TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................1 LO 1................................................................................................................................................1 Influence of politics, culture and power on behavioural attributes............................................1 LO 2................................................................................................................................................3 Strategies used by organisation to motivate its employees........................................................3 LO 3.................................................................................................................................................5 Approaches to establish cooperation among team members......................................................5 LO 4.................................................................................................................................................6 Application of organisational behaviour theory to Google........................................................6 CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................7 REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................9
INTRODUCTION Organisational behaviour is known as the application of theories to analyse and improve the behaviour and working of people within organisations. The study also evaluate the impact of this behaviour on overall performance of company. The theories of organisational behaviour apply various theories for understanding, predicting and controlling the behaviour of employees within companies so that business goals can be achieved (Pereira, Malik and Froese, 2017). The report will evaluate the impact of culture on performance of employees of Google LLC. The organisation is multinational technology organisation and is known worldwide for its excellent services like online marketing techniques, hardware, networking, software and search engine services. Google is considered as the leading technical giant in the world. The report will evaluate the motivational theories used by Google to improve performance of its employees and to develop better coordination in its team structures. The report will also explain various philosophiesoforganisationalbehaviourfordevelopingbetterunderstandingofthese management activities and their significance. LO 1 Influence of politics, culture and power on behavioural attributes The organisational culture of Google is considered as one of the key factor which makes it first choice of talent pool to select as their employer. The major component of its culture are innovation, risk taking and open and friendly communication among team members. The organisation always encourages its employees to bring their creativity without any fear of failure or hesitation. Such working culture and authority makes its employees highly productive which is reflected through performance of company (Kitchin, 2017). To develop more emotional and social connections among employees organisation allows and provide opportunities to them to interact with each other. Such interaction helps organisation to build more strong and effective teams. If company will limit such interactions then the innovations and team performance may not achieve such high level of excellence. The friendly working culture does not affect performanceadverselyitisalsoensuredbythecompanythroughregularperformance evaluation. Along with the culture the power and authority factor also plays key role in high performance of organisation. Google ensures that it have minimum number of managerial posts 1
so that all team members are equally involved in decisions and strategies (An Analysis of Google’s organizational culture, 2017). When company provides equal power and respect to all employees then it creates a healthy competitive environment. Instead of providing lesscooperation to leader who is appointed without consent of team members Google appoints its leaders on the basis of performance so that all individuals give support to it and provides their full cooperation. On the other hand the companies which do not value the equal power distribution suffers from ineffective team performance due to less cooperation from team members to their leaders. The culture of Google is very flexible and friendly which regularly inspires its employees toperformwithexcellence.Forinstancethecompanyprovidesvariousfacilitiesof entertainment, facilities to brings dogs and pets by their employees. Such small measures create a positive impression among employees and they always have a soft corner and gratitude towards their workplace. Instead of taking operational activities as burden the employees enjoy being at workplace. Such strategies thus helps company to manage its goals on time and with most efficient manner. In order to make the organisational culture of Google more creative the management authorities have made open communication channels so that employees can interact with managementwhenevertheyrequired(Clay-WilliamsandBraithwaite,2015).Apartfrom promoting innovation such approach also helps company to understand the needs and issues of their human resources. The human resources are the key success elements of organisation. The better understanding of their behaviour helps Google to resolve problems and corporate issues very quickly and easily. This type of organisational culture is essential for companies to avoid any delay or inaccuracy in functional activities or organisation because the flexible and comfortable working culture inspires employees to work with more dedication for company. The company provides equal opportunities of growth to all individuals. Instead of following this culture if company will favour any particular group or individuals then other team members may not satisfy and agree with these philosophies. It will create internal conflicts among employees for power and authority. Such conflicts are definitely unsuitable for sustaining the success of organisation (Hashim and Wok, 2014). 2
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LO 2 Strategies used by organisation to motivate its employees The motivation can inspire individuals and teams to achieve their functional duties with better efficiency. The organisation can achieve its desired level of success when its functional building blocks like its human resources are highly skilled and can achieve all business objectives. However, the motivational strategies can affect the performance in both positive and negative direction. For instance if employees does not feel any significant reason for improving the quality of work then they will never make attempts to improve their work or performance. On the other hand if company uses effective motivational tools then it can encourage its employees to even achieve challenging task (Mittal, S. and Dhar, R.L., 2015). Google use different motivational aspects which can be analysed through following theories: Reinforcement theory of motivation: This motivational approach is based on the concept of providing rewards as well as punishments for the achievements and undesirables outputs.Google effectively use this theory with its innovative additions. The organisation provides rewards to its employees when they perform with great quality. For instance the Founder's award and recognition among fellow team members regularly motivates employees to work with more efficiency so that they can also get rewards. On the other hand when employees fails to meet desired outputs then feedbacks is provided to them so that they can improve their performance. When some individuals commit mistakes the senior authorities also consider it as learning source instead of giving punishment for it. Due to such flexibility and trust in employee and organisation relation individuals always aims at delivering excellent services. Motivation theory based on Adam's equity concept: The key factor which is helpful to retain the excellent performance giving employees is the recognition and suitable rewards which matches the output they deliver. Most of the employees believe that they are not treated equally in organisation and other employees are getting more benefits despite their low efforts (Paull and Whitsed, 2018). Such thinking and analysis always prohibits employees to make additional efforts for the benefits of organisation. To resolve such issue Google ensure that the work of each individual is recognized and paid. The company ensures that organisational culture is fun loving, flexible and must fulfil all desires, 3
comfort and expectations of employees. The organisation follows strict process for recruitments and provides extremely good packages to its employees. To value the efforts of every individual organisation pays good incentives and interacts regularly with its employees so that they can share their concerns and management can resolve them without letting those issues to affect performance. Theory of McClelland's achievement According to this motivational theory the employees are motivated for work when their needs are fulfilled by the employer. Each individual has different need requirements.Google aims at satisfying the needs of every team members so that its employees can work with full concentration. Some individual requires achievements. For them challenging tasks serves as inspirational and source of motivation. To meet such needs organisation regularly brings innovation in its practices thus individuals never get bored or habitual of repeated tasks. The uniqueness and challenges in every task or activity given them a sufficient reason to maintain high quality so that they can continue get such opportunities (Kokt and Ramarumo, 2015). Google also provides equal opportunities for growth and promotion to achieve levels of top management. The continuous exposure to achieve power and affiliation motivates individuals to lead other employees in terms of performance. Need hierarchy of Maslow: The Maslow's motivation theory follows the principle that needs of human resources must be followed starting from lower levels and then shifting to upper level needs. The organisational culture ofGoogle provides services such as entertainment tools, refreshment services, free cafeteria, attractive work breaks which includes fun events like volleyball matches provides great comfort to its employees. The job security and attractive financial benefits along with such innovative culture is maintained by Google so that its employees enjoy their workplace and accomplish their tasks with more creativity, concentration and positive attitude. When these basic level needs of individuals are fulfilled then, team members also expect that their growth needs are also fulfilled. Google effectively manage to address these growth needs (PuÄŤÄ—taitÄ— and et.al., 2016). The company provides performance based evaluation and effective channels for communication. 4
Being a technical legend the organisation provides plenty of opportunities which motivates its employees to perform well so that they can continually remain the members of organisation. These motivational theories used by Google to improve its performance and to regulate the behaviour of its employees are highly productive. Without using these theories it can be difficult for the organisation to retain its employees and to enhance their skills. The motivation generates the self awareness among employees for developing their skills which are essential for the benefits of company (Burnes, Hughes and By, 2018). LO 3 Approaches to establish cooperation among team members The team unity and cooperation are the basic elements which ensure that operational tasks are successfully executed. The key elements which leads to conflicts among team members and lower extent of cooperation are the ineffective communication and conflicts among team members. The conflicts among team members may arise due to personal differences, diversity in working methodologies and insecurities that their work will not be recognised by organisation in teams. Google has very clear and effective strategies to ensure that the organisational teams are efficient and personal differences do not overcome the organisational benefits and goals. To address the personal differences company periodically conducts fun events and get together so that team members can communicate and interact with each others. It helps them to resolve the differences (Mahembe and et.al., 2015). The organisation does not support the tendency to shift failure blames on single team member thus team members have equal accountability and they are encouraged to work with coordination and cooperation for achieving their goals. The extreme competitive and superiority feeling among members of team can act as a barrier to bring cooperation among members.Google follows the policy to give achievement rewards to individuals along with entire groups. Hence, all members aims at improving their performance along with cooperation with other team members so that they can receive personal appreciations and success in team as well. The organisation provides psychological safety to its team members so that they do not fear to provide cooperation and support to other team members. 5
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Every team member in Google workspace has clear idea and description about its job role and responsibilities. The clarity in work helps team members to avoid the conflicts which is essential for bringing cooperation in teams. The company provides sufficient resources to every individuals so that they can perform their functional activities on time and with efficiency (Clay- Williams and Braithwaite, 2015). If team members have limited resources then, there are possibilities that they may face conflicts over accessing those resources. It can lead delay and non cooperation among employees. Such events give team members an easy excuse to shift the blame of failures on each others. Google also follow deep analysis and evaluation for team formations so that team comprises compatible members and there is minimum occurrence of conflicts among them. For choosing team leaders along with the performance criteria several other factors are considered by Google such as communication and problem solving skills, resource management skill and social relations of leaders with other team members (Google Spent Years Studying Effective Teams. This Single Quality Contributed Most to Their Success, 2018). By appointing such supportive leaders it becomes easy for the company to retain cooperation among its team members. LO 4 Application of organisational behaviour theory to Google Organisation behavioural theories directly deals with the controlling of human resource behaviour so that corporate culture can be made more profitable and professional. The concepts associated with organisation behaviour are based upon nature of company and human resources working within the organisation. For achieving the efficient level of accuracy and quality in the work practices Google must ensure that the individual differences among team members are not prioritised more than the business objectives. The productive outputs can be received only when effective teams are formed and this is not possible without eliminating individual differences. The individuals have differences in their choices, culture and behavioural practices (Kitchin, 2017). From the philosophical perspective the differences between team members can be controlled by using ethical values. For instance when organisation will provide equal opportunities of growth and respect only then there will be lesser team conflicts.Google evaluate the performance of its employees as a whole person. It motivates the individuals to develop a positive behaviour towards the functional activities Apart 6
from owing skills of employees Google also follow the policy of recruiting the complete set of individuals including their skills, drawbacks as well as mistakes. When individuals make any mistakes then instead of blaming each other or giving punishments organisation and its teams shares the joint responsibilities. It encourages the employees to provide more support to their teams and recruited resources (Pereira, Malik and Froese, 2017). From the context of ethical philosophy the behaviour of employees can be in favour of company's success only when employees are given respect and dignity. Googleensurethatitsteammembershaveeveryfacilityoftheircomfortand requirement.Theworkingcultureoforganisationstrictlysupportsandfavourtheequal behaviour with all and avoiding discrimination on the basis of designation, job role and duties, financial or racial grounds or any other perspective. It is implemented in Google with great innovative and strategic approach. The top level leaders such as CEO, managers always keeps an open communication path for the employees of all levels. In order to bring the most productive organisation behaviour practices company employs various strategies for motivation and job satisfaction. The research teams at Google identifies the need of individual so that suitable motivational theories can be applied to affect the behaviour of team members. Thus, if organisation wants to sustain its success and growth then it is beneficial to analyse the behaviour of its team, individuals and leaders. The lack of organisation behaviour concepts can generate internal conflicts which cannot be considered as the beneficial for the growth of company (Hashim and Wok, 2014). These conflicts can also give advantage to other competitive companies and will lead organisation to lag behind. CONCLUSION From the report it can be concluded that for success of organisations it is important to investigate the behavioural aspects of groups and individuals. The report has explained the role of power and culture on influencing the behaviour of individuals. It has also demonstrated the significance of motivational theories and cooperation within companies for executing their operational activities. Thus, it can also be observed and concluded that for achieving new growth and quality levels organisations must evaluate the organisational behaviour and the factors which can affect the behavioural and performance aspects of their employees. 7
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Pučėtaitė, R., Novelskaitė, A., and et.al., 2016. The relationship between ethical organisational culture and organisational innovativeness: Comparison of findings from Finland and Lithuania.Journal of business ethics.139(4). pp.685-700. Online AnAnalysisofGoogle’sorganizationalculture,2017[Online].Accessedthrough <https://www.cheshnotes.com/an-analysis-of-googles-organizational-culture/> Google Spent Years Studying Effective Teams. This Single Quality Contributed Most to Their Success, 2018 [Online]. Accessed through <https://www.inc.com/justin-bariso/google- spent-years-studying-effective-teams-this-single-quality-contributed-most-to-their- success.html> 9