Health Promotion Program: Postnatal Depression (PD)

This presentation focuses on a health promotion program for postnatal depression (PD). It aims to raise awareness among expecting mothers about the causes and initial signs of PD, as well as implement early interventions to aid in recovery. The target groups include expecting mothers, women in their first postnatal tenure, and women who have attained puberty. The presentation discusses the health issue of PD, key characteristics of the target group, social determinants, health promotion principles, enacting primary health care, and evaluation of the health promotion. The subject, course code, and college/university are not mentioned.

P R E S E N T E D B Y:
Health Promotion Program:
Postnatal Depression (PD)

Goal of the Health Promotion
Raising awareness among the expecting
mothers about the causes and initial signs of
the postnatal depression
Implementation of the early interventions to
recover from postnatal depression

Section 1: Community Needs

Target Groups
The main target groups are:
The expecting mothers
Women who are in their first postnatal tenure
Women who have attained their puberty

Health Issue of the Focus
Postnatal Depression (PD)
According to the 2010 Australian National Infant Survey, one
out of five mothers of children aged between 24 months or
less suffer from PD

The initially signs of PD is surfaced in the form of depression
during the perinatal stage
At least 111,000 mothers in Australia were diagnosed with
depression and of them 56,000 later developed PD during
2011 to 2012.
(Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW], 2012)

Key characteristics of the target group
Anxious and tearful during the first week of
giving birth: The condition is known as "baby
blues".
Baby blue does not last for more than 2
weeks after birth but if the symptom persists
longer then it is a possible signs of PD.
(Tham et al. 2016)

The main symptoms of PD
Persistent feeling of sadness and low mood
Loss of interest in the wider world
Difficulty in getting sleep at night
Feeling sleepy during the day
Withdrawing from the social activities
Problem in decision making and concentration
Thoughts of hurting the baby
Lack of bonding with the baby
(Tham et al. 2016)

Section 2: Social determinants

Social Determinants and PD
AIHW in the year 2012 reported that:
The vulnerability of the PD among women increases with:
Age: Younger mothers (under 25 years of age) are more likely
to develop PD
Smoking of tobacco
Lower financial background of the family
Obesity or high BMI (basal metabolic index)
Undergone emergency caesarean section
Main social determinants of health identified in PD
Poor socio-economic status of the family
Lack of proper education and health awareness
Unhealthy lifestyle habits

Target of Healthcare Project
Education awareness towards
Having child at young age
Consumption of alcohol and smoking of tobacco before
and after pregnancy
Participation in the community health awareness
program to educate about healthy lifestyle habits
during pregnancy
This will help to cover the social determinants of lack
of proper exposure to knowledge and health-
awareness and information about the healthy lifestyle
and concepts of having protected sex.

Section 3: Health Promotion
Principles

Health Promotion Framework
The Health Promotion Program will follow
the framework of Ottawa Charter Health
Promotion by World Health Organisation
(WHO)

First Step: Building Supportive Environment
Support will be given by community health
education awareness program where the
target groups will be educated about:
The reasons behind PD
Outcome of PD
Initial signs and symptoms of PD
How the vulnerability of PD can be reduced
(Fisher et al. 2016)

Second Step: Strength Community Actions
The Education about the early signs and
disease management will be given under teh
community health setup
The women who are already found suffering
from PD will be given community health
support in the presence of their husband
(Place et al. 2016)

Third Step: Strengthen Community Actions
Planning strategies of overcome PD
Professional counseling with mental healthcare
nurse or a psychologist
Medication management: Use of anti-depressant
under the supervision of healthcare physicians
Emotional support: From spouse, mother-to-
mother support groups. Mothers under the
identical situation is found to provide the
required emotional and practical support
(Place et al. 2016)

Fourth Step: Development of Personal skills
Development of self-management skills
Reduction in smoking and drinking
Participating in social activities
Maintaining healthy lifestyle: Healthy diet
and physical exercise both before and after
pregnancy
(Fisher et al. 2016)

Overall Nature of Health Promotion
Advocating the target mass about the cause
and effect of PD
Enabling the target mass to take necessary
self management skills
Mediating the target groups to recover from
PD by giving proper support from family and
community based awareness program

Health Promoting Ways (Tas DHHS)
1. Evidence of informed practice: Collection of information from
evidence based resources: literary articles
2. Determinants of health: poor socio-economic status and lack of
proper health awareness
3. Equity: Health education and awareness program will be given in
groups with women from different ethnic background
4. Partnerships: Spouse and other family members
5. Action across continuum:
6. Cultural change: Screening for risk assessment and health education
7. Supportive environment: Both in family and in social gatherings
8. Community Participation: Community based health awareness
activities
(Department of Health and Human Services Tasmanian Government
2019)

Implementing the Project
The target groups who are from poor socio
economic background and is suffering from
PD will be incorporated in health promotion
by giving incentives
Target groups who are pregnant or adult
women will be invited in the health promotion
through social media promotion of the health
promotion program

Other Healthcare team members
Mental health nurse:
Mental health nurse will help to ascertain the mental health state of the
affected women in order to design person-centered care plan
Psychologist:
Mental health counseling to overcome the depressive state of mind and
negative thought process of killing the child
Dietician:
Framing healthy diet plan during and after pregnancy
Physical fitness trainer
Designing mild to moderate physical exercise to improve the mental
health state
According to Woody et al. (2018) have a multidisciplinary team will help
to promote comprehensive health and wellbeing covering both mental
and physical health. Comprehensive health and wellbeing is the basic
of health promotion principles.

Section 4: Enacting Primary
Health Care

Primary Health Care (PHC)
Five principles of primary health care are:
Promotive: Promoting Health awareness about PD
Preventive: Prevention of PD by early identification of the
symptoms and PD and maintaining healthy lifestyle to
prevent PD
Curative: Curing PD through medication management, family
support and counseling
Rehabilitative: Providing rehabilitation program for PD
patients who are suffering from substance abuse
Supportive/palliative: Creating supportive environment
(WHO 2018)

Activities at PHC
Mild to moderate physical activity for 30
minutes per day (Daley et al. 2018)
Mental counselling for quit smoking (Salimi
et al. 2015).

Evaluation of the Health Promotion
Reduction in the state of depressive mind by
mental health assessment done through
psychologist
Self-reported improvement of the overall
quality of life like reduction in smoking and
overall physical health

References
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare [AIHW]. 2012. Perinatal depression: data from the 2010 Australian National Infant Feeding Survey.
Access date: 25th April 2019. Retrieved from:
https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/primary-health-care/perinatal-depression-data-from-the-2010-australia/contents/summary
Daley, A., Riaz, M., Lewis, S., Aveyard, P., Coleman, T., Manyonda, I., West, R., Lewis, B., Marcus, B., Taylor, A. and Ibison, J., 2018. Physical
activity for antenatal and postnatal depression in women attempting to quit smoking: randomised controlled trial. BMC pregnancy and
childbirth, 18(1), p.156.
Department of Health and Human Services Tasmanian Government. 2019. Welcome to Working in Health Promoting Ways. Access date: 25th
April 2019. Retrieved from: https://www.dhhs.tas.gov.au/wihpw
Fisher, J., Rowe, H., Wynter, K., Tran, T., Lorgelly, P., Amir, L.H., Proimos, J., Ranasinha, S., Hiscock, H., Bayer, J. and Cann, W., 2016. Gender-
informed, psychoeducational programme for couples to prevent postnatal common mental disorders among primiparous women: cluster
randomised controlled trial. BMJ open, 6(3), p.e009396.
Lin, P.Y., Chiu, T.H., Ho, M., Chang, J.P.C., Chang, C.H.C. and Su, K.P., 2019. Major depressive episodes during pregnancy and after childbirth:
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National Health Service (NHS). 2019. Postnatal Depression. Access date: 25th April 2019. Retrieved from:
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/post-natal-depression/
Pampaka, D., Papatheodorou, S.I., AlSeaidan, M., Al Wotayan, R., Wright, R.J., Buring, J.E., Dockery, D.W. and Christophi, C.A., 2019. Postnatal
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Place, J.M.S., Billings, D.L., Frongillo, E.A., Blake, C.E. and Mann, J.R., 2016. Policy for promotion of women’s mental health: Insight from
analysis of policy on postnatal depression in Mexico. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 43(2),
pp.189-198.
Salimi, S., Terplan, M., Cheng, D. and Chisolm, M.S., 2015. The relationship between postpartum depression and perinatal cigarette smoking:
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Tham, E.K., Tan, J., Chong, Y.S., Kwek, K., Saw, S.M., Teoh, O.H., Goh, D.Y., Meaney, M.J. and Broekman, B.F., 2016. Associations between poor
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World Health Organisation. 2018. Primary Health Care (PHC). Access date: 25th April 2019. Retrieved from:
https://www.who.int/primary-health/en/
World Health Organisations. 2019. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Access date: 25th April 2019. Retrieved from:
https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/previous/ottawa/en/

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