Understanding HIV Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention Strategies

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HIV Disease
HIV is defined as human immunodeficiency virus that alters the human immune
system. It is a part of health disease that attacks on the human immune cells which is
called CD-4 cells and AIDS are the very common syndrome that may occur due to the
HIV virus. It is identified that HIV is a retrovirus which can affect the vital organs and
cells of the individual body system (Archin, et al., 2012). The main aim of this research
essay is to describe the concept of the HIV virus and their impacts on human health. The
rate of HIV is increasing very quickly and it depends upon the numbers of
environmental factors, for example, the age of the person, the ability of their body and
immune system. This essay is evaluating the key elements that influence the problem of
HIV virus and strategies or policies to avoid this kind of health disorder in Australia. For
better understanding a literature review will be conducted in this essay and data will be
collected from various resources such as journal articles, research papers, and online
websites. It is researched that there are main three processes by which HIV is
transmitted in the body such as sexual transmission, perinatal transmission, blood
transmission (Baeten, et al., 2012).
The HIV is a subgroup of retrovirus which causes the HIV infection and due to
HIV the problem of AIDS also occurs. AIDS is a situation in which progressive failure of
the immune system allows life-threatening infection. In some cases, the HIV virus is a
transmitted disease which occurs by sharing blood, semen, and veginal fluids. It is
investigated that the rate of HIV has increased by 20% in the year 2011 and it can affect
the cells in the immune system, for example, helper T cells, dendritic cells and CD-4 cells
(Baral, et al., 2012). The immune system also helps the body fight off infection and it is
transmitted by the bodily fluids which involve blood, semen, breast milk and rectal
fluids.
This type of health disorder does not spread in the air and any casual
communication but it can affect the lungs and other parts of the body. Today this is a
very serious problem in Australia because most the individuals contact with other
without using any protection and treatment by which the problem of AIDS has been
increased. If any person who has HIV problem does not take proper treatment then he
can die due to the AIDS and other health issues. In the year 2014 around 2 million

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people worldwide were diagnosed due to the HIV and AIDS in which the percentage of
women is very large rather than men (Beyrer, et al., 2012) During the condition of HIV
the immune system is too weak and the patient can face other health related disease
and infections. It is detected that almost 1.1 million Australian people are currently
living with the HIV and AIDS in which most the people are adults aged between 18 and
40 years. The AIDS is one of the advanced stages which are occurred due to the HIV
infection and the problem of cancer is associated with the HIV and AIDS. For the
prevention of this problem, a new technique has developed that is antiretroviral drugs
and it is analysed that if any person has AIDS that means their immune system is
severely compromised. It is estimated that between 2014 and 2015 the rate of HIV and
AIDS has raised by 10% in Australia and almost 1.1 million people have suffered this
health issue (Boyer, et al., 2017).
There are many scientists they detected a kind of chimpanzee in Africa as the
source of HIV in human and they observed that the chimpanzee version of the SIV was
transmitted to the individual. Latest researched indicates that the problem of HIV can
be moved from apes to human as far back as the late 1900s and this type of virus spread
in Africa and Australia very quickly. According to the world health organization if any
person has this health disease and does not adopt any treatment then they will progress
by main three stages, for example, acute HIV contagion, clinical latency, and AIDS. There
are numbers of writers that provided their opinion on the topic of HIV and they
identified that most of the individuals do not take follow any kind of treatment
regarding HIV infection that directly impacts on the human immune system
(Choopanya, et al., 2013).
The first stage of this disease is acute HIV infection in which individual may
experience a flu-like illness and a large amount of HIV viruses are entered in their blood.
But the person with the actuate infection can often unaware that they are infected and if
any person has been exposed to this disease by sex then can take complete treatment.
According to the recent report produced by the WHO on HIV/AIDS around 33 million
persons are living with the HIV and AIDS in which most the people are adults aged
between 18 and 25 years. Almost 2 million people die every year because they did not
follow proper treatment and in the year 2006 690000 patients received the ART
process for the first time (Deeks, et al., 2012).

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In the middle countries, it is identified that 2 million people were received
proper treatment at the end of 2007 and the rate of HIV is growing due to lack of health
promotion, complete treatment and lack of exercise or physical activities. The Deeks, et
al., (2013) produced a literature review on the topic of HIV infection and the relevant
data or information is collected with the help of primary and secondary research design.
The article of HIV progression model has been published in the year 2009 at that time
the most of people in Australia are facing the issue of HIV and AIDS. Almost 3940
journal articles found in which only 90 papers met the inclusion criteria and most of the
writers described the cause and symptoms of this health disorder.
Freiberg, et al., (2013) indicates the various types of approaches and models that
can identify the impact of HIV on the human body and key factors that enhance the
percentage of HIV worldwide. The recent health issue in HIV involves around 7 peer-
reviewed papers to gather the relevant information about the research topic. It is
estimated that in the year 2020 around 212 million people will be diagnosed due to the
HIV and AIDS and according to the latest investigation around 13 million children have
lost one or both parent due to lack of proper treatment (Haynes, et al., 2012). As per the
discussion of NHS around 22 million adults and school children were suffered from the
HIV in Africa in the year 2007 and at that time almost 1 million people died from the
HIV virus. The numbers of countries in the world adopted the primary health care
services and the main aim of this health care is to avoid the problem of HIV and AIDS.
Heffron, et al., (2012) shows that the care of old people is not much priority in
several countries and most of the medical schools and colleges does not provide courses
and training for the prevention of HIV and another health disease. For example, the
national qualification framework in Australia removed the gerontological nursing
courses and there are very fewer healthcare organizations in Australia and other
countries by which people cannot receive proper treatment of their disease. The recent
evidence indicates that the problem of HIV is improving in the older population and the
rate of HIV in older people is very high as compared to the adults. But the percentage of
AIDS is very high in the adults aged between 18 and 35 years rather than the older
population. Moreover, most of the writers provided their views on the HIV disease and
they analysed that in last few years the problem of HIV has occurred in the college
students and older people whose aged above 50 years and it is not a type of health