Dissertation Name of student: Name of university: Author:

1Running head: DISSERTATION
Dissertation
Name of student:
Name of university:
Author note:

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Table of Contents
I. Introduction.........................................................................................................................3
1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................3
1.2 Background......................................................................................................................3
1.3 Research problem.............................................................................................................4
1.4 Justification of research....................................................................................................5
1.5 Significance of research...................................................................................................6
1.6 Aims and Objectives........................................................................................................6
1.7 Research aims and objectives...........................................................................................6
1.8 Research question.............................................................................................................7
1.9 Research Hypotheses.......................................................................................................7
2. Methodology..........................................................................................................................8
2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................8
2.2 Literature search...............................................................................................................8
2.3 Bibliographic aids............................................................................................................9
2.4 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria and the Search Strategy...............................................9
2.5 Search staretegy.............................................................................................................10
2.6 Search outcomes.............................................................................................................11
2.7 Summary........................................................................................................................12
3. Review of Literature............................................................................................................13
4. Results and Discussion.........................................................................................................27

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5. Research limitations.............................................................................................................31
6. Future Scopes of Research...................................................................................................31
References................................................................................................................................32

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Research title: The impact of behaviour of healthcare workers on patient outcomes and
strategies for improving behaviours: a systematic review
I. Introduction
1.1 Introduction
Health care professionals have principal contribution towards the overall health and
well-being of the patients. Health care professionals like nurses and doctors are liable towards
ensuring maximum benefit to the patient’s well being via delivering holistic care
management. However, the skills, competencies and behaviour of the healthcare
professionals have a significant impact upon their mental and physical well being of the
patient along with their length of hospital stay (Bodner et al. 2015). The present chapter of
the dissertation sets the stage for value research on analyzing the impact of the behaviour of
the healthcare workers patients outcomes. This chapter will begin va setting the scene and the
context around the impact of the behaviour of healthcare professionals. A robust rationale for
the choice of the topic will be presented. The next section of this chapter represents the
significance of the study followd by the clear description of the how the question will be
formulated along with aims and objective of the research.
1.2 Background
Against the evolving healthcare sector across the globe, the behaviour of
healthcare professionals has drawn significant attention in context of delivering high quality
care. The key aspects of behaviour of healthcare professionals include ability to communicate
effectively, maintin patient dignity and confidentiality, engage in learning behaviour,
demonstrate leaderhsip skills, combat burnout and tension, and fulfil personal responsibility
and integrity. Research indicates that behaviours of healthcare professionals in different care
organisations are different, and the reason for this difference is multidimensional (Strachan

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et al. 2015). The four key aspects related to healthcare professional’s practice are knowledge,
attitude, behaviour and quality of care. Knowledge of healthcare professionals is central to
the issue of professional accountability. It is defined as the means by which the whole
purpose of caring for patients is achieved. Attitude is the persistent disposition to consistently
respond to the patients in a given manner. It is the most indespinsible concept in healthcare.
Behaviour refers to the natural conduct of a professional in a setting directed by internal and
external influences. The behaviour of a professional directly and indirectly influences patient
care. Quality of care is the degree to hich healthcare professionals increase the chances of
desired health outcomes for the patients being cared for, and is consistent with professional
knowledge. It is determined by outcomes, patient perceptions, and organizational structure
and systems (Baum 2016).
1.3 Research problem
Due to the drastic rise in demand for high standard healthcare centres in the UK, focus
has been shifted to the nature of behaviour of care professionals since this is the main factor
behind care quality. Finding the cause of inappropriate behaviour and implementing
strategies has proved to be a major challenge in the recent past. Voluminous literature
indicates that behaviour of professionals vary from one care setting to another and this
difference is clearly evident from the feedback of the service users. While one care setting
might have care workers capable of demonstrating required skills and competencies, another
care setting might not have the same condition (Folland, Goodman and Stano 2016).
There are numerous evidences highlighting the negative attitude of the healthcare
professionals towards the patients which decreases the total health and well-being while
increasing their length of hospital stay (Davison et al. 2016). There are numerous contexts
where negative attitudes of the healthcare professionals are higher and the reasons behind this
is both internal and external like organisational factors (Davison et al. 2016). However, it is

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difficult to undertake deeper investigation on the attitudes of the healthcare professionals
towards their oatients. Several factors like long working hours, lack of proper training and
education, irritating behaviour of the patients and lack of proper training skills are highlighted
as the factors affecting the behaviour of the healthcare professionals towards their patients
(Chen et al. 2016). However, there are no definite plan analyszing how this factors are
influencing their behaviours or what are exact mechanisms via which the impact of these
factors an be minimalised.
Hence, in this research key focus will be to explore these factors which are
contributing towards the negative or challenging behaviour of the healthcare professionals
towards the elderly patients. The research will try to explore the impact of this challenging
and negative behaviour of the healthcare professionals over the patient along with the
possible strategy to overcome this scenario.
1.4 Justification of research
Attitudes and behaviours of healthcare workers have a deep infleucne on the health
outcomes of the service users, as well as on the working conditions of fellow professionals.
Challenging behaviour is a serious concern since it can cause major danger and distress to the
patients as well as to the other professionals working in the mutlidiscplinary team. For
successfuly managing the unaccepted behaviour, it is necessary to understand the manner in
which care professionals empty their skills, demonstrate their knowledge and display their
attitude (George 2015). Comparison of the above stated factors between two care units was
thought to be valuable since key information derived from one organsition can act as a set of
recomemdnation for the other organisation, and vice versa.

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1.5 Significance of research
This dissertation paper is focused on the challenging behaviour of the healthcare
professionals upon the patients. At present it has become one of the alrmaing issue in the
healthcare organisations (Hynninen et al. 2015). Therefore from the present study aims
towards the indentification of the major factors responsible for the negative or challenging
behaviour of the healhtcare professionals toward the patients. The study will be helpful
because, based on the findings of the research, policies can be outlined by the respective care
settings for improving the working conditions of the professionals. Appropriate strategies can
be taken by the care settings that can address the concerns of the professionals on the basis of
the valuable insights taken from the research (Baum 2016).
1.6 Aims and Objectives
The of the research is to explore the of behaviour of healthcare workers on patient
outcomes and strategies for improving behaviours.
1.7 Research aims and objectives
1. To analyze the impact of the various factors that leads to change in the attitude of the
healthcare professionals towards the patients
2. To investigate how these factors affects the health and wellbeing of the patients
3. To recommend the ebst possible ways to improve the attitude of the healthcare
professionals towards their patients.
1.8 Research question
 What are the resoans behind the negative attitude of the health care professionals
towards the patients
 What are impacts of the negative attitudes of the healthcare professionals over their
patients

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 What are the nurses or other healthcare professionals doing regarding to overcome
their challenging behaviour?
1.9 Research Hypotheses
Hypotheses of objective 1
H0: Factors like verbal and physical aggression of the patients and conflict with the
patient’s family members, long working hours, lack of proper nursing training and shortage
of staffs do not lead to challenging behavior of the nurses.
H1: Factors like verbal and physical aggression of the patients and conflict with the
patient’s family members, long working hours, lack of proper nursing training and shortage
of staffs lead to challenging behavior of the nurses.
Hypotheses of objective 1
H0: Factors like verbal and physical aggression of the patients and conflict with the
patient’s family members, long working hours, lack of proper nursing training and shortage
of staffs do not affect the well being of the elderly persons in a health care
H1: Factors like verbal and physical aggression of the patients and conflict with the
patient’s family members, long working hours, lack of proper nursing training and shortage
of staffs affect the well being of the elderly persons in a health care