Understanding HIV Disease: Key Factors, Prevention Strategies, and Role of Nurses and ART Therapy

HIV disease

HIV
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HIV Disease
The term HIV refers as human immunodeficiency virus which is the type of
health disorder that affects the immune system of a human. It is also called as a virus
because its impacts on the patient immune system due to which they can suffer from the
problem of AIDS infection. There are mainly two kinds of syndrome occur in the HIV
disease, for example, CD-4 and AIDS and most of the people are living with the problem
of HIV and AIDS (Antelman, et al., 2007). The main purpose of this essay is to identify
the key factors that influence the issue of HIV and discuss the role of nurses and ART
therapy for the prevention of HIV. There are many authors and researcher provided
numbers of journal articles on this health issue which will be discussed in this essay
with their aim and objectives. It is estimated that the rate of HIV disorder has increased
by 20% in the year 2014 and today this rate is growing very fast due to the uncertainty
of foods and exercise. According to the World health organization, around 2 million
people in Australia were diagnosed due to HIV in between 2014 and 2015. This essay is
explaining the signs and symptoms of HIV and how this type of disease spread and
different types of strategies or policies for the prevention of HIV.
This type of health issue affects the human body system and generally its attacks
on the immune system of an individual. The immune system is one of the main parts for
any person that defences against infections and viruses, for example, bacteria. Due to
HIV virus, this system does not work properly due to which this virus spread in the
whole body parts and can damage human lungs and heart (Baker, et al., 2008). It is
observed that all kinds of germs or viruses infect the cells and GIV produce few cells in
the immune system that block the blood circulation in the person body parts. There are
mainly two kinds of cells occur in any HIV patient such as CD-4 cells and T cells.
When HIV block the CD-4 cells then it turns these cells in the factory of viruses
and it forces to the CD-4 cells to make numbers of copies of HIV virus (Baum, et al.,
2009). This is a very serious problem in Australia because a recent survey found that in
the year 2016 almost 30% of Australian people were suffered from the problem of HIV
and AIDS. AIDS is also a very common health problem which is occurred due to the HIV
virus and most the people are living with the AIDS. AIDS was first detailed in the United

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States in 1981 and has since turned into a noteworthy overall pestilence. Helps is the
most progressive phase of contamination caused by HIV (Baum, et al., 2009).
The names HIV and AIDS can be befuddling in light of the fact that the two terms
portray a similar malady. Be that as it may, the vast majority who are HIV positive don't
have AIDS. A man with HIV contamination is said to have AIDS when his or her safe
framework turns out to be so powerless it can't ward off particular sorts of diseases and
tumours, for example, PCP (a kind of pneumonia) or KS (Kaposi sarcoma, a kind of
malignancy that influences the skin and inside organs), squandering disorder
(automatic weight reduction), memory debilitation, or tuberculosis (Baum, et al., 2010).
According to Burt, et al., (2008) an individual with HIV is diagnosed with the
problem of AIDS when his or her immune system did not work properly and most of the
people that follow healthy diets and exercise are very fit and their immune systems are
working properly. Therefore, people can take complete treatment if they have HIV and
AIDS and they can communicate with doctors for better understanding. It is analysed
that between 2015 and 2017 the rate of HIV has improved by 30% in which most of the
people are below 40 years (Deeks, Lewin, & Havlir, 2013).
It is a type of health issue that does not spread from person to person, by
communicating with; by any sexual process but it spread by certain body fluids which
can attacks on the immune system like cells CD-4. This is a very dangerous problem
because it HIV can destroy so many cells and body parts by which people can face the
issue of blood cancer. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2008) identified
the main three stages of HIV infection, for example, Acute HIV, clinical latency and AIDS.
Within 1 to 3 weeks after this infection, certain people produce flu-like signs and
symptoms such as low fever, sore throat, muscle and joint aches and body pain. This
stage is defined as an acute retroviral syndrome and also called as primary HIV
infection.
If any people feel that they have few symptoms of HIV disease then they can
protect their body and immune system by taking medical services and they should eat
only healthy foods. At the time of early infection, a large number of germs are
introduced in the human body and these virus attacks on the cells and make a large
number of viruses in the patient body (Ekouevi, et al., 2008). During this stage, people

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are a very high risk of transmitting HIV to their sexual sharing partners because the
amount of HIV is very high in their blood. Clinical latency is the second stage after the
acute stage of HIV disease and in which latency refers as a period where the HIV virus is
living.
At the time of this stage, the HIV infection continues to regenerate at a low level
and it cannot identify with standard practical tests. It is observed by the scientists if any
person takes ART therapy then he or she cannot progress to find AIDS because this type
of treatment helps to identify the HIV virus in their body system. During this stage,
individuals are able to produce this type of virus into other person and the problem of
transmission can be reduced by proper treatments. Recent studies show that the ART is
a very popular treatment for the HIV that has the ability to decrease the rate of virus
and transmission of germs into other people (Emlet, Tozay, & Raveis, 2010).
The last stage of HIV infection is AIDS which is also a very complex issue
worldwide and it occurs when the immune system of the patient does not work
properly or completely damaged by the HIV. It is researched by Deeks, & Phillips,
(2009) if the total numbers of CD-4 cells in any human falls below the 200 cells/mm3
then that person considered in the category of AIDS. If any person has a strong immune
system and that has between 500 and 1600 CD-4 cells then he or she can suffer from
this stage. Without any treatment, people can be being diagnosed with AIDS for 3 years
and it is observed that 2 million people were suffered from the problem of AIDS.
Individuals living with HIV may advance through these phases at various rates,
contingent upon an assortment of elements, including their hereditary cosmetics, how
sound they were before they were contaminated, how many infections they were
presented to and its hereditary attributes, how not long after disease they are analysed
and connected to mind and treatment, regardless of whether they see their human
services supplier consistently.
On the off chance that any individual who has HIV issue does not take
appropriate treatment then he can kick the bucket because of the AIDS and other
medical problems (Heimer, 2007). This kind of wellbeing issues does not spread
noticeably all around and any easy-going correspondence, however, it can influence the
lungs and different parts of the body. According to the talk of NHS around 22 million