Healthcare System: Classification, Funding, Governance, Performance, and Quality Management

This presentation provides an overview of the healthcare system in Australia and the United Kingdom, covering topics such as classification, funding, governance, performance, and quality management. It also includes population health indicators and disease rates. The presentation highlights the differences and similarities between the two countries' healthcare systems.

Healthcare system

Table of content
 Introduction
 Healthcare system classification
 Funding
 Healthcare system governance arrangement
 Population health indicator
 Health system performance indicator
 Management of the quality and safety in the health system
 Conclusion

Introduction
 The healthcare system is defined as the organisation which is consist of
people and action which is primary that have a complex factor which
may show the aspect which is well related with the intent is to promote,
restore, or the maintain the health (Bhaskar and et. al., 2020).
 In addition, they usually include some of the aspect which is well
related with the aspect which may provide the context of determinant of
the health as well they also used to promote the direct activities in order
to improve the health.

Healthcare system classification
 In the context with the classification which show the aim in order to
provide the healthcare sector with the nationally consistent method
which help to make the classification which is associated with the all
type of patient and their treatment which is well associated with cost
which make the better management, measurement and the aspect of
funding which is well related with the high quality and efficient
healthcare services (McDaid and et. al., 2019).
 The classification is usually show the comprised code which is usually
related with the clinical meaningful way which may show the
comparative aspect which is showing the link between the healthcare and
other term.

Continue
 In the context with the UK, they have government sponsored
universal healthcare system which is well called as the
National health service. In addition, it is well analysing that
the NHS is usually consist of the series of the public funded
healthcare system in the UK.
 It mainly includes the aspect which is well related with the
national health service which is well related with the England,
NHS is usually divided into the various of branch which may
consist of NHS wales and health and social care in the
Northern Ireland.

Funding
 Healthcare is the maintenance or the advancement of health via the interference, prevention, diagnosis, treatment,
amelioration, or cure of disease, wellness, injury and other physical and mental damage or impairments in people.
Healthcare is delivered by health professionals and allied health fields (Dixit and et. al., 2018).
 Healthcare in Australia is primarily funded through the public Medicare program and delivered by extremely
regulated and organised public and private health care providers. Individuals may get health insurance to cover
services offered in the private sector and foster healthcare.
 The Australian government normally finances most of the spending for medical services and supported and
subsidised medicaments. It also finances most of 5.5 billion spent on wellness and healthcare research in Australia in
2016-17. State and territorial dominion governments finance most of the disbursal or expenditure for community
health services.

Continue
 Healthcare in the United Kingdom is generally publicly funded and
paid by the taxations. UK has a private healthcare sector which is
acquired by private insurances.
 These funds are collected either as a result of employer funded
healthcare scheme or paid directly by the customer. According to an
estimate, on an average a person pays approximately 2989 pounds per
year on healthcare. National Health Service (NHS) is a general body
which is funded by the taxation system which provides primary
healthcare to all permanent residents of England free of cost.

Healthcare system governance arrangement
 Health care system in Australia and UK is totally different. The
healthcare spending in Australia is comparatively lower. In, Australia
at a very low cost the heath care is accessible to the public. Thus
Australian health care system provides affordable health care to all
Australians.
 The providers in Australia includes nurses, general practitioners,
medical specialists and health workers. In Australia health care
services are funded by government of Australia and some other
private insurance. The public health care of Australia is known as
Medicare.

Continue
 Medical health care system of UK was ranked best in all over the world.
Medical health system in UK is governed by NHS and funded through
taxation. The NHS was founded in 1946.
 Before NHS citizens of UK was not able to get free treatment. The
national healthcare system is one of the largest health care system in the
world. People who are ordinarily resident in UK can take advantage of
free treatment and operations. At the point of need health care coverage is
free. In UK 18% of citizen’s income goes towards healthcare.

Population health indicator
 Australia
 Maternal mortality rate: In the context to the Australia, the maternal mortality rate which is analysed within
the country is well proportional to the respect of years. It is well evaluated that they are associated between
the 2010 and 2019, the MMR is Australia used to show the significant relativity which is generally ranging
from the 5.0 to 8.4 per 100,000 women used to give birth.
 Infant mortality rate: The infant death rate is gradually decrease from the peak of the 5.7 death per 1000
child in the 1999 to the 2017 which is analysed 3.3 (Proksch and et. al., 2019).
 Life expectancy of birth: Babies born today which may show the aspect which is showing the higher
estimated life expectancy ever show the recorded aspect in the Australia. The male life expectancy at the
birth reached to the 81.2 years in the 2018 to 2020.

Continue
 United Kingdom
 Maternal mortality rate: In the 2017, the maternal mortality ratio which
may show the aspect which is well related with the death of the United
Kingdom that is 7 deaths per 100,000 live birth (Proksch and et. al., 2019).
 Infant mortality rate: In the current time, the rate of mortality rate which
was show the 3.6 month which is showing the 1,000 live birth in the
England and Wales.
 Life expectancy of birth: As per the current data, it is well analysed that
the life expectancy at the birth in the UK is 79.0 years for the males and
82.9 years in the for the females.

Health system performance indicator
 Low birth weight: In Australia, 294,369 registered births in
2020 and in UK it is about 1.65 birth per women.
 Obesity: In this, 67 percent of Australian faces the issue of
obesity and in UK 29 percent of the people face the issue of
obesity.
 Diabetes: 1.2 million has face the issue of diabetes, where 7
percent in UK.

Continue
 Asthma: in Australia, it is about 5.4 million and UK also
2.7 million.
 Rate of ischemic Heart: In UK is about 530, 841 death is
registered in heart patient and in Australia 1.3 million face
the issue of heart failure.
 Disease
 Cancer rate with survival data: In Australia, 24,915 and in
UK 166,000 cancer rate in UK.

Management of the quality and safety in the
health system
 While taking the contexts of Australia the management of
quality and safety in the health care systems are usually
associated with the various framework which is related with
the quality management program.
 In addition, the safety and quality of the care provide in
Australia health system is usually show the essential aspect
for the patient their families and the workers.

Continue
 In the context with the United Kingdom, the National health
services are usually play vital role in order to maintain the
management of quality and safety of the patient.
 Therefore, the National health services usually implement
patient safety strategy which focus on the maximization of right
things and minimization of wrong things which may create a
respect which is related with enhancing of consequences and
complications of the patients.

Conclusion
 As per the above discussion, it is well analyzed that the study is usually
focus on the two countries which is Australia and United Kingdom.
 Therefore, the comparison is used to made within the various criteria
that is related with the quality and health care system within the
selected to country.
 Therefore, the comparison is well stated that the funding and other
criteria which is followed within the study provide the data and
information which is equivalent and maintain the equilibrium within the
countries.

References
 Dixit, S.K. and Sambasivan, M., 2018. A review of the Australian healthcare system: A policy
perspective. SAGE open medicine, 6, p.2050312118769211.
 Taylor, A., 2021. Healthcare in Australia and Brazil. In Healthcare Technology in Context (pp. 65-79).
Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore.
 Naik, P., 2022. Multiple sclerosis specialist nursing in the UK: Results from the 2021 MS Trust nurse
mapping survey. British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 18(1), pp.47-50.
 Bhaskar, S., Bradley, S., Sakhamuri, S., Moguilner, S., Chattu, V.K., Pandya, S., Schroeder, S., Ray, D. and
Banach, M., 2020. Designing futuristic telemedicine using artificial intelligence and robotics in the COVID-
19 era. Frontiers in public health, 8, p.708.