Health Impact Assessment
Added on 2021-02-21
13 Pages3795 Words87 Views
Disease and DisordersPublic and Global HealthEnvironmental Science
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HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1Literature Review ............................................................................................................................1Comparison of current waste management strategies with other country's waste managementstrategy that prioritises alternative strategies...............................................................................5CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTIONHealth impact assessment can be described as combinations of all the procedures,policies, tools and methods which may be judged to its potential effects on the health andenvironment safety by minimising the polluting effects and providing a best suitable solution ofthose effects in the population. It aims to the reduction of pollutants and maximising positivehealth effects. This assessment includes health and safety concerns in Australia with the effect on the environment and health because of unsustainable disposal practices the Australia. Unsustainable health practices in Australia leads to the health and environmental effect which disturbs proper functioning of the firm. Comparison of current scenario with the other countries like America where the waste management is done on the regular basis. Certain norms developedby government for waste management and wise use of health impacts. Literature Review According to Padma lal and Litieta Takau the impact of unsustainable disposal of solid andliquid waste on human health and Environment is a major concern in Australia. Waste is dividedinto four categories- solid waste, liquid waste (including human and animal waste), agrochemicalwaste and other waste. Each waste causes significant effects on health and environment.Due to unsustainable disposal of solid waste all the Mosquito born diseases such asdengue fever and others are come out. Unsustainable disposal of waste created diseases such asskin diseases, dysentery, diarrhoea and other gastrointestinal illnesses caused by drinking waterinfected by waste and almost 50% of households reported suffering waste related illnesses. Byincreasing nutrients in coastal waters and groundwater environment get affected. Increaseaesthetic effects of litter and indiscriminate dumping of solid waste in drains and waterways, onunoccupied private places, roadsides and public land that can creates serious threats theenvironment. Liquid waste is also a major source of pollution in Australia. Liquid waste is either swept into arubbish heap or dumped in nearby bush. It is still left open to the elements and during rainyweather organic matter and bacteria enter the groundwater that will make environment pollutant.Environmental outcomes of eutrophication include a decrement in biological diversity, impactsto coastal fisheries, and a decrease in water quality(Mueller & et.al.,(2015)). Furthermore, as a1
effect of limited recycling of items such as aluminium cans, beer bottles and metal the life oflandfill sites is decreased that directly affect the plants growth, quality and environmentaloperations.According to Seemann, K., McLean, S., & Fiocco, P. Potential health and environmentalissues are connected with every point of the handling, treatment and disposal of waste. Waste is acomplex assortment of different substances and they are intrinsically hazardous to health. Manyenvironmental hazaed parts found in waste and they causes more human diseases. Thus the valueof a safe water supply, and sewerage and liquid waste removal is recognized in the effort tomaintain hygiene and prevent gastrointestinal disease(Mueller & et.al., (2016)). IndigenousAustralians have mainly poorer health outcomes and a lower life expectancy compared with non-Indigenous Australians. They are suffering from burden of diseases such as Chronic diseases,including cardiovascular disease, and mental and substance abuse disorders contributesignificantly to the load of disease experienced by people. Improper liquid and solid wastedisposal is the major factor that contributes to this poor health.Improperly disposal of solid and liquid waste has been identified as one of the maincauses of pollution. Unsustainable disposal practices is becoming a major concern forgovernment and environmentalist because it causes serious threats to health and the environment.Water, air and soil pollution all are because of improper disposal of waste(Kim, Kabir, & Kabir(2015)). This improper waste disposal can also have adverse effects such as cause significantharm to marine and wildlife and also create green house gas effects. This can cause harmfulhealth effects on humans as over the years it has been liable for causing various diseases and insome cases even death. Harmful Chemicals like pathogens, toxic chemical or medical wastecombined with water making it harmful to use. Diseases like leptospirosis, Cholera, Dysenteryare recognised to be spread through contaminated water and cause hazardous health infection ina people. One more dangerous effect of unsustainable solid and liquid waste disposal is soilcontamination, it occurs when solid or liquid hazardous sustains come into contact with soil. Thischemical are intent by plants which are later used by human beings this can cause seriousdiseases(Mueller & et.al., (2018)). Solid and liquid waste seriously spoiling the environmentfunctions. Negative environment impacts from unsustainable disposal of waste is increasing day2
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