Health Promotion for Reducing Heart Disease: Model and Approaches

This report discusses the model and approaches which can be effective for health promotion to reduce heart disease within the population. It includes statistics and surveys of local and international policy and legislation, interventions, and the use of a combined approach to promote better health and reduce the risk of getting heart diseases.

Health & Social Care

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Health refers to state of complete mental, physical and social well-being along with not
merely absence of infirmity or diseases. Health promotion is highly effective, it allows large
population to education about the health and way to prevent or avoid any type of disease.
Through health promotion plan, adult who have higher risk of getting heart diseases can be
avoided. There is high need to promote heart disease prevention method which can help to get
better and effective way to reduce the high death frequency due to heart disease. In this report,
there is discussion about the model and approaches which can be effective for health promotion
to reduce heart disease within population. This report also includes the statics and survey of local
and international policy and legislation. This also includes the intervention by including the
current health promotion theory. There is also discussion about use of combine approach that can
help to promote better health and reduce the risk of getting heart diseases (Bellosta and Corsini,
2018).
MAIN BODY
The concept of heart related illness generally illustrates a variety of conditions which can
influence the heart. The heart disorders involve the blood vessels diseases such as coronary
artery diseases, rhythm issues, the congenital defects in heart which are occurs by birth. In
United Kingdom, there is a most common type of heart disease such as coronary artery illness
that is often called as coronary heart disease. It is usually occurring when the heart arteries
become narrow or harden. It is when the arteries supply blood to the heart become plague or
clogged. In this, the plague generally consists the cholesterol as well as the other substances. In
this context, the practice of cardiology is quite enhancing constraints by the regulations,
guidelines as well as the legal considerations (Biffi, Scotti and Corrao, 2017).
On the other hands, like the other groups of healthcare professionals, the cardiologists
have the primary duty of care to the each of the ill people, but they also include a broad
responsibility towards the society. In contrast with United Kingdom, these such responsibilities
as well as the duties is been well-defined by the medical council. In this, there are factors who
are responsible for demise of the clinical freedom in earlier times. These factors include the
incontrovertible results of the randomised control trials, the financial constraints, and the last one
is realisation by the public of United Kingdom about the healthcare professionals that they are
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not always to be trusted. But, nowadays the healthcare professionals share the responsibility for
giving an effective amount of clinical services to the public. In context with national health
services, the ultimate responsibility for providing the safe practices of the cardiology will stand
with the trust board of the healthcare organization (Brown and et. al., 2021).
In this, the health department is quite responsible for the direction of the national well-
being services, public wellness as well as the social care and the delivery of wellness care by
establishing the health policies as well as the strategies, visualizing the performances and setting
the national standards. There are various healthcare policies which will enhance the health as
well as promote the well-being among the public, mostly among adults.
It is determined from the survey that about more than 160,000 deaths are occurring every
year from the heart related issues. On an average about 460 deaths per day has been occurring in
the United Kingdom. Among males and females, there were about 3.6 million females and
approximately 4 million males are still living with the heart disorders. In addition to this, the
most common disease such as coronary artery illness is the most common cause of heart attacks
as well as was the single biggest killer among both male and female across worldwide in 2019.
In addition, with UK, there are approximately 100,000 admissions to the health care systems
every year due to the heart attacks in every hour. Most of the people about 1.4 million are more
likely alive as they are survived from the heart attack (Dhaun and Webb, 2019).
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Figure 1 Heart disease and Stroke statistics, 2020

In context with global impact, the cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death
till yet. In 2019, it is determined from the survey that approximately 17.9 million people are
usually died from these heart related disease which generally shows that about 32% deaths
impact over globally. In these about 85% death were due to the heart attacks as well as stroke. In
2019, Out of about 17 million premature deaths like under the age of 70 were due to the non-
communicable disease as well as about 38% were just caused by the cardiovascular diseases. In
this, the most of the cardiovascular disease can be cured or prevented by simply addressing the
risks factors regarding behaviour such as the unhealthy eating, obesity, use of tobacco as well as
drinking, the lack of physical activities. It is quite essential to detect these heart related issues on
time so that management can begin with counselling or the medications (Kim and Je, 2017).
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Figure 2global burden of heart diseases and their risk factors. (1990-2019)

In United Kingdom, there is a development of action plans or strategies for the prevention
of cardiovascular diseases. The development of action plan for about one year that is 2017-2018
in which the health department has taken the actions to overcome the cause or to prevent the
occurring cause of cardiovascular disease. In this, the involved parties are the clinicians, the
higher authorities, local authorities, the public well-being care specialists as well as the PHE
(Public Health England) staff. In contrast to the action plan, the health services of England have
been updated a tool such as heart age tool, as this tool can aid the adults to work out their heart
age as well as risk of the heat attacks and the stroke. Furthermore, by the end of June, most of the
adults about 2.9 million has make a view on this tool. Another partnership of health services of
England with the British Heart Foundation so as to aid encourage the clinical leadership. These
foundations have been developing a network of the practices to empower the quality
development in the prevention as well as management of cardiovascular diseases (Hamoda,
2017).
Model of practice refers to inclusion of practitioner with terms that can describe practices
which includes the view of profession, guide for intervention and tools for evaluation. This
allows for systematic evaluation of client that can be effective step for providing evidence based
practice. Here, health promotion planning model can be effective and can guide health
professionals some process of strategically assessing need for target population, planning for
intervention, executing plan effectively with modifying it and evaluating it which may include
short and long term efficacy. Through taking this model in practice it can help to follow the steps
which can be effective for the health promotion (Romain and Carey, 2021).
Health promotion approaches are also effective which include Behavioural change
approach or model. This is effective and influence people to take care of their behaviour that can
imply them to change attitude regarding lifestyle which is one of the most important factor that
can impact individual health. When individual take care and improve their lifestyle then there is
high change of getting reduction in the risk of getting heart diseases. There is also need to focus
on the nutritional diet which plays a major role in getting better health. Participation and
involvement approach can also be effective. Using this approach with including behavioural
change approach can be more effective and it will show better positive outcomes in reducing the
risk of heart diseases. Using both approaches can increase the effectiveness of creating
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awareness and education within large population. Through participating and involving,
individual or large population can help themselves to fight against the issues of high rate of
getting heart diseases in adults. Combining both approach can have improved outcomes that may
aware large population to take care of themselves. Through changing behaviour can show the
participation and changing this can allow to get better involve for decreasing the risk of heart
diseases (Docherty, Turgeon and Walsh, 2018).
CONCLUSION
The Heart related problems are one of the major health concern across globe. It is the one
that contains high negative influence among adults. The United Kingdom is greatly affected from
this health problem and is required to aware people to avoid the risk of getting heart related
problems among them. In this, there is need to take some measures which can allow to provide
better health safety from this issue. Due to large number of population of United Kingdom are
getting impact with it. It is concluded from the above discussion that there is need to make the
public much aware about such well-being problems and inform or provide knowledge to them to
take initiatives for efficiently preventing these problems.
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