Health Promotion Programs - PDF

Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note:

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HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM
Social determinants of health as well as well-being can be considered as the specific
conditions within which individuals are seen to born, grow, live, work and age (Treloar, 2016).
These factors help to determine the situation in which individuals live and thereby gain success
in their lives emotionally, mentally, financially as well as physically (Williams et al., 2018). The
world health organisation has successfully recognised ten important social determinants of health
as they have the ability to create inequitable differences in the health outcomes. Out of this,
addiction is stated to be one of the most important determinants that are affecting the lives of
large number of people in every nation. The most vulnerable group of people identified in the
nation is the male aboriginal adults who are mostly subjected to their different types of addiction
(Marel et al., 2016). These are the tobacco smoking, alcohol addiction and other substance abuse.
Researchers have successfully identified that smoking is the major cause of chronic disease
among the aboriginal’s people leading to different types of cardiovascular disorders, cardio-
pulmonary disorders, cancer and many others. Half of the aboriginal males are seen to smoke
tobacco throughout the year and this number is twice the number of the non-natives of Australia.
Similarly, alcohol use is also considered the major contributor of different types of injury,
violence as well as involvement of in the criminal justice systems (Sun & Buys, 2016). It is
found that substance abuse disorders have contributed as a significant reason for the gap that is
found in the health status between the indigenous a well as non-indigenous Australians. About
47.7% of the individuals in the aboriginals were found to be daily smokers. On the other hand, it
was found that the rate of alcohol consumption was twice the rate of the non-natives (Wilson et
al., 2017). This accounted for about 17% with theta of 8% in case of short term whiskey drinking
and 15% with that of 14% in case of long term whiskey drinkers. A number of risk factors had
been identified to be the contributors of the development of addiction habits among the students.

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One of the major reasons that is stated here that the traditional culture of the native people
promotes the tobacco smoking and alcohol use as a part of their culture. This makes the
aboriginal uptake the habit in order to feel accepted in the community and to mingle with the
community members and feel socially included. Evidences of aboriginals taking up the habit as a
matter of experiences or due to peer pressure has also been found in the different studies
conducted in the risk factors. Poor employment prospects provides them with ample time and
boredom, which makes them depressed and therefore poor financial condition and poor
employment becomes the risk factors for taking up of the habit of substance abuse (Brett et al.,
2017). Stress and difficult societal pressure and economic status make them exposed to these
habits. Lack of education and different side effects of the substance abuse disorders make them
more exposed to developing habits. A number of different types of protective factors can be
stated which may help in overcoming of the development of habits in the males in the aboriginal
community (Cheah et al., 2017). Effective self-control and parental monitoring from young age
can help the natives to grow in ways by which they do not develop addiction habits. Besides,
proper academic competence and different anti-drug policies can help in prevention of the
addiction habits. Strong neighbourhood attachment and health literacy would also help in
prevention of the disorders.
Smart Goal:
The health promotion program that would be developed will mainly be based the health
belief model as that would help in modifications of behaviours by which they can overcome the
addiction habits. This health belief model will mainly focus on two important goals that need to
be developed.

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Goal: to develop the health literacy of the aboriginals in order to make them understand the
effects that substance abuse is conducting of their physical and mental health. Employment
opportunities would be promoted through making them learn different handicraft services,
making them know ways of farming, setting of small business and many others (Mooney &
Sarriago, 2015).
Specific: health promotion campaigns will be developed where volunteers will visit aboriginal
communities and verbally make them understand the side effects with the use of colourful
demonstrations and help them to understand how they can overcome the disorders. The
employment opportunities’ will help them to overcome boredom and gain financial security and
hence such habits would be changed.
Measurable: the goal is measurable because after every week, an interactive session will be
arranged with the community participants so that the volunteers can understand own much the
aboriginals had been able to understand the health literacy sessions conducted for them. This
would help to understand whether the aboriginals are developing knowledge or not (Moonro et
al., 2017). They should be interviewed about the ways taught to them to employ themselves and
gain back their feedbacks. His would help to measure whether they are aligning with the program
Attainable: this goal is easily attainable as the volunteer would be conducting sessions and the
aboriginal male adults would be attending the sessions. In order to make themselves aware of the
health literacy campaign, invitation pamphlets be circulated in the community. This is easily
attainable as the pamphlets would help them to be aware of the discussion sessions and this
would make them participate in the program. Employment opportunities will cut their boredom
and make them financially stress free. This would help them to stay away from addiction.

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Relevant: This goal is relevant in the sense as the better they develop knowledge about the
different side effects of the substance abuse disorder, they will become more cautious about their
activities (Lee et al., 2017). They will be able to understand the modifications they require in
their behaviour and hence they will be able to overcome their addiction habits. Better job
opportunities will give them no reason to feel depressed or stressful and chances of taking
addictive substances will reduce.
Timeframe: this would require 8 months.
The Ottawa Charter is the specific international agreement that was signed as the First
International Conference on Health Promotion and this was organised as the World Health
Organisation. They had planned five action areas like the building healthy public policy,
developing supportive environment, strengthening community actions, developing personal skills
and re-orienting health services for prevention of illness and promotion of health. Development
of health literacy would ensure that the make aboriginal adults would be able to develop personal
skills by which they can prevent themselves from continuing such addictive habits. Health
literacy program would help in developing a supportive environment where the volunteers would
provide them with every resource that would be required to help them to overcome the addictive
habits (Treolar et al., 2016). They would be able to understand the ways by which they can make
the, free from the addiction and once they develop knowledge they would in turn support the
program and would help to make the program a success. The employment opportunities would
create supportive environment and strength community financial status and hence help the, to
live better lives.

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HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM
Implementation strategies:
The health promotion program would first allocate 15 volunteers for the health promotion project
to reduce the substance abuse disorders among the aboriginal adult. Out of these 15 members,
different individuals would be given different roles so that everyone can act as a team and
thereby help in meeting the expectations and goals of the project (Ridani et al., 2015). Two the
15-member team would mainly take up the role of health-promotion project coordinators. These
two individuals would be mainly allocating tasks to the other members, monitor the activities
conducted by the other team members and would be solving queries and complaints that would
be circulating regarding the health promotion project. Another two members would be mainly
conducting the funding allocations. They would be mainly looking for the sponsorships, aligning
with different NGO companies and collect money and others resources that would be important
to develop the education sessions as well as to develop the training classes by which they can be
made prepared to earn in their lives and lead a better quality life. Moreover, besides the person
who would be looking over the monetary part, there will be three other persons who would be
given the duty to arrange for the training sessions, education programs and to advertise the health
promotion programs rationale and target audience through social media, placards, advertisement
boards and many others (Treolar et al., 2018). They would have the duty to advertise the cause of
the health promotion project and at the same time develop strategies to spread the news in
households of the communities and make the adult males interested to attend the project. Better,
they develop a creative plan, better will be their ability to hold back their target population and
make them interested to provide importance on the project (Munro et al., 2017). Three other
members would be mainly involved in the project who would be conducting the planning for the
education program. They would be developing the presentations, pamphlets, creative pieces,

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working and many others. They would be involved in making the work much interesting to the
audience and would keep it free from medical, scientific and technical jargons. These would help
them to feel interested in the presentations and the educational discussions and help them to gain
knowledge about how their addiction habits are harming their physical health as well as mental
and social health. At the same time, two other members would be conducting the co-curricular
sessions where they would be motivating the adult aboriginals to engage themselves in small
business, handicraft activities and many others by which they can not only be financially stable
but also would be able to overcome many negative habits and their mental health would revive .
At the same time, the two members would try to connect the community members with the job
centres helping them to develop easy access to different types of job that matches with their
profile and thereby help them to get work and be self-sufficient (Lee et al., 2016). This would
make them independent and would provide them less scope to feel bored and thereby engage
with different addiction habits. In this way, development of proper health literacy in a
community based manner and thereby making them motivated to develop self-sufficieny and
financial security with the help of proper employment services. In this way, two social
determinants of the habit of addiction like education and employment can be attended and this
helps to overcome the challenges that addiction, another social determinants brings on the lies of
the aboriginal native people (Vujcich et al., 2018).
Evaluation program:
The team would be left with two individuals. These two individuals along with the
coordinators of the team would make a committee of five people. These five people would be
mainly involved in the evaluation activity. Effective evaluation is mainly required in order to
understand that the health promotion strategies that are taken are helping to meet the objectives

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and goals that are set by the individuals (Arjunan et al., 2016). In order to evaluate whether the
program is making people interested or not, the attendance sheet should be analysed n a day-to-
day basis. This will help to understand whether the persons are finding the education class and
the co-curricular training class interesting or not. Their footfall will help to evaluate how many
people of the community is attending the classes and how many people are not yet attended any
of the classes. This would help to evaluate how far the promotion program had been able to
capture the attention of the people (Nathan et al., 2016). Secondly, the monitoring committee
would be conducting a discussion session with the aboriginal males once in every week in order
to develop an understanding of the knowledge gained by them and also understand how well
they are implementing their knowledge in order to bring changes in their behaviours. The way
they interact, their feedbacks, their concerns would help the committee members to evaluate how
well they are perceiving the principles discussed to overcome the habits of addiction and how
well they are abiding by it (tolhurst et al., 2016). Moreover, the evaluation committee also
prepared questionnaires for interviewing them on their concept of employment and its need to
become self-sufficient. They would be also asked about their opinion of participating in
curricular activities as well as their effect on development of employment skills. If positive
feelings are noticed and aboriginal patients are seen to be more proactively showing interest in
contacting with job centres, set up small handicraft shop and similar businesses, the program
could be found to bring out effective outcomes and are aligning with the topic. The committee
members should also evaluate that with the health promotion programs are properly following
the action priority areas like supporting of the community by helping to develop good habits and
overcoming negative habits (Canuto et al., 2017). Once the individuals are able to develop
proper habits and overcome addiction, they will be correctly able to maintain their households

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and teach the younger generation about the negative effects of addiction. This will also help to
develop the future generation of the native lands as well. The entire fifteen members would
observe an all over evaluation of the change of the tendencies of the aboriginal communities.
This would help them to collect cues that whether their program is bake to bring modifications in
not only the addiction behaviours of the aboriginal male of the community but also in the social
trends, statistics o people still drinking and smoking habits, changes in through procedures of the
culture of the community and many others. On evaluation of this, reports would be prepared and
analysed and depending upon them, it would be decided that whether new strategies would be
prepared or not. Therefore, this health promotion program would be effective in helping the adult
aboriginal male people to live better quality life.

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References:
Arjunan, P., Poder, N., Welsh, K., Bellear, L., Heathcote, J., Wright, D., ... & Wen, L. M. (2016).
Smoking among Aboriginal adults in Sydney, Australia. Health Promotion Journal of
Australia, 27(1), 66-69.
Brett, J., Dawson, A., Ivers, R., Lawrence, L., Barclay, S., & Conigrave, K. (2017). Healing at
Home: Developing a Model for Ambulatory Alcohol “Detox” in an Aboriginal
Community Controlled Health Service. International Journal of Indigenous
Health, 12(1), 24-38.
Canuto, K., Aromataris, E., Lockwood, C., Tufanaru, C., & Brown, A. (2017). Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander health promotion programs for the prevention and management of
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Cheah, A. L. S., Pandey, R., Daglish, M., Ford, P. J., & Patterson, S. (2017). A qualitative study
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Lee, K. K., Dawson, A., & Conigrave, K. M. (2016). Insights into the effective management of
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Lee, K. K., Freeburn, B., Ella, S., Wilson, S., Harrison, K., McEwan, M., & Conigrave, K. M.
(2017). Supporting the Aboriginal alcohol and other drug workforce in New South
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Nathan, S., Rawstorne, P., Hayen, A., Bryant, J., Baldry, E., Ferry, M., ... & Jayasinha, R.
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Sun, J., & Buys, N. (2016). Effects of community singing program on mental health outcomes of
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Vujcich, D., Thomas, J., Crawford, K., & Ward, J. (2018). Indigenous Youth Peer-Led Health
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