Health Information and Response to Client

Analyse Health and Response to Client
Health Information
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Question 1:
Type 2 diabetes occurs due to insulin resistance. In type 2 diabetes cell fails to respond to
action of insulin. With the progression of disease, insulin deficiency also occurs. Defective
response of insulin to body tissues mainly occur due to insulin receptor. Most common cause
of type 2 diabetes is combined effect of excess body weight and insufficient exercise.
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes include increased thirst and frequent urination, increased hinger,
weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision and frequent infections. Complications of type 2 diabetes
include heart and blood vessel disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, foot damage,
hearing impairment and Alzheimer's disease (Pandey, Chawla and Guchhait, 2015).
Question 2:
In patients with type of 2 diabetes like Percy, foot ulcer mainly occurs due to loss of
sensation as a result of peripheral neuropathy. Occurrence of foot ulcer includes several
components like hyperglycaemia, neuropathy, biomechanical pressure, and vascular supply.
Poor blood supply to the leg is responsible for the occurrence and delayed healing of foot
ulcer. Poor blood supply is responsible for increase in heart rate of Percy. Increased glucose
is also responsible for delayed healing of foot ulcer. Nerve damage impairs sensitivity of foot
pain which results in painless wounds which lead to ulcers (van Netten et al., 2016).
Question 3:
Percy’s current BGL is 2.7 mmol/L which indicates he is experiencing hypoglycaemia. With
this glucose level, it would be difficult for Percy to supplement fuel for the normal activities.
It is necessary to identify the cause behind his hypoglycaemic condition and start
administering large amount of glucose (Ortiz, 2017).
Question 4:
Percy’s wound is having red exudate mainly due to damage to the blood capillaries and
damage during dressing. Percy’s dressing needs to be hanged on regular basis because his
wound is not getting healed due to fluctuating glucose levels. Delayed wound healing occurs
in diabetic patient like Percy because higher glucose levels prevent nutrients and oxygen
from energizing cells, stop immune system to function optimally and augment chances of
inflammation in the body (Pandey, Chawla and Guchhait, 2015).
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Question 5:
Nurses, dietician and diagnostic personal need to be incorporated in his care.
Nurse need to monitor his blood glucose level on regular basis and provide intervention
accordingly. Moreover, nurse need to monitor Percy’s vital signs on regular basis and provide
relevant intervention. Nurse need to provide both pharmacological and non-pharmacological
intervention to him. Nurse should make sure that his dressings are being changed on regular
intervals. Nurse need to coordinate with other allied healthcare professionals like dietician,
diagnostic personal and physical trainer for providing integrated care to Percy. Diagnostic
personal need to monitor blood glucose level of Percy on the regular basis and communicate
relevant information to the physician. Diagnostic personal need to check blood sugar level of
Percy pre and post meal. Dietician need to prepare diet plan for Percy. Dietician need to
prepare diet plan in such a way that it should maintain normal glucose level. Dietician need to
consider fluctuating glucose level while preparing diet plan for Percy (Weed and Berens,
2017; Swearingen, 2015).
Question 6:
Urine analysis of Lee, indicated absence of glucose. It indicates absence of glycosuria in Lee.
In case of Lee proteins are present in her urine. It indicated proteinuria condition in her.
Presence of nitrates usually, indicates bacterial infection which is also called as urinary tract
infection. Urine containing ketone bodies is called as diabetic ketoacidosis. However, this
condition is not evident in Lee. Most common cause of blood in the urine is bladder infection.
Blood is present in the urine of Lee because she was associated with bladder infection. pH of
Lee’s urine is 5. It indicates acidosis is developed in her (Bartosova et al., 2016).
Question 7:
Catheterisation and Transient Ischemic Stroke are the significant risk factors for urinary tract
infection in Lee. It occurs because urinary catheters inoculate microorganisms into the
urinary bladder. It leads to colonization of microorganisms by facilitating bacterial surface
adhesion which cause mucosal irritation (Parker et al., 2017). Stroke in the middle cerebral
artery affects frontal lobe which coordinates the urinary bladder activity. Moreover,
stroke in the brain also interrupt coordination between bladder and sphincter function
which lead to UTI. Patients with stroke like Lee need to spend more time on bed in
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