Report on Healthcare and Life Sciences Quiz

   

Added on  2020-04-13

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Healthcare and Life Sciences QuizNameInstitutional Affiliations
Report on Healthcare and Life Sciences Quiz_1
Healthcare and Life Sciences QuizQuestion 1 The mode of action of the beta lactam antibiotics is strongly associated with the nature of the bacterial cell membrane which also determines the non-enzymatic anti-pathogenic activities. Primarily, the action of the antibiotic is usually determined by the various interactions between the drug and the cell membrane as well as the inhibition of enzymes essential to the function of the cell membrane through concomitant inhibition. The antibiotics therefore inhibit the action of enzymes such as transepeptidase which is involved in the final stages of peptidoglycan biosynthesis (KONG, et al., 2010). The enzymes targeting the cytoplasm membrane therefore combine with the antibiotic at molecular level hence the name penicillin binding proteins. The antibiotic action is usually affected by its ability to stop the cell division and growth then initiate and autolytic action that leads to tissue death. However there are a phenomenon that usually leads to the resistance of Gram-positive bacteria to beta lactam antibiotics. Such situations are usually influenced by the interactions between the antibiotics and the bacteria. The main factor influencing the resistance of the bacteria to the drug involves the nature of the penicillin binding proteins whose modifications create the drug resistance. There are further actions by the beta lactam antibiotics that make them able to pass through bacteria with two membranes. Some of the examples of bacteria that exhibit such levels of resistance include enterococci, pneumococcus and staphylococcus. Such PBP modifications are usually rare in the Gram-negative bacteria (Kohanski, Dwyer & Collins, 2010).
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