some of the things.
As we take the case when the worker uses the welding machine and leave it on after the work.
As the welding machine is potentially hazardous, so take care of the machine before and after the
use to reduce the accident cases. Now, if we see it at the right time then we can reduce the
chance of an accident (Füllemann, 2015).
Sometimes we have found the naked and damaged wire in the working area. This also put make
worker at high risk of damage or even death. These things can be reduced by regular check up
the working areas.
Slips and trips cases- This is the second major reason for injury in the working areas.
Some of the common reason due to which this can happen as poor lighting. Many times the
worker is working under the poor lightning due to which they cannot able to some minor things
and falls or hit by something (James, Nelson, Davis, Cooper, & Monger, 2009).
Sometimes, the worker is working with inadequate or improper footwear then also these types of
slipping injury happen.
Many times falling off here and there in the working area also may lead to slips and trips injury.
As in mechanic ’s workshop cars, bike and trucks are even park in some workplace many leads
to the chance of collision which results in injury. Those who work with it or near the vehicle are
at high risk (Sergeant, & Tucker, 2009).
In the machine workshop, there are many machines with a pointed end. So care must be taken
while working and do not leave it on after the use. If we properly care these things, the chance of
accident or risk reduces, many reduce.
Always be caution during the use of lubricants because many times if we fall little amount of
lubricants on the surface then surface become slippery and which makes work difficult in those
areas as there are chances of slip and fall on the machine many times which may lead to serious
injury or even death. So we have to see these things (Christian, Bradley, Wallace, & Burke,
2009).
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One more thing that should be kept in mind that we should regularly check the wiring of the
workshop. As many machines are present in the workshop which operates at different voltages.
Due to this many times, there are chances of the short circuit. This is a major hazard for the
workers and also for the industry (Carayon et al., 2015).
Assess it
If we access the above cases and try to calculate the level of hazards we found many things.
The issues of the short circuit are the major one because, via one mistake, it becomes a reason for
the hazard of many labour, worker and to the industry. With one spark it almost turns the
workshop into ashes (Gyekye, & Salminen, 2009).
In the case of naked and damaged wire the level of hazard comes in the second number because
when a worker in contact with the naked or damaged wire, they get an electric shock.
As the supply of voltage in the workshop is high, which makes serious injury to the workers and
even punishes with death?
The level of hazards related to the welding machine comes on the third number. Welding
machine also works on the high voltage. If some left the welding machine on after use and if
some workers come in contact with the welding machine then he or she might lose that body part
because welding machine releases a high amount of heat if it comes in contact with somethings
(Conchie, 2013).
Uses of lubricants case come at the fourth rank. Many time due to careless use of lubricants
many leads to the reason of slippery surface and worker or vehicles fall over them, which may
lead to the serious damage and sometimes permanent loose of some body parts.
Fix it
After analyzing all the issues its time to deal with it.
We can minimize the short circuit issue by regular checkup of wiring, and circuit board.
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Follow World Health and Saftey Regulation. Ensuring all the electric equipment selected for
work is safe or not (McCaughey, DelliFraine, McGhan, & Bruning, 2013).
Changes the wire if it is damaged and try to use insulated wire in the working areas.
Always wear gloves and a helmet when you are in the workshop area to minimize the hazard.
Access to the high-risk area should be prohprohibited all the workers.
Practice better house keeping: always try to keep the working area clean and free from any
obstruction. Implement a clean and clear walkaway policy.
Try to protect yourself from the machine. Follow their given instruction and always turn off the
machine after use.
Evalution
After the hazard control, its time to evaluate to determine their effectiveness.
During the evaluation we can determine some best effective control:
● Observe the safe work processess.
● Read and report the incident.
● Compare equipment diagnostic (Chin et al., 2010).
As reviewing the whole safety measure, the World Health and Saftey Regulation are best as it
reduces a major loss. The second one is ensuring the better housekeeping so many folds reduce
that hazard of workers.
Conclusion
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In the above context, we had discussed, analysed and try to find some the best ways to work in
the workshop. We had also evaluated the steps that can be taken to reduce the harm during the
work in the workshop.
Project 3
Create an incident response procedure that can be used in an organization of your choice.
This procedure focus on the requirement for the immediate response to, and successive reporting
investigating and communication of incident; and give guidance on the determination of
appropriate action.
Immediate incident response relates to the emergency situation which threatens the health or life
of a worker, the infrastructure or environment an engaged group or witness shall raise the alarm
immediately (Weaver, Wang, Fairbanks, & Patterson, 2012).
Identification
In case, where a person is subjected to an injury during the machine operation, then first it should
be reported to the injured person supervisor, and then the injured person should be shifted to the
nearest Gatehouse and provide first aid is the first priority if safe to do so, then it is not safe to
move the person, the crew member of the Gatehouse should be assembled immediately at the
scene.
The person who provides first aid should prepare First Aid Treatment Report. If any further
treatment is needed, then the person who gives first aid should inform Security Superintendent
and provide status and nature of the injury. When the injury is classified as the totally unfit then
shift to the nearest hospital (Hale, Borys, & Adams, 2015).
Investigation
The second step is the collection of evidence. All the incident regarding the collection of
evidence is coordinated by the area supervisor.
Analysis
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This basic analysis report is orgaorganized the the area superervisor, it it has basic deadline and
identification of casual factor. Evidence regarding the accident is attached to the report and
corrective action will be implemented. As in the case when a person is injured during working
(Credo, Armenakis, Feild, & Young, 2010).
In the detail analysis, Manager and its some staff make an analysis team as soon as possible.
The analysis team move to the workshop and try to find the evidence.
Few guiding prinprinciples that would apply during the investigation:
● All the evidence are collected at a certain place and declared as fact.
● Declared the preassumption as such;
● And the final report is submitted in the IMA report (Postlethwaite, Robbins, Rickerson, &
McKinniss, 2009).
Requirement of the detailed analysis:
● The team analyze the result and try to find the root cause.
● The correct action is required to find the root causes
● The final report should contain all the details about the case.
When practicable, the scene is made safe immediately and access to the area for evidence
collection and also restrict the area for other workers and staff (Gyekye, & Salminen, 2009).
The area supervisor, PPA team representative and, their delegate should start evidence
collection as soon as possible so that the evidence is not compromised, by the operating
condition or wether, and the witness is identified and state the statement in Witness Statement
Form. After collecting the evidence and incident area is released and again the work will be
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started after the proper corrective action that will be implemented to reduce the further accident
(Mancini et al., 2009).
Responding(control)
Hierarchy of Controls decide the corrective action, it also gives some direction to the most
important points.
Some of the points are mentions that the safety manager would do on the response to control
accidents in the working place.
● Appoint the most experienced worker to the most dangerous machine.
● Update the machine to get safer uses.
● Placed the machine away from the most crowded area of the workshop
● Place a guard for the machine who will protect the user (Beus, McCord, & Zohar, 2016).
● Gives proper training to the worker so that they would easily work on the machine.
Project 4
Health & safety
action
What to establish
and implement
Who is
responsible
Due date Review date
Policy and its
commitment
related to it.
Work according
to the
government
policies.
Create company
policies to
increase the
production and
Chairman of the
company,
manager,
PPM members,
head of the
policymaker.
April 10, 2019 April 25, 2019
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benefits.
Planning and
Plotting
Proper
arrangement and
management of
plan full-fill the
safety issues in
the workshop.
Team head and
employees.
Consultant
member.
April 15, 2019 May 10, 2019
Application and
operation
Build an
appropriate staff
involvement with
some good
consultation and
use of safety
decapitation
system.
Proper
communication
with the
employees.
PPE leader, team
leader, manager.
May 5, 2019 June 15, 2019
Active and
reactive
measuring of the
performance
Active
monitering is
required for the
health and saftey
management.
Hrdware and
software is being
monitered by the
leader. Effective
measyring gives
reul to standard
perfomance.
Supervisior,
work leader,
manager.
June 20, 2019 June 27, 2019
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Reviewing the
operations and
Auditing
Learn from the
past experiences
and try to
implement it.
Collect
systematic
review. Compare
your company
with other big
companies and to
try to learn from
them.
Technical
advisor,
employees, PPM
members, team
leaders and
manager.
August 5, 2019 August 12, 2109
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