Analyzing Business Owners' Attitudes and Behavior

This document provides a comprehensive list of research papers related to heritage management, tourism development, and cultural heritage in different countries. It includes studies on the impact of World Heritage Site designation, sustainable development, and human rights-based cultural practice. The papers cover topics such as visitor perspectives on sustainable tourism, cultural diversity, and tourism destination competitiveness.

Heritage and Cultural Tourism
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Growth and development of heritage and cultural tourism...................................................1
Covered in poster.........................................................................................................................1
1.2 Potential conflicts in conservation of heritage and cultural resources..................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Purpose of heritage and cultural attraction............................................................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
Covered in leaflet.........................................................................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................6
4.1 Evaluating methods and media used for interpretation of tourism industry for tourists.......6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Cultural heritage tourism is subset of tourism which is concerned with traveller
engagement and region culture. It specially deals with lifestyle of people who are leaving in
different geographical area, their history, art, religions. Tourism industry provides many facilities
to fulfil yearnings of visitors in different places. Along with this, it also provides job opportunity
to local people which improves their lifestyle. Other destination which has been visit by tourists
also includes historical sites, theme parks, ethnic pockets and many more. In present report, there
are various aspects which has been explained. Tibet is worldwide tourism destination which is
controlled by Chinese government. This place attracts large number of visitors towards the
culture and religion of this country. Moreover, a timeline on development of heritage and
cultural industry has been discussed. Further, the purpose of heritage and cultural attraction
towards British museum and The Royal Academy of arts is discussed. Along with this, roles and
responsibilities of government towards their origin and visitors is explained.
TASK 1
1.1 Growth and development of heritage and cultural tourism
Covered in poster
1.2 Potential conflicts in conservation of heritage and cultural resources
Potential of conflicts arises when there has not been proper communication between the
companies and government. Culture tourism is complex phenomena which includes economic,
social, ecological and many more perspectives. Government of China are facing many problems
regarding satisfying the needs of visitors. But on other side, tourism has shown positive effect on
natural and cultural convention (Ashworth and Page, 2011). Heritages places are the part of
culture which attracts customers and help to government to generate high revenue. For example,
Tibet is place where government are facing many pitfalls. These problems are related with the
growth and development of culture tourism place. The authorities and government are moving
towards and taking some reasonable steps in order to resolve conflicts. However, there are some
following potential conflicts between cultural resources and conservation of heritage which has
been discussed below:
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Disrespect of rights and interest of the tourists – If personal interest are not respected by
the tourism company, then different cultural practice, beliefs, religion, knowledge will have
adversely affected on the government income.
Conservation threats against growth – If government of China, is planning something
new for Tibet place or any other heritage sites and keeping the sits outdated then it became
difficult for them for its further development (Frey and George, 2010). The company are trying
to using outdated resources without upgrading any sites then they cannot attract more customers.
Lack of new technology and innovation – Lack of proper use of advanced technology
will adversely effect on development of tourism. The companies as well as government have to
conduct proper integrated training session, provide education opportunities for local people as
well as staff will help to them in developing heritage and tourism places.
Lack of consultation – There are many indigenous people and host community who are
taking strategic policies for the prevention of their historical sites (Barbieri and Mahoney, 2010).
along with this they are finding best alternative solution for using proper resources.
Less assess of new technologies – If government is not using different integrated
software to match their capital cost and generating large amount of revenue, management to
bring-change or providing training new and existing employees then tourism industry will not
improve so far.
Poor planning and land use – The proper planning has not been done by government of
Tibet and it is arising conflicts between tourism project and conservation of cultural heritage. It
also affecting lifestyle of host community also. They have to take proper steps in order to fulfil
desires of customers.
Lack of presentation of places – Sometimes, government is facing issues regarding the
presentation of places in front of tourists. Along with this, it is also becoming problem for local
people and host community and conflicts are arising between them (Chen and Chen, 2010).
These all hinder can become the problem for government as well as public in order to protect
their heritage places.
The resident people are also facing many problems because numerous visitors are coming
from different place and exploiting their cultures. So, government also take care of them,
because if their own culture is exploit then no visitors will come. But on other side, it is
responsibility of government they have to maintain strong customers base in Lhasa. The private
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companies have also to made contribution in developing tourism industry so far. Through this, it
will support to government in providing more amenities to visitors. Chinese government also
doing renovation in traditional Barkhor and Jokhang temple. They are planning for theme park
and investing approximately 4.8 billion dollars. Through this, they can boost tourist in future.
Whereas, InterContinental Hotel Group is also planning to open resort in Lhasa and provide
basic facilities to customers. These renovations will aid to country in developing economic
growth as well as in heritage and culture sites also. The managers are making more efforts in
providing luxuries services to customers and to maintain their strong position in competitive
market.
In an economy there are many people who are creating problems for government while
implementing any plans or policies (Chen and Chen, 2010). They are not cooperating with each
other when they are serving quality of services. For them it is essential, to cooperate with each
other in order to make sturdy customers base.
As per my opinion, if there is so much construction in heritage places then definitely it
will exploit culture of own country. Along with this, if there are so much renovation in building
time-to-time then it will impact on environment as well as resources also. But on other side, there
will be increase in job opportunities which will improve their lifestyle.
TASK 2
2.1 Purpose of heritage and cultural attraction
There are many people who are coming to UK for the purpose of travelling and to visit
historical places. If there are many attractive places which is related with heritage and culture,
then it will attract more customers and meet their demands in different ways (Choi and et. al.,
2010). For finding out the purpose of heritage and cultural attraction following two places has
been discussed which is situated in UK.
British Museum – This museum is dedicated to human history, culture and art which is
located in Bloomsbury. In this, there are many unique things which can easily invite person to
visit this place. In this building, there is also library in which visitors can spend their whole time
there. Through this, they will collect information about museum and will be known about their
history (The British Museum, 2017). Further, it will increase the knowledge of visitors and fulfil
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their specific demands. The families are coming to visit this place in order to came to know
about the culture of other country.
Figure 1: British Museum
(Source: British Museum, 2014)
The Royal Academy of Arts – It is an institution which is based in Burlington house on
Piccadilly. The purpose of this place to promote creation, appreciation and enjoyments of visual
arts while conducting exhibitions or debate. These places are useful for those visitors who are
having interest in visual arts. The owner of this place is conducting exhibition in order to
increase knowledge of visitors (Cuccia and Rizzo, 2011). It will help them to promote design and
art of British heritage buildings. The main source of income of government in form of exhibition,
cooperate funds or from trustees also. In this museum, there is variety of collection of books
which give information about history of this place.
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Figure 2: Royal Academy of Arts
(Source: Royal Academy of Arts, 2010)
There are different visitors who likely to visit at these places for different purpose. All
visitors are coming with their own purpose and visiting these places with their families, friends.
Here are some following purpose of these places which is different from each other.
Education – Visitors who are coming to visit these heritage and cultural places are
gathering wider range of information for their own academic wisdom or personal preferences. In
modern era, there are different kinds of education programme which are introducing for students
in order to increase their knowledge about heritage and culture places (Devesa, Laguna and
Palacios, 2010). Royal art academy is conducting numerous programmes which is related with
drama, visual arts which help them to provide information to students.
Research – There are some visitors who are coming for the purpose to do some research.
They are coming here to see scientific modification which is preserved here. Those people who
are having interest in visual arts or to know about culture of other country then they will come to
these places. These places will support to scientist to discover something new.
Entertainment – These places have also great source of entertainment for their visitors.
The visitors can go to these places and see creativities as well as natural scenes which might be
saw in pictures only. Nowadays, there are many old people who loves to visit and spend their
leisure time in these heritage and culture places.
The families are visiting on these places with their children in order to increase their
knowledge and know about different cultures (Jimura, 2011). It will help to children also in order
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to increase their knowledge and know about history. These kinds of places are essential for those
visitors who are belonging from literature or art backgrounds. Families of different culture are
curious to attend seminars, exhibitions which are held in Royal art academy to know more about
heritage and culture places. The government of UK is also supporting to these places while
investing large amount of funds so that they can provide better infrastructure facilities. Through
this they will satisfy the requirements of customers that what they are expecting from them.
TASK 3
Covered in leaflet
TASK 4
4.1 Evaluating methods and media used for interpretation of tourism industry for tourists
The importance of interpretation can be understanding with the help of visitor’s
experience and also it is important criteria for development and growth of tourism industry. With
the help of these interpretation, government can anticipate visitor perception towards historical
places (Keitumetse, 2011). However, they are also providing potential opportunities to visitors at
sites and special attraction so that they can have best experience. The different organisation has
to clearly specify different thematic approaches so that they can easily interpret and hold visitor’s
perception. The needs audience can also be meet by analysing their requirements. It is an
effective way for analysing customer needs which help organisation also to retain in market for a
long period of time. They have to also understand language of different people because there are
many customers who are belonging from other culture or religion. Through this, the
interpretation of audience needs can be analysing in proper manner.
For the interpretation of tourism industry, there are different methods or media which
they can used. They can adopt the published material as it helps in doing the advertisement of
distinctive tourist destination which assist in attracting large number of consumers. Along with
this they have to use updated technology which assist in interaction among all tourists. The
employees of firm can use audio as well as sensory techniques which aid in evaluating the
interpretation of tourism industry (Logan, 2012). Moreover, they can also use audio visual
techniques so that they can get actual information related to the tourist destinations and
according to that they can attract large number of consumers. The employees of firm have to
meet the prerequisites of audience so that tourists cannot face any obstacles. According to the
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tourists, guides should be provided so that while conversation with them, they cannot face any
issues. Further, tourism industry has to do research that what the consumers or visitors wants and
according to that they have to use techniques and methods to provide better services and fulfil
their desires. It will help the employees in improving performance as well as productivity in the
competitive market.
The different heritage places such as British museum and Royal art of academy are
conducting different programmes in order to attract large number of people. For example, Royal
art of academy, conducting drama, exhibition, events in order to provide knowledge to customers
and to know about the history of these places (Loulanski and Loulanski, 2011). They are also
taking help of social media for interpreting the needs of customers. At these places, they are
using different technologies in order to provide best services to customers. Here are some
following methods which can be used by them to analyse their needs.
Maps, brochures or books – The visitors are taking help of books which is provided by
the owner of this places. In books brochures it contains concise information about heritage
places. Moreover, maps help to aid visitor in planning of their destination places. In this the
information are provided relevant and these are up to date.
Guides – While any visitor is going to visit any heritage place, then it responsibility of
owner to provide them proper guidance. It is most effective method which can be used by any
tourism company because through this they can easily analyse the needs of customers (Poria, Y.,
Reichel and Cohen, 2013). Along with this, visitors can also ask any question from the tour
guide and give their feedback if they have face any pitfalls.
CONCLUSION
After summing up report it has been concluded that, government of Tibetan are adopting
many strategies in order to attract large number of customers and to resolve their issues. As it a
fabulous place in China, so it is responsibility of government to implement some new policies
which help them to earn profits and make sturdy position in market. There are many potential
conflicts which had been faced by them and it is essential for them to take proper steps to resolve
these conflicts. In modern era, there is rapidly increase in this industry, so it also become
essential for government to provide better facilities to customers. Further, in report different
places has been discussed such as British Museum, royal art of academy which gives knowledge
to visitors about their history. Through this, the visitors also came to know about different
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culture, religion which has been followed by own country. Along with this, there are different
roles and responsibilities which has been played by numerous organisation. They are performing
their duties in order to satisfying the needs of customers and protecting heritage sites also.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Ashworth, G. and Page, S. J., 2011. Urban tourism research: Recent progress and current
paradoxes. Tourism Management. 32(1). pp.1-15.
Barbieri, C. and Mahoney, E., 2010. Cultural tourism behaviour and preferences among the live‐
performing arts audience: an application of the univorous–omnivorous
framework. International Journal of Tourism Research. 12(5). pp.481-496.
Chen, C. F. and Chen, F. S., 2010. Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and
behavioral intentions for heritage tourists. Tourism management. 31(1). pp.29-35.
Chen, C. F. and Chen, P. C., 2010. Resident attitudes toward heritage tourism
development. Tourism Geographies. 12(4). pp.525-545.
Choi, A. S., and et. al., 2010. Economic valuation of cultural heritage sites: A choice modeling
approach. Tourism Management. 31(2). pp.213-220.
Cuccia, T. and Rizzo, I., 2011. Tourism seasonality in cultural destinations: Empirical evidence
from Sicily. Tourism Management. 32(3). pp.589-595.
Devesa, M., Laguna, M. and Palacios, A., 2010. The role of motivation in visitor satisfaction:
Empirical evidence in rural tourism. Tourism management. 31(4). pp.547-552.
Frey, N. and George, R., 2010. Responsible tourism management: The missing link between
business owners' attitudes and behaviour in the Cape Town tourism industry. Tourism
management. 31(5). pp.621-628.
Hayllar, B., Griffin, T. and Edwards, D., 2010. City Spaces-Tourist Places. Routledge.
Hjalager, A. M., 2010. A review of innovation research in tourism. Tourism management. 31(1).
pp.1-12.
Jimura, T., 2011. The impact of world heritage site designation on local communities–A case
study of Ogimachi, Shirakawa-mura, Japan. Tourism Management. 32(2). pp.288-296.
Keitumetse, S. O., 2011. Sustainable development and cultural heritage management in
Botswana: Towards sustainable communities. Sustainable development. 19(1). pp.49-59.
Logan, W., 2012. Cultural diversity, cultural heritage and human rights: towards heritage
management as human rights-based cultural practice. International journal of heritage
studies. 18(3). pp.231-244.
Loulanski, T. and Loulanski, V., 2011. The sustainable integration of cultural heritage and
tourism: a meta-study. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 19(7). pp.837-862.
Nicholas, L. and Thapa, B., 2010. Visitor perspectives on sustainable tourism development in the
pitons management area world heritage site, St. Lucia. Environment, Development and
Sustainability. 12(5). pp.839-857.
Poria, Y., Reichel, A. and Cohen, R., 2013. Tourists perceptions of World Heritage Site and its
designation. Tourism Management. 35. pp.272-274
Richards, G., 2011. Tourism development trajectories: From culture to creativity? Tourism &
Management Studies. (6). pp.9-15.
Timothy, D. J. ed., 2017. Managing heritage and cultural tourism resources: Critical essays,
Volume one. Routledge.
Wang, Y. and Bramwell, B., 2012. Heritage protection and tourism development priorities in
Hangzhou, China: A political economy and governance perspective. Tourism
Management. 33(4). pp.988-998.
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Yang, C. H., Lin, H. L. and Han, C. C., 2010. Analysis of international tourist arrivals in China:
The role of World Heritage Sites. Tourism management. 31(6). pp.827-837.
Zhang, H., and et. al., 2011. The evaluation of tourism destination competitiveness by TOPSIS &
information entropy–A case in the Yangtze River Delta of China. Tourism
Management. 32(2). pp.443-451.
Online
Royal Arts of Academy. 2016. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/>. [Accessed on 23rd June 2017].
The British Museum. 2017. [Online]. Available through: <http://www.britishmuseum.org/>.
[Accessed on 23rd June 2017].
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