HNBS 316 Operations and Project Management

HNBS 316 Operations and Project
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO1..................................................................................................................................................1
1. Introduction of the organization ..............................................................................................1
2. Difference between operation and operation management .....................................................2
3. Implementation of operations management principles in Tesco.............................................3
4. Operations management will meet requirements of Tesco......................................................3
LO2..................................................................................................................................................4
5. Continuous improvement as a philosophy and lean principles ...............................................4
6.Continuous improvement plan .................................................................................................5
7. Recommendation on continuous improvement principles ......................................................6
LO3 .................................................................................................................................................6
1. Overview of case study ...........................................................................................................6
2. Product Life cycle and its stages..............................................................................................7
3. Applicability of PLC stage in the project ...............................................................................8
LO4..................................................................................................................................................8
6. Effectiveness of PLC ..............................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Operation management refers to the process of doing planning, organizing, controlling
and performing different task in the organization. It will help in increasing level of efficiency of
doing work in the premises. Operation management plays an important part in the company for
improving productivity and effective in the work (Wilson, Bhakoo and Samson, 2018). This
process includes three elements such as raw material, work-in-progress and finished goods.
Present study will be based on Tesco company. It is a British multinational groceries and
general merchandise retailer. Third largest retailer in the world.
Report will emphasize on difference between operation and operation management and
its implementation in the organization. It includes different parameters that will meet
requirements of the business and philosophy for the continuous improvement. It will also include
plan for continuous improvement that will be supported by principles of the company (Eyers
and Naim, 2019). Furthermore, it will include project life cycle and its different stages that will
help in supporting documentation of each stage and the effectiveness of this cycle and by
applying models and concepts in the business for long term.
LO1
1. Introduction of the organization
Tesco is the third largest retailer in the world in terms of revenue as compared to other
companies in the United Kingdom. It was founded by Jack Cohen in 1919 with headquarter at
Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire. This name was first come in 1924 and it has shops in across
seven countries nearby UK. Its first shop is opened in 1931 in Burnt Oak, Barnet. Its business is
expanded in 1939 and cover the largest market share across country. In 1990 it has its operation
in 11 countries. It has expanded its business in various areas such as books, clothing, financial
services, toys, petrol, software, internet services etc (Sterman and et. al., 2015). It is known as
down market low cost retailer in earlier times in the marketplace. It is also listed under London
Stock Exchange. It market capital is approximately £ 18.1 billion in 2015 and stood at 28th
largest company in listing under stock exchange. It made its new labels of its product that will
help in getting more involved in the activities of the business.
Its first supermarket is established in Maldon in 1956. In 1961 its name came in
Guinness Book of records as the largest shop in Europe. It has approximately 40 supermarkets in
the North England. Furthermore, it will expand its market into Scotland. It is providing loyalty
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card and club card to its customers that will help in attracting more customer towards the
company. It also provides facility through internet shopping and home delivery to them for
betterment in their life. It also becoming involved in the internet groceries that will help in
capturing larger market share in the country. It is dealing in different variety of products that will
help in facilitating various services to its customers (Maylor, Turner and Murray-Webster, 2015).
In Thailand it came into joint venture with Charoen Pokphand group but after sometime it will be
facing difficulties in the future course of action. It acquired 21 remaining safe way shops that
will be developed its market into various sectors that will help in getting into wider forms as it is
growing at a fast pace in the UK.
2. Difference between operation and operation management
Operations Operations management
It refers to the process that include different
activities that will be occurred in the Tesco
company.
It refers to the process that deal with different
stages from manufacturing of a product till the
goods is delivered to customers.
It is related with the production process in
Tesco .
It is related with business operations of the
company.
The main objective is to provide good quality
product and services to its customers at
cheaper rates.
In this its main objective is to utilization of
proper resources that will provide the best
product to the customers that will help in
satisfying their needs and wants.
It helps in carrying out all the activities of the
business (Papachristos and et. al., 2018).
It will look after the process through which
product is manufactured as raw material then
work in progress and lastly it will be converted
into finished goods.
In this cost is not incurred much in the
operations of product and services.
In this operational cost is very much that will
be providing different elements that required
for reducing the cost of the company.
For running operations smoothly different
activities is being done by the company to
Different elements that will be providing
different segments that will be beneficial for
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enhance business in future course of action. the Tesco in the future (Maylor and et. al.,
2018).
It includes logistics and warehousing that will
be needed for carrying products and services
from one place to another that will be helpful
in the future for Tesco.
It incudes proper utilization of product and
services into the business that will lead to
growth in the business.
3. Implementation of operations management principles in Tesco
Reality:- This principle of operation management will be implemented into Tesco by evaluating
various aspects of the business that will be beneficial for various purpose. Under operation's
management overall focus will be on problem that is providing different techniques that will be
helpful for Tesco. This principle will be implemented into business as company have to focus on
completing its goals and objectives in the future.
Humility:- This will help in enhancing relation with different employees in the company that
will be helpful for the future course of action. Trial and error method will be help in resolving
problem during operations that will help in increasing various aspects that will be helpful for the
future (Schönsleben, 2018). As different aspects that will help in evaluating different categories
that will be providing different segments for the future.
Success:- It can be achieved in Tesco by fulfilling various aspects of Tesco. As providing better
quality product to the customer will help in getting success in the future. Production of a product
or services is totally depended on the manufacturing department and the raw material that is
being used while manufacturing product or services.
Accountability:- Maintaining accountability will help in improving operations of Tesco that will
lead to provide many aspects that will be important for the future course of action. If goals of the
company will be achieved easily that will help in creating accountability in the business.
Therefore, above principles of operations management will help in increasing
productivity as well as profitability in Tesco after its implementation in the business.
4. Operations management will meet requirements of Tesco
There are different elements that will be included in the operation of the company that
will be helpful in providing different aspect that will lead to growth in the business. As in Tesco
operational activity will be running at fast pace that will helpful for the future (Anand and Gray,
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2017). It includes various aspects of the company that will create different operations for the
business. Operation of Tesco may b related to working that will be occurred in different sectors
of the company. Every company is consisting of different sectors that will facilitate different
segments for improvement in the operations of Tesco. Providing flexibility to the employees will
help in gaining more involvement in business as they are nit bounded to work that will affect
their work operations in Tesco. Every company is having different perspective of performing its
operation while there are different aspects that will be required for increasing efficiency in
business that will lead to create various segments for the future. If proper strategy is being used
in Tesco that will help in reduction of time of production that is occurred without any planning.
In involves re-engineering in the operations of the company that will be providing different
elements as it is important that organizing these aspects will be beneficial for the company
(Ravinder and Kollikkathara, 2017). It is also important to noted while manufacturing product
every stage will be check that requirements will be provided while checking into different aspect
of the Tesco.
LO2
5. Continuous improvement as a philosophy and lean principles
It is important to do continuous improvement in Tesco that will lead to increase
productivity as well as efficiency of doing work in the company. There are various aspects that
will help in improvement in the process that will be used by Tesco for future. It is a philosophy
of improving continuous process of Tesco that will lead to growth in business. In addition to it
there are various aspects that will be creating improvement in the different aspects of business
for the future. Value will be added in the work that will help in gaining different aspect for the
future.
Lean Principles
Identify Value:- This principle help in making efficiency and improvement in the process that
will be used for future course of action. In Tesco different process is used that will be providing
value to product. If valuable product is being manufactured in the company that will help in
gaining more knowledge in the process system that is used in Tesco. If quality of product is good
then this will bring value in that product and helpful for different perspective.
Mapping of value stream:- This is mainly focused on the value that will be provided to
customers in the future. After identification of value of business will lead to create different
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perspective that will be gaining more knowledge and help in evaluating various methods that will
be used for manufacturing product in Tesco.
Flow of production:- This aspect of lean is related to the production process in Tesco that will
create value for the company in the future (Hollenstein and et. al., 2019). Therefore, these lean
principles will help in increasing value of the product and services that will satisfy needs and
wants of customers.
6.Continuous improvement plan
Area of improvement Action Time frame Evaluation
Implementation of
Human resource
information system
 Organize a full
set up in Tesco
by vacant
space for
implementation
of software in
the company.
 Availability of
proper team of
IT department
that will be
able to install
software in
Tesco.
1 week It can be evaluated by
checking its working
in the company it is
working properly or
not. If it is not working
good then there will be
mistake in
implementing software
In case it is working
properly then it get
success in operating
software in Tesco.
Laboratory set up for
testing raw material
 Space is
required for
setting
laboratory and
its equipment.
 Team is called
for setting up
laboratory with
1 month By testing raw
material in the
laboratory will help in
getting idea regarding
its implementation in
Tesco.
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proper
equipment in
Tesco that will
bring
efficiency in
doing work and
provide quality
product to
customers
(Choi and et.
al., 2018).
7. Recommendation on continuous improvement principles
It can be recommended that there are different principles that are implemented into Tesco
that will help in improvement in operations of company. By taking into account principle like
focusing on customer this principle should be applied in Tesco for fulfilling their needs and
wants for the future. If Tesco is manufacturing product according to customer then it will gain
more profit and increase in its sales in the future as more customers are attracted towards it.
Customers are the king of market in present scenario so it is important to satisfy their demands
that will help in growth for Tesco. It should be recommend to focus on customers as they are the
reason for increasing growth and sales. Improvement will be provided into manufacturing
process so that it will help in providing quality product and services to its customer.
Another principle is setting goals, incorporate feedback that will help in increasing
efficiency in Tesco (Maylor and Turner, 2017). Continuous improvement in Tesco will help in
achieving goals and objectives of the company. Employees are motivated to do work effective
and efficient that will lead to future growth in business. This principle should be used by Tesco
for further improvement in manufacturing process as well as quality of product to customers.
LO3
1. Overview of case study
This case study is based upon large manufacturing organization that is situated in
Midlands in which 1250 employees are working. In this organization staff are employed on
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different post such as office staff and factory workers. Both office staff and workers are looking
upon building where construction is being carried out. In this position of Project and Programme
Office that is responsible for delivering changing in programme for the organization. During
induction and personal development plan it is asked by manager to prepare a plan for the project
that is being carried out in the company. There are two objectives that is being fulfilled while
completing this project and these objectives are reduction in movement of staff from company in
the lunch break that will create issues in the local area. Another objective that is to fulfilled is
that helping staff to develop a healthy life style that will be needed for the reducing staff
absenteeism from the company. These objectives will be fulfilled by achieving goals and
objectives of the company that will be helpful in the future. Project life cycle is implemented into
the company for future course of action that will help in increasing efficiency and profitability in
the business.
2. Product Life cycle and its stages
Product life cycle refers to the process through which every product have to pass from its
introduction stage till its declining stage in the market. It includes following stages:-
Introduction:- This is the first stage in which product is introduced into the market and its
acceptance by the consumer. Here product is known in the market and consumers are shifted
from old product to new product that will help in increasing sales and profit of the company. At
this stage competition is low as there are fewer competitors of similar product in the market so
prices are high and sales are low. For acceptance of product by consumer's company is doing
expenditure on advertisement.
Growth:- Here, product is accepted by consumers that will help in rapid growth in the market.
Competition is also increasing and prices are falling down. Advertisement expenditure will also
increase due to increase in competition. This will also help in increasing market share in the
marketplace.
Maturity:- At this stage price and profit of the company will be fallen down because of the
competition. There is slow growth of product and small industries have to leave the market
because here large investment is being done on advertisement for creating of brand name in the
market. Companies trying to maintain stability for that it will try to attract new customers that
will help in increasing sales.
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Declining:- This is the last stage where product is declining from the market and there are few
customers left others will disappear that will lead to decrease in prices and therefore sales will
ultimately decrease.
3. Applicability of PLC stage in the project
Introduction:- This is the first stage of product life cycle in which product is introduced in the
market for the first time. Consumers are not aware about the availability of product so heavy
expenses will be done on advertisement technique that will help in increasing sales and attracting
more customers towards project. By doing proper project planning the product of the company
will be introduced so that there may not any problem occurred in the future.
Growth:- This is the second stage in which product is trying to capture attention in the market
that will be helpful for the future course of action. In this stage consumer know about the product
and taken interest in purchasing of product in the company. This will help in growth of product
in the market. In this cost benefit analysis is being used for documentation in the project that will
be useful for getting more involved in the market share. In this project it will be applicable as
growth will be occurred in the company for future course of action.
Maturity:- At this stage prices are decreasing and consumers are not purchasing product from
the market. This ill lead to decline in the purchasing power (Sando and et. al., 2018). This is
applicable in the project as price of product is low and consumers purchasing power get reduced.
Declining:- This is the last stage in which product is gone out of the market as there is no
demand of it and prices also gone down and small firm have to breakdown its structure in the
project.
LO4
6. Effectiveness of PLC
Product life cycle plays an important part in the company for introducing new product in
the market. This will help in evaluating various aspect of the company is satisfying needs and
wants of consumer for the future. It is important to make different strategies that will be helpful
in containing different aspect of the project. This is also an important part that will be providing
many sections into the company for the future.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it can be said that Operation management plays an important role
in the company. Every company has its own operational activity that will be providing to its
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customers. There are many aspects that will be help in improving efficiency and productivity for
the future course. It is necessary to do continuous improvement in business that will help to bring
effectiveness in working operations. Continuous improvement plan will also help in
implementing different actions into the company for making its operation smooth and easy.
There are some principles that will help in improvement for performing continuous function.
Product life cycle will help in introducing new product in the market from future growth.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Anand, G. and Gray, J.V., 2017. Strategy and organization research in operations
management. Journal of Operations Management.53.pp.1-8.
Choi, S. and et. al., 2018. Dynamic capabilities of project-based organization in global
operations. Journal of Management in Engineering. 34(5). p.04018027.
Eyers, D. and Naim, M., 2019. Project Management for Effective Operations Management.
In Contemporary Operations and Logistics (pp. 11-27). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Hollenstein, L. and et. al., 2019. Unsupervised Learning and Simulation for Complexity
Management in Business Operations. In Applied Data Science(pp. 313-331). Springer,
Cham.
Maylor, H. and et. al., 2018. Old theories, new contexts: extending operations management
theories to projects. International Journal of Operations & Production
Management.38(6).pp.1274-1288.
Maylor, H. and Turner, N., 2017. Understand, reduce, respond: project complexity management
theory and practice. International Journal of Operations & Production
Management. 37(8). pp.1076-1093.
Maylor, H., Turner, N. and Murray-Webster, R., 2015. “It worked for manufacturing…!”:
Operations strategy in project-based operations. International Journal of Project
Management.33(1).pp.103-115.
Papachristos, G. and et. al., 2018. Towards the low carbon transition in the construction industry:
A multi-method framework of project management operations and total building
performance. System Dynamics Society.
Ravinder, H. and Kollikkathara, N., 2017. Project Management in Operations Management
Textbooks: Closing the Gap. Journal of the Academy of Business Education, 18.
Sando, T. and et. al., 2018. Evaluation of Project Processes in Relation to Transportation System
Management and Operations (TSM&O).
Schönsleben, P., 2018. Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management
within and across companies. CRC Press.
Sterman, J. and et. al., 2015. System dynamics perspectives and modeling opportunities for
research in operations management. Journal of Operations Management. 39.p.40.
Wilson, K.B., Bhakoo, V. and Samson, D., 2018. Crowdsourcing: A contemporary form of
project management with linkages to open innovation and novel operations. International
Journal of Operations & Production Management. 38(6).pp.1467-1494.
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