How coronavirus has affected on the Spanish society

This dissertation examines the impact of the coronavirus on the Spanish society, including its economic conditions, challenges faced by organizations, and influence on society. It explores the outbreak of the virus, its impact on the Spanish economy, and the challenges faced by organizations in managing their workforce. The study also discusses the influence of the virus on the Spanish society and the need for a vaccine to control the pandemic. The research aims to enhance understanding of the coronavirus and its effects on society.

Dissertation - How coronavirus
has affected on the Spanish
society

Table of Contents
TOPIC- How coronavirus has affected on the Spanish society.......................................................4
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Background of the research....................................................................................................4
Research Aim.........................................................................................................................5
Research Objectives...............................................................................................................5
Research Questions................................................................................................................5
Rationale of Research.............................................................................................................5
Problem Statement..................................................................................................................6
Significance of the study........................................................................................................6
Structure of the project...........................................................................................................6
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................8
Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus.............................................................................................8
Impact of Novel Coronavirus on Spanish economic conditions..........................................10
Challenges faced by Spanish organisations due to Novel Coronavirus in managing workforce
..............................................................................................................................................12
Influence of Novel Coronavirus on Spanish society............................................................14
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................16
Introduction..........................................................................................................................16
Research onion.....................................................................................................................16
Research philosophy.............................................................................................................16
Research approach................................................................................................................17
Research strategy..................................................................................................................17
Research design....................................................................................................................17
Data collection methods.......................................................................................................18
Data sampling.......................................................................................................................20
Research instrument.............................................................................................................20
Data analysis.........................................................................................................................20
Ethical consideration............................................................................................................21
DATA ANALYSIS........................................................................................................................22

Thematic analysis.................................................................................................................23
CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION...........................................................................................32
Conclusion............................................................................................................................32
Discussion.............................................................................................................................32
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................36

TOPIC- How coronavirus has affected on the Spanish society
INTRODUCTION
In medical science, the term “Coronavirus” is considered to be an acute infective
respiratory sickness (disease), which has affected the whole world due to newly discovered virus
named as SARS-CoV-2 or COVID 19. First human case that came in front reported in Wuhan
City, China, in the end of 2019. According to the study, it can be said that earliest known cases
linked with food market of the city named as Wuhan in China. It has been analysed initially most
of the Coronavirus patients were regular visitors of the market, employees working in market,
stall owners of the food market (Gupta, 2020). Including this, it can be said that outbreak started
from then only and on January 1st of 2020, the Food market was forced to be closed. On the other
hand, if it is talked about Spanish Society then spread of coronavirus has affected it in different
ways. Basically, the ignorance about the disease is having great impact on the country’s
economy and most of the activities. Many of the economists said that, Coronavirus raised much
more crucial concerns then for Spain then the financial crisis which took place in 2007.
Therefore, it can easily be said that continuous economic losses may be greater than those
already estimated, but the crisis has just started and there is no predictions can be done of the
time, that this disease will reach to an end because almost all the antibiotics which are utilised to
control Coronavirus are not showing positive results. The one and only solution to Pandemic
COVID-19 is to develop a vaccine, that will both boost the immune system and kill the virus.
Background of the research
Over the years, world is dealing with various deadly diseases like Ebola, Plague, and so
on but in the past there was no virus or bacteria has carried a huge impact on economic
conditions, society and other activities just like Novel Coronavirus did. Due to outbreak of
Coronavirus, basically international economy has started getting early effects like rise in
financial crisis due to order given by government of every single country (dealing with outbreak
of Corona Virus) to lock the market. The reason that came in front of lockdown was that, SARS-
CoV-2 is considered to be the disease which was continuously spreading in multiplications and
was contagious as well (Chakraborty and Maity, 2020). In present context, it can be said that
because of Pandemic COVID-19, Spain's economy got shrunk and it was record breaking with
the percentage of 5.2, in the first three months of 2020. Including this, if it is talked about its

impact on management of mostly all the organisations dealing within Spain then the decision
taken by Parliament of Spain has led them to give Work From Home to staff (whose work was
able to be performed from home), ask them to stay home without working and will be getting
paid as well and so on. This resulted into heavy losses and impacted negatively on financial
conditions of Spain.
Research Aim
The aim of this dissertation is “To analyse the impact of Novel Coronavirus on a society.
A case study on Spanish Society.”
Research Objectives
 To enhance the understanding regarding outbreak of Novel Coronavirus.
 To analyse the impact of Novel Coronavirus on Spanish economic conditions.
 To determine the challenges faced by Spanish organisations due to Novel Coronavirus in
managing workforce.
 To ascertain the influence of Novel Coronavirus on Spanish society.
Research Questions
 What do you understand by outbreak of Novel Coronavirus?
 What is the impact of Novel Coronavirus on Spanish economic conditions?
 What are the challenges faced by Spanish organisations due to Novel Coronavirus in
managing workforce?
 What is considered to be the influence of Novel Coronavirus on Spanish society?
Rationale of Research
The main reason behind conducting this investigation is to develop understanding on the
Coronavirus disease and its influence over the health as well as wealth of the people. The study
would also include information associated with the influence of the corona virus on the
businesses of Spanish. It has been determined that sudden entrance of COVID-19 has placed
major influence over the overall working practices across the world. Due to Covid - 19 many of
the businesses got affected a lot as they are not able to execute their business practices in the
normal routine life due to lock down in several areas which were initiated as the measure for
controlling corona virus and saving life of people (Sánchez-Álvarez and et. al., 2020). The study
would also display the main problems that have been faced by the businesses of Spanish for

maintaining their workforce at the time of Corona Virus. In addition to this, the respective study
would also contribute in acknowledging the overall impact of the Spanish society as lots of
people have lost their jobs due to COVID 19 which has not only affected their basic lifestyle but
at the same time it has made their life worst as they are having very limited number of options in
terms of finding out income sources with which their basic lifestyle can be managed in
appropriate manner.
Problem Statement
Corona virus has been acknowledged as one worst disease which has influenced basic
lifestyle of the people across the world. It has been analysed that this pandemic disease have
placed major effect on living life pattern of people in the society. With reference to the Spanish it
has been acknowledged that COVID 19 is such a disease that has affected their society in highly
negative manner (Kaba and Kitaw, 2020). This influence cannot be only seen in their normal
health condition but at the same time it is bringing negativity their routine life. In order to
develop understadning on the same especially emphaising on Spanish society so that
approproiate knowledge on the same can be developed efectively in the society.
Significance of the study
The core importance of this study is to find out major problems which is being faced by
Spanish people in their society due to Corona virus. Along with this, the study will also focus on
determining several ways through which this negative imapct can be tackled by the people so
that they can things could get managed effectively. Also, the study would be taken as the hope
for the people who are suffering a lot due to this (Rubio-San-Simon and et. al., 2020). Here, it
can be said that usage this study would also help them in managing their current situation and
improving their wealth so that their life can get sorted effectively with less number of issues.
Structure of the project
This section clearly depicts overall structure of the investigation that has been carried out by
investigator in order to conduct research in lucrative form. This investigation is mainly
consisting of the 5 main chapters which have been followed by the research for completing
investigation effectively (Valenzuela and et. al., 2020). It has been later seen that inclusion of
this section aware reader about the steps which have been followed by the investigator in an

effective manner. All five chapters of this investigation have been specified as below in detailed
manner.
Chapter 1: Introduction:- This is the first and foremost chapter of every investigation in
which researcher explains about the basic concept of research topic that is Coronavirus and its
influence over the Spanish society. In this chapter appropriate knowledge in given to the reader
about the research and core reason behind conducting this effectively (Rodríguez, 2020). The
main sub topics covered in this chapter are overview, background, research aim, objectives,
questions, rationale, problem statement and significance of the investigation.
Chapter 2: Literature review:- After completion of the introductory round, the second
chapter focuses on gathering information on the developed research questions in the first chapter
in order to find out detailed data from secondary sources. The main reason behind including
secondary sources is to include view point of different people on the same topic.
Chapter 3: Research Methodology:- This is the third chapter in every investigation which
includes several methods which would be considered by the researcher in order to complete the
research. In this chapter main focus is provided on the research onion which includes range of
methods in it. This method is mainly finalised by the investigator by simply analysing suitability
of the research with the research topic.
Chapter 4: Data Analysis:- In this, overall gathered information is represented by the
investigator in most simple and self understandable manner so that readers can easily understand
it effectively and determine the proposed outcome of the study in rightful manner. In the present
investigation, researcher would make use of thematic analysis in order to represent overall
findings of the study in most appropriate form (Pawłowski, 2020). Here, data analysis is mainly
done by using primary method of data analysis so that appropriate outcome of the same can be
attained effectively.
Chapter 5: Discussion and Conclusion:- This is the last chapter of every investigation
where researcher focuses on finding out desired information on the proposed research topic by
simply analysing overall research topic. Here, researcher focuses on representing the discussion
on the core research so that valid conclusion towards the same could be specified effectively
without any sort of interruption. This chapter mainly covers discussion and conclusion.

LITERATURE REVIEW
This is the second chapter of every investigation in which researcher gathers information
from range of secondary sources. The main reason behind involving secondary sources is to help
the researcher in making appropriate decision on the project topic as they are involving several
perceptions and viewpoint into it. This chapter is also supportive for the readers as they are able
to develop their own understanding regarding the topic in this section only. Also, by reviewing
all views it becomes easier for the same person or the reader to take decision associated with the
outcome of the core research problem. For conducting this investigation, the respective
researcher effectively makes use several secondary sources such as books, online articles,
journals, news papers and other published sources from where researcher can easily grab
maximum information on the same topic. While carrying out this section, the main focus of
investigator is on making use of several reliable sources so that what so ever information they are
including in their study are treated as they trust worthy. In order to carry out this section in more
appropriate manner, manner researcher has initially divided the main topic into few easier
section so that detailed on the same so that can identified the project in appropriate manner. All
of these sub topics are specified as below in detailed manner:
Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus
On the basis of views expressed by Dogra, A., Goyal, B., Sharma and A.M. (2020) In the
December month of 2019, an epidemic was observed within the territory of Wuhan, Hubei
province of China. After the outbreak of this virus within China and the travel of people within
and from China continuing as usual, the virus quickly got spread in other parts of the world. As a
result of the outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the number of deaths has been constantly
increasing with each passing day. However, with the rise in death toll over the course of time
after the spread of this virus across the globe, governments of all the countries took measures to
have a control over the consequences associated with its outbreak in the world. Thus, the
government of each and every country decided to call down a situation of lockdown, while
placing restrictions on travelling and many other things (Vives and et. al., 2020). As a result of
these measures, the scale of the outbreak could be controlled to some extent. The novel
coronavirus possesses a transmission rate of 3 to 4 individuals from a just infected individual. In
this relation, it has been identified in accordance with the reports that the fatality rate accounts to

almost 3%. Even when the rate seems quite low, the situation is alarming, if the population of the
location whereby the outbreak of coronavirus took place is taken into due account (Gupta and et.
al., 2020). The incubation period associated with the novel coronavirus is identified to be ranging
from 2 to 14 days. Taking into account the premise that is a novel virus, it can be said that some
properties of this virus are still not known. This is what restrains the development process of a
vaccine for this in upcoming course of time. As per the recent reports, over 15 million infected
persons have been confirmed across the globe in approximately 190 nations and other territories.
The government of every nation is constantly carrying out planning and consequently taking
measures with the help of which the outbreak of this virus can be controlled. For this purpose,
many nations have even developed some specific separated quarantined areas whereby the
infected persons are made to stay. This helps the government to make sure that the contact of
these people with other residents and the outside world is totally cut off (Dadlani, 2020). Further,
the principle of social distancing is being promoted which can enable the residents from staying
far from each other. This is done with the intent of reducing the number of infected persons as
social distancing does not people come into contact with each other.
Now, if a deeper insight is gained into the actual inference by coronavirus, it can be stated the
virus got its name on the basis of the Latin word named “Corona” which implies crown. The
name of the virus was made coronavirus as it has crown like spikes that are present upon its
surface when studied with the help of a microscope. These spikes possess certain genetic
material. The most early encounter of this virus with human beings took place in the middle of
1960s. This virus is usually acknowledged to be found within the animals such as camel, bat, cat,
and so on (Pambuccian, 2020). Via the animals, this virus can quickly get transmitted to the
human beings. It is determined as an RNA virus that has the capacity of affecting animals as well
as humans.
There are lesser to most probable consequences of coming into contact with the novel
coronavirus. Such consequences can be divided in to mainly 2 categorised named the most
common and the least common symptom. In accordance with a study carried out over some
patients, it was inferred that some of the most common symptoms for this virus consist of cough,
short breath, high fever and lastly, bilateral pneumonia (Navarro, 2020). On the contrary, the
lesser common symptoms are acknowledged to be headache, sore throat, severe pain in the chest,
rhinorrhea, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, and so on. It is well known that the novel coronavirus

has a substantial impact over the patients who have a history of being stricken by disease like
asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc.
Coronavirus is acknowledged to get transmitted via respiratory droplet, contact with any
of the infected persons, contact with any of the infected animals. Post leaving the body of an
infected person, it is known that the novel coronavirus can travel up to a distance of approx. 6
feet and thereby survive over the surface dependent upon the tolerance level. In contrast with
chickenpox and malaria, it is recognised that coronavirus can travel quite less. Presently, it is
assumed that an individual who has been newly infected can cause infection within 1-4 persons
that is quite higher than seasonal flu (Gupta, 2020). The crisis is exponentially growing in
accordance with the constant increase in number of infected persons across the globe. The death
toll across the globe is on a rise owing to which people have also become conscious and are now
showing their support towards the government by complying with the lockdown regulations.
Impact of Novel Coronavirus on Spanish economic conditions
According to viewpoint of Millet and et. al., (2020), it has been analysed that outbreak of
Novel coronavirus not only result in loss of millions of lives, but also result in great economic
loss. Providing work from home in possible conditions, giving out salaries to people over certain
period of lockdown when production or operations of companies are almost closed, supporting
public in meeting their domestic or basic needs etc. are some examples that shows requirement
of high funds and resources. In context with Spanish societies, it is considered as one of those
nations whose working population is highly depended on economic condition (Chakraborty and
Maity, 2020). This country is already struggling with high unemployment ratio and debt crisis,
therefore, it puts high pressure on its government decisions to overcome from issues of
coronavirus impact, bracing for the impact of the government's decision, in terms of impose ban
on work (Spain braces for impact of economic 'hibernation' to fight virus, 2020). Along with
this, as per Spanish bank, it has analysed that economic output of respective nation would be
dropped estimated by 4.0%. The coronavirus crisis highly affects all Spanish companies, where
ignorance about this virus is having great impact on its economy and most of economic
activities.
From perspective of Abodunrin, Oloye and Adesola, (2020), it has been analysed that
economic impact can be measured in terms of three main activities – shutdown of companies’

production that decreases GDP rate; disruption in market and supply chain activity; and financial
impact on market. Supply chain and market disruption. Many manufacturing firms of Spain rely
on imported intermediate inputs from developed countries like China and other nations that are
affected highly by this disease, for meeting its financial goals. But after restrictions of trade of
goods and services, production of Spanish companies is highly affected negatively. Therefore,
firms which rely mainly on intermediate goods from the affected regions, seem not to able to
easily switch the sourcing (Rodríguez-Rey, Garrido-Hernansaiz and Collado, 2020), . Along
with this, firms deal in small and medium-sized sector may have severe difficulty for getting
survival in business, due to market disruption. Businesses who are tied with travel and tourism
sectors are also facing issues after restrictions or fear among people for travelling, so such kind
of losses are likely not to be recoverable easily. Furthermore, temporary disruptions of
production might put stress upon some firms, especially those who are having inadequate
liquidity. In financial markets, exporters may or may not seem to be correctly anticipated about
firms that are in vulnerable situation. Consequence of this, rise risk in terms of undertaken
investment position by other global market players, which weakens the trust among companies
who are associated with same supply chain. A possible or likely low-probability event could be
considered as market disruption that significantly decline the production rate in equity markets as
well as corporate bond markets, just because of uncertainty arise due to pandemic.
According to perception of Lippi, Henry and Sanchis-Gomar, (2020), furthermore, it has
been estimated that economy of Spain like other affected nations will suffer a severe recession,
due to increase cases of coronavirus pandemic as well as associated confinement. Since, tourism
sector refers to a main key of its economy growth which especially grave concern in terms of a
major source of employment, therefore, certainty in this era to be increased in upcoming period
is almost negligible. This states that economy leads to shrink up to 10.0% in the current year i.e.
2020, which will be growing continuously in upcoming period.
The unemployment rate in 2019, has been decreased from 15.3% to near about 14.1%,
where IMF (International Monetary Funds) expects that this trend will be heavily affected in
upcoming period, due to negative economic impact of pandemic attack of Covid-19. In this
relation, the rate currently being estimated to be increased by 20.8% but with support of WHO
and Spanish Government, it might be decrease slightly to about 17.5% in 2021. Furthermore,
since another main issue facing by labour market of this nation is low level of active working

population as compared to potential ones due to fear of being infected, denotes that various
people have already been given up to do employment. Along with this, as per Spanish Statistical
Official report, this nation remains an area where strong inequalities have been seen, because
over 21.6% of total population are living within the poverty threshold. In addition to this, social
expenses in terms of public budget also seems to accounted roughly to near about 17% of total
GDP as compared with EU countries (Raj and Aithal, 2020),. So, all these factors also arise
issues for development of economy in desired manner. Therefore, it is essential for government
of this country to take immediate actions to overcome from all such issues, so that economic
situations can be improved.
https://www.nordeatrade.com/en/explore-new-market/spain/economical-context
Challenges faced by Spanish organisations due to Novel Coronavirus in managing workforce
From the viewpoint expressed by the author named as Sánchez-Álvarez and et. al., (2020), it
has been analysed there are lots of the Spanish organisation which are facing issues due to novel
Covid 19 while maintaining the working practices of their workforce within the entity which is
not at all affecting their working practices in any manner. Due to novel Covid 19 business
associations are not able to perform their organisational work in the same manner like they were
executing the same in the earlier time. Some of the main challenges that are being faced by
Spanish associations in managing workforce because of Covid 19 are financial risks, health risks,
lack of coordination during work from processes, operational activities related issues, technical
failures, non corporative behaviour from employees while work from home and many others.
The main among these challenges are specified as below in detailed manner:
Financial risks: This is the first and foremost issue which is mainly determined while
managing workforce in the mean time of Covid 19 in Spain. Here, it has been seen that due to
COVID 19, it became highly difficult for the businesses in Spain to handle all the business
activities and execute its associated correspondence work so that the common flow of the
working practices could get managed effectively (Kaba and Kitaw, 2020). It is also been seen
that the companies are also not able to maintain their revenues like earlier as work is not getting
accomplished on the timely manner due to limited facilities are being provided to the employees
in this novel Covid 19. This simply develops challenge associated with the finances within the
company. As a result, businesses are also not able to pay timely salaries to the employees.

Health risks: Even though many of the companies in Spain has provided work from home
facilities to the employees but at the same there are still some entities whose work cannot get
managed from home. This simply creates risk as well as challenges associated with the health of
the staff members who are regularly coming to the offices (Rubio-San-Simon and et. al., 2020).
It has been analysed that the challenge associated with the employees is convince employees to
follow all the guidelines mentioned by the governments as well as medical practitioners for the
people who are going outside their home and having interaction with others. This simply creates
the challenges associated with the health risk for the business entities within the company.
Lack of coordination during work from processes: Another challenge that is being faced
by the Spanish companies due to Covid 19 is that there is huge problem in terms of coordination
among the workforce as they are not able have appropriate interaction as per the expectation with
their colleagues and other respective persons (Pawłowski, 2020). This non appropriate
communication among them all simply creates major issue for company as lack of coordination
during work from home process directly delays the deadline of the work. Also it influences the
profitability of the same entity.
Technical failures: Due to Covid 19 most of the business processes are now performing
their work from the home of the employees only. Here, it has been analysed that today’s working
pattern includes huge technicality in the working practices. Also, most of the workforces are not
having knowledge to delay with the technical errors (Valenzuela and et. al., 2020). Thus, while
working from home, number of issues associated with the technical failures raises with the
passing time. This is so because; employees do not have options to deal with the technical errors
at home. This directly places major influence over the operational activities for the Spanish
companies.
Non corporative behaviour from employees while work from home: While executing
work from home, it is highly important for the employees to have huge level of patience and
capability of the having appropriate interaction with the associated people at every time so that
they does not faces any sort of error related to the work. It has been commonly observed that
when employees get option to work from home then they become quite careless and none
dedicated towards the work as well as colleagues (Rodríguez, 2020). Non corporative behaviour
directly becomes challenge for business entities as they are not able to tackle the workforce and

satisfy the needs and requirement of all employees which is untimately influencing their overall
organisational performance as well as it profitability in the coming future.
Influence of Novel Coronavirus on Spanish society
As per theoretical perspective of Layne and et. al., (2020), it has been analysed that poor
and decreasing financial condition of Spain arise fear of jobless situation for its societies, which
can be measured in terms of Direct impact on production. After shutdown of market and
implications made for companies to close workplace and people to stay at home over a certain
period, production highly affected in Spain like other countries (Why has Spain been hit so hard
by the coronavirus pandemic?, 2020). Even after great spread of virus, almost all organisations
face slow growth in the first half of 2020. This would directly impact on production of respective
nation, where to manage financial condition, many firms has fired its employees especially
whose working period is less than two years. So, it raises fear of jobless situation for Spanish
societies up to one million of people. This is mainly because near about 30 percent of entire
working population, have temporary hired on contract basis especially within tourism sector.
Moreover, as far as the betterment of the people in concern in Spain, public social gatherings
were cancelled students were requested to take online classes or they were sent home (Smith and
et. al., 2020). Along with this, businesses were also not doing so well which created a lot of
tension amongst people like who they will handle the situations. Rise of debt burden was
increasing and people were finding it difficult to pay off their instalments.
These are the physical illness people were facing in the society of Spain but the main
impact which this Novel Coronavirus was putting was the mental pressure. People lived in fear
of getting easy infected by the virus moreover, government of Spain declared guidelines
considering the health of old aged people and persons who are sick and whose body immune
system is not that strong as a normal person. Although, it is a great concern to think about the
pandemic and people who demises because of the serious illness but, to empower the global
economic crises once again and for providing the better facility it is important to think about the
ways or necessary outputs through which the situations can be handled properly and more
effective. As a result, this will provide them with an opportunity to fix all the damages happened
because of Covid-19. Therefore, the last few months has exceptionally become very tough for all
the person across the globe. Public awareness and providing appropriate information regarding
this disease became the prime concern.

Figure 1: Top 10 Countries affected due to Covid-19, 2020.
As per this figure, it has been analysed that Spain is on second position that severely
affected by spread of coronavirus. So, this would directly show how much its society faces
problems and challenges to overcome from respective situation. Government implications and
restrictions on travel and go outside arise issues for people to earn for their livelihood (Herreros,
Gella and de Asua, 2020). Along with this, people who are already suffered from chronic
diseases like respiratory problems, diabetes, heart issues etc., are on more risks for being affected
by novel coronavirus. Therefore, they require more protections from the same.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
Research methodology is considered one of the important section of a dissertation, which
lays down methods that are undertaken for carrying out investigation on a specified topic. It
includes a number of methods and techniques, with a systematic plan, through which a study can
be carried out by investigators, in order to derive desired outcomes of research (Tobías, 2020). In
context with current study, it is based upon one of the most concerning topic i.e. how spreading
of coronavirus or Covid-19 impact on society and financial condition of Spanish people. For this
purpose, research onion framework has been used for demonstrating the methods and
techniques, which are going to be used by the researchers for making report in comprehensive
manner. In this regard, all the fundamental and important concepts of research section, are being
discussed systematically in following way –
Research onion
This part can be referred as the most important framework, which is put to undertaken by
researchers, to analyse and distinguish which methods can be utilised for addressing research
objectives in more appropriate manner. It consists a various specific parts or layers, which
demonstrates how to conduct research by maintaining efficiency at each step. Therefore, taken
this framework in present study, steps taken to gather and analyse information regarding with
demolished materials and its usage in present work, following steps will be taken –
Research philosophy
This part of research can be referred in terms of belief, which can be put forth the way for
collecting relevant information, evaluating and interpreting with more accuracy, as well as
utilized the same with purpose to get valid outcomes for entire study. With this assistance, it has
been identified that choice of a particular research philosophy is mainly affected by practical
implications, where most important philosophical differences lie between studies includes focus
on facts or numerical figures and qualitative studies which include theoretical information
(Bradbury, Jones and Isham, 2020). From various types of philosophies like pragmatism,
positivism, realism and interpretivism, mainly positivism and interpretivism are chosen to
conduct quantitative and qualitative research analysis. Here, the former one is taken when natural
phenomenon is use for leveraging data collections, that helps in providing the logical reasoning

to address research objectives. On contrast another method i.e. interpretivism, it is chosen when
research is reliant on philosophies of respondents to collect data and interpret using qualitative
method. With respect to the present study as it is based on impact of coronavirus on Spanish
societies, interpretivism philosophy is taken into account, because it provides assistance in
consideration with human perceptions over chosen topic, with meaning research outcomes to
obtain valid conclusions.
Research approach
This section of a dissertation can be defined in terms of techniques, that are mainly utilised
for gathering information pertaining to chosen topic of study, in accordance with detailed
analysis to obtain result. In this relation, generally two types of approaches are used that are
deductive and inductive (Khrapov and Loginova, 2020). The former ones hereby, aims to test
already gathered information while, later ones on generation of new concept from past record
data. The current study is therefore, carried out by applying the inductive approach as it helps in
analysing quantitative information by aligning research outcomes aligned with framed questions.
Research strategy
Under this section of dissertation, a systematic plan is made in accordance with research
problem and way of analysing information through collection of relevant data from various
primary and secondary sources, so that desired result can be obtained (Driggin and et. al., 2020).
In context with present research, to analyse how providing work from home by organisations to
its people after outbreak of corona virus, impact on financial and societal condition of Spanish
societies, study has been conducted by collecting government report and fill of self-
questionnaire by respondents chosen from same population. This strategy helps in collecting
more specified data to analyse the problem statement.
Research design
It is one of the concerned part of a research that defines overall strategy for integration of
various components like approaches, philosophies and more, in a coherent way. To make sure
that mentioned research problem of current study is effectively addressed, among three main
research design i.e. explanatory, experimental and descriptive, one of them can be chosen, where
each one has specified way of carrying out report. In relation to present study, descriptive
research design is taken for appropriately applying define methodologies.

Data collection methods
Under this section of study, different ways to collect information and interpreted the same
from various types of sources are analysed, which are pertaining to specific topic. It gives
assistance in getting valid and feasible outcomes for proposed methodologies (Lombardi and et.
al., 2020). In this regard, primary and secondary sources are two main types of data collection
methods, that can be used addressing research problems in a comprehensive way, as defined
below –
Primary method – This method of research can be defined as a technique that can be
utilised for collecting information from primary sources, by implying approaches in proper
manner. One of the main benefit of utilising this method is getting original and reliable
information, because researchers themselves need to take interviews, questionnaire or group
discussion with chosen respondents. But time and ineffectiveness of cost required for collecting
primary information, is the main drawback of primary data collection method. Therefore,
considering its importance, it is essential for investigators to give proper time and collect
sufficient amount of funds, for carrying out primary research.
Secondary method – It is another main method which is deciphered as technique to
gather, summarise and interpret desired information by leveraging secondary sources of data
collection. It mainly relies on published or unpublished data, which is collected in part by other
researchers. Such type of data can be accessed from books, articles, journals, government census
report, website of companies and more (Gössling, Scott and Hall, 2020). This give benefits to get
accessibility of large information from which reliable data can be extracted. to meet research
objectives. But in terms of accuracy and reliability of information, this method fails to provide
the same. Therefore, to overcome from such kind of issues while gathering secondary
information, it is essential for researchers to concern on authenticity of sources.
In context with present research, both primary and secondary methods are utilised
where, primary data is conducted through self-questionnaire technique and secondary data one
via journals, scholarly articles and government websites.
Self-questionnaire
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about Novel Coronavirus?
a) Yes

b) No
Q2) In what manner Novel Coronavirus impact on Spanish economic condition?
a) Positive
b) Negative
Q3) According to you, have the production/turnover declined during the current situation
of Coronavirus?
a) Yes
b) No
Q4) Have you company faced any decline in the profit rates due to Coronavirus?
a) Yes
b) No
Q5) What are the challenges does face by the organisation in Spanish due to Novel
Coronavirus in managing the workforce?
a) Staff Shortage
b) Supply chain-management risks
c) Decreased profits
Q6) What kind of health measures your company is taking for conducting their business
activities in a smooth manner?
a) Establishing safety distance measures.
b) Cleaned workplace
c) Reducing the number of workforces according to the shifts.
d) Providing essential kits for protection of self.
Q7) According to you, does your company is monitoring the active cases of Novel
Coronavirus amongst the workforce?
a) Yes
b) No
Q8) Does decrease in the labour market has put an impact on the Spanish society?
a) Yes
b) No
Q9) What kind of impact Coronavirus has put on the labour market of Spain?
a) Most of them lost their jobs

b) Earning became negative
c) Gave rise to chaos
Q10) Any recommendation you want to give for improving the precautionary measures in
the Spanish society.
Data sampling
Sampling is also considered as one of the important part of a research when study is
conducted on a large population. It helps in stratifying large population into small strata so that
minimum respondents can be chosen for carrying out primary research (Solis and et. al., 2020).
Generally, it can be done in two ways, either as random or non-random sampling, where, as
comparison, equal and independent chance is given to people for being participated in research
in formal one. In this regard, as present research is going to conduct on determining the impact
of Novel Coronavirus on a society, 50 respondents are chosen from Spanish societies through
random sampling method, where prior information about purpose of conducting study is
provided for maintenance of ethics.
Research instrument
A research instrument in a study can be defined as specific tool utilised for collecting,
measuring and analysing information, in a unique manner for evaluating result more accurately.
With respect to present study based on impact of pandemic attack on Spanish Society,
questionnaire has been used as main research instrument to obtain favourable outcomes.
Data analysis
This part encompasses with techniques used for conducting in-depth analysis over a
specific subject matter. It includes qualitative and quantitative methods, where former one is
used when project makers deal with facts and numerical information, for which mathematical
and computable techniques are used to analyse the same. While second method i.e. qualitative
one, use ideologies and opinion of other researchers’ views by collecting information from
secondary information. In context with current study, both primary and secondary information
are gathered therefore, mixed methods are applied for analysing the same.

Ethical consideration
It is one of the most important part of research, that required to be undertaken by researchers
at each and every stage. It gives rise to maintain ethical consideration at certain level, which
helps to minimise occurrence of any kind of issues related to reliability and accuracy of
information, as well as way of conducting same (Fong and et. al., 2020). For this assistance, one
of the primary concern include maintaining privacy of respondents during collection of primary
information, by taking consent form from them and giving them assurance that any kind of
information related to their personal data will not be disclosed. Therefore, it has been taken into
account by present researchers also, by utilisation of information for research purpose only and
any third party keep stay outside for access of same data.

DATA ANALYSIS
Frequency data table
Q1) Are you aware about Novel Coronavirus? Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q2) In what manner Novel Coronavirus impact on Spanish
economic condition?
Frequency
a) Positive 5
b) Negative 45
Q3) According to you, have the production/turnover declined during
the current situation of Coronavirus?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
Q4) Have you company faced any decline in the profit rates due to
Coronavirus?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q5) What are the challenges does face by the organisation in
Spanish due to Novel Coronavirus in managing the workforce?
Frequency
a) Staff Shortage 30
b) Supply chain-management risks 10
c) Decreased profits 10
Q6) What kind of health measures your company is taking for
conducting their business activities in a smooth manner?
Frequency
a) Establishing safety distance measures. 20
b) Cleaned workplace 10
c) Reducing the number of workforces according to the shifts. 10
d) Providing essential kits for protection of self. 10
Q7) According to you, does your company is monitoring the active
cases of Novel Coronavirus amongst the workforce?
Frequency

a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Q8) Does decrease in the labour market has put an impact on the
Spanish society?
Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Q9) What kind of impact Coronavirus has put on the labour market
of Spain?
Frequency
a) Most of them lost their jobs 20
b) Earning became negative 20
c) Gave rise to chaos 10
Thematic analysis
Theme 1: Awareness about Novel Coronavirus.
Q1) Are you aware about Novel Coronavirus? Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10
Interpretation: As per preceding graphical representation it has been evaluated that Novel
coronavirus is one of the major viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to

severe diseased like severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and
many more. Mainly, it is a new strain that is not previously determined in human body and
health as well. It is newly discovered virus that directly affect the human body and also reduce
their immune system. In context of this, 40 out 50 people are aware about the COVID-19 as they
said that it hugely affects the entire world and rest of 10 participants are not much familiar with
this statement as they don’t have any idea about this virus.
Theme 2: Novel Coronavirus impact on Spanish economic condition.
Q2) In what manner Novel Coronavirus impact on Spanish
economic condition?
Frequency
a) Positive 5
b) Negative 45
Interpretation: Novel Coronavirus is a big issue or concern for entire economic because it
directly affects the economic condition in several ways and also impact over the human body as
well. As per preceding graphical representation it can be analysed that 5 people think that
COVID- 19 is put positive impact in introducing some innovative ways to operate the business
and also tries to make economic condition strong. Apart from this, 45 participants give their
views that Novel Coronavirus is major medica issue that put negative impact over the Spanish
economy as it also reduces the economic condition. By this entire population of Spain is also get
affected and suffer from unemployment and fear of heath also.

Theme 3: Have the production/turnover declined during the current situation of
Coronavirus.
Q3) According to you, have the production/turnover declined during
the current situation of Coronavirus?
Frequency
a) Yes 35
b) No 15
Interpretation: In organizational context, Novel Coronavirus is a biggest issue that reduce entire
business activities and also put negative impact. Due to this, number of people lose their
employment through which company can not be able to generate profitability level. As this type
of issue create issue among people because it spread after connecting with others. This is the
reason that public maintain distance from others as it also may cutdown the company
productivity in market place. In relation to this, 35 out of 50 respondents give their views that
COVID- 19 is also affect the business world as well by declining production activities of the
company because there is no body to interested to buy products and services from companies at
the time of current situation of Coronavirus. On the other side, rest of 15 participants said that
during condition of Coronavirus production and turnover of the company is not declined as
people are still buying necessary products to satisfy their needs and wants.
Theme 4: Company faced any decline in the profit rates due to Coronavirus.
Q4) Have you company faced any decline in the profit rates due to Frequency

Coronavirus?
a) Yes 30
b) No 20
Interpretation: From the preceding graphical representation it has been evaluated that company
face various issues due to coronavirus and at the same time also may reduce profitability level.
One of the main reasons behind this is that because of COVID-19 people get less payment and at
the same time also lose their employment. By this company may reduce their profitability level
and also increase its employee turnover as well. In relation to this, 30 people think that because
of coronavirus, company face reduction in sales and profitability also. Apart from this, remaining
20 are not familiar with this statement as sometime organization is also cut down their cost with
the aim of generating revenue from market.
Theme 5: Challenges does face by the organisation in Spanish due to Novel Coronavirus in
managing the workforce.
Q5) What are the challenges does face by the organisation in
Spanish due to Novel Coronavirus in managing the workforce?
Frequency
a) Staff Shortage 30
b) Supply chain-management risks 10
c) Decreased profits 10

Interpretation: Due to coronavirus, various challenges faced by company operate in Spanish as
it may reduce the overall profitability level. In this regard, 30 out of 50 people think that storage
of staff member is one of the major issues that faced by company due to COVID-19. It can be
reduced overall performance of the company at market place and at the same time also increase
its employee turnover as well. Along with this, 10 participants give their views that it also
increases the risk of supply chain management as company fail in serving quality products and
services. Furthermore, remaining 10 participants said that decreased profits is also a major
challenge that faced by company due to Novel coronavirus in managing their workforce. All
these are negatively affecting the entire activities of company and also reduce overall
performance level.
Theme 6: Health measures your company is taking for conducting their business activities in a
smooth manner.
Q6) What kind of health measures your company is taking for
conducting their business activities in a smooth manner?
Frequency
a) Establishing safety distance measures. 20
b) Cleaned workplace 10
c) Reducing the number of workforces according to the shifts. 10
d) Providing essential kits for protection of self. 10

Interpretation: It is important for company to take all the measures and precautions so that they
can easily run their business activities and at the same time also improve its positive
performance. By implementing all the measures firm can enhance their productivity level and
also reduce the possibilities of arising any kind of issues in operational activities as well. In
context to this, 20 people give their views that establishing safety distance measures is also an
effective way by which company may undertake their organizational activities in an effective
and smooth manner. In addition of this, 10 participants said that cleaned workplace as per
continuous basis is also a best measure that help in keeping workplace safe. Furthermore, 10
respondents think that by reducing the number of workforce accounting to the shifts is an
effective health measures that can be maintain entire activities more effective. Apart from this,
10 people said that providing essential kits for protection of self is help in keeping health
measures at working area. With the help of this, company can easily maintain healthy working
environment and provide safe environment to workforce. This will directly contribute in
establishing its competitive image at market place.
Theme 7: Company is monitoring the active cases of Novel Coronavirus amongst the workforce.
Q7) According to you, does your company is monitoring the active
cases of Novel Coronavirus amongst the workforce?
Frequency
a) Yes 30
b) No 20

Interpretation: As per preceding bar chart it has been analysed that it is also crucial for
company to effectively monitor all the active cases that detected. It is effective in evaluating the
actual cases of Novel Coronavirus among workers. It can be beneficial in eliminating the
possibilities of arising any kind of issues at working area, this will contribute in managing
healthy working environment wherein employees are effectively executing their operational
activities along with higher efficiency level. In this, 30 out of 50 people think that monitoring the
active cased of Novel Coronavirus amongst the workforce that support in improving the
possibilities of managing healthy working environment. On the other, remaining 20 participants
said that sometime company does not monitoring the active cased of Novel Coronavirus among
the workforce.
Theme 8: Decrease labour market has put an impact on the Spanish society.
Q8) Does decrease in the labour market has put an impact on the
Spanish society?
Frequency
a) Yes 40
b) No 10

Interpretation: As per preceding graphical representation it can be evaluated that labour market
is decreased due to coronavirus. As 40 out 50 has gone with the option with yes because the
believes that decreased in labour market has reduce the chances of revenue generation. As a
result, most of the personal as well as professional work has been put on standby. Whereas, on
the other hand 10 participants has chosen the option (B) i.e. “No” as they think that people have
investments for coping up this situation and there are many alternatives for the work in order to
do it properly.
Theme 9: Impact Coronavirus has put on the labour market of Spain.
Q9) What kind of impact Coronavirus has put on the labour market
of Spain?
Frequency
a) Most of them lost their jobs 20
b) Earning became negative 20
c) Gave rise to chaos 10

Interpretation: From the above-mentioned graphical representation it can be analysed that there
is various impact of Coronavirus that put over the labour market of Spain. In context to this, 20
out of 50 people give their views that most of people lost their jobs that directly impact on the
labour market of Spain and its economic condition. Along with this, 20 participants think that
earning become negative that also affect the economic condition of Spain as well. Apart from
this, remaining 10 respondents said that give rise to chaos among people in context of loosing
their job. Due to this, overall performance of the economic condition of the Spain is also get
affected and also put impact over the labour market as well.

CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION
Conclusion
From the above report, it has been analysed that, Covid-19, has put a large impact in the
economies of many countries including Spain as well. This sudden pandemic has created a lot of
chaos and fear for life amongst the people. Social distancing has become one of the prime
activities to stay safe from Novel Coronavirus. In terms of companies, the management has
become disoriented because companies had to remove some of the employees in order to manage
their financial conditions. However, most of the people had to go through mental illness like
anxiety, depression etc., because of no financial support. However, managing supply-chain
became the prominent issue for companies as people were really scared about the spreading of
Novel Coronavirus. In terms of Spanish’s economic condition, it drastically started getting
decreased because of lockdown and issues related to Coronavirus.
Moreover, on the basis of the questionnaire, it has been concluded that, because this
pandemic is all over the world so everybody knows about this and the consequences which
people can face if they don’t take the precautions. Meanwhile, it put a negative impact on the
economies of Spain and the reason is because of the decreased production turnover and the
profits, as most of the people i.e. the respondents. Moreover, decreased in staff members for
whatever reason whether they have been fired from the job or quit the job, consequences have
been faced by the company. However, with the limited number of staff members they are trying
to cope with the financial crises. Along this side, in order to have no more infection from the
diseases companies are taking good care of their staff members and following all the
precautionary measures such as maintaining social distancing, monitoring the temperature of
employees on a regular basis so as to identify whether they are having any symptoms of
Coronavirus or not. Even more, companies are shuffling the employee’s shift so that they can be
least contacted with the other persons or the affected ones.
Discussion
On the basis of the literature review presented above in accordance with the point of view
of different authors, it can be stated that novel coronavirus is a pandemic situation that first
happened within the Wuhan area of China. From there, the outbreak of the virus took place
across the globe because of people travelling from and within China on a constant basis. Looking

upon the constant increase in number of infected persons, the government across the globe
started taking initiatives like announcing lockdown, restricting travel until and unless necessary,
and many others. Also, the principle of social distancing is being focussed upon by the
governmental authority so that the residents can be saved from getting infected by coming into
contact with the already infected persons. This demonstrates the impact that the outbreak of
novel coronavirus has had upon the lives of persons and businesses. Many businesses have been
completely shut down. The economy of the countries across the globe witnessed a standstill.
Many of these nations even witnessed the lowest mark in last many decades or years. The scale
of impact that this virus has had upon the global economy has been terrific. The manufacturing
sector has been highly affected by the coronavirus outbreak, especially after the lockdown
situation being announced by the governments in every country. The travel sector has also been
hit the most as travel restrictions have dampened the revenues for the industry. The number of
trips being made has been negligible in comparison to the normal rate. All of this shows the
extensive scope that the novel coronavirus has in terms of affecting the global economy.
As per views of Fong and et. al. (2020), it has been analysed that COVID-19 which refers to
a disease spread due to specific virus named by SARS-CoV-2, is labelled as “coronavirus” or
“novel virus.” The way through which leaders of European countries have faced the pandemic
impact of COVID-19 has determined its consequences in terms of increasing mortality rate i.e.
loss of thousands of lives and increasing population of infected people. The common perception
of people in this regard, is built around biochemical feature of this virus category that it highly
affects due to come in contact with infected ones. Therefore, social distancing refers to be best
way for keeping themselves safe from this pandemic attack. Through primary survey, it has been
evaluated that the most occurred problem that Spanish society current face due to downturn of
economy, is loss of jobs or fear of getting jobless in upcoming period, because many companies
are facing issues in running business effectively. However, government give support to firms in
managing the smooth business by providing sufficient amount of funds to them, so that risk for
increasing unemployment rate can be minimised.
It’s continuous outbreak highly impact on entire economy and population at global level,
into three main ways. It includes company’s production; disruption in supply chain in terms of
demand and market supply; financially impact on firms and societies. However, greatest effect of
this pandemic disease can be measured in terms of public’s reaction, where to prevent working

population, government of affected nations has provided work from home to them over a certain
period, isolation to infected persons, home quarantine to exposed household people, social
distancing and more. In context with Spain, it is considered as one of the hardest-hit nations in
this pandemic attack of virus, where coronavirus has spread quickly and more widely among
population especially among older-aged people without being detected any symptoms. Before
government stressed on it was too late to get control the whole situation due to highly spread of
disease. It has been analysed from all various secondary sources that after Belgium, Spain is
highest coronavirus death of world, where toll per capita its mortality rate stands at 10.4% near
about. Therefore, measuring the economic impact and challenges arise for this nation includes
problem related to size of epidemic, increasing quantity of infections among healthy population,
fear in population to get infected and more.
Moreover, the records of the check-ups are being monitored because companies don’t want
to take any risks for themselves and the other who are working within the organisation. Besides
the, the economic cut down has put a major impact on the labour market because most of the
people has lost their jobs and they doesn’t have any options other than staying at home. They
have been run out of money which created a lot of chaos in their mental health and leads to
anxiety and depression. Therefore, Covid-19 i.e. Novel Coronavirus, has put a huge impact on
people personally, professionally and economically. Things will not be usual as it used to be post
Covid-19, there will be some kind of changes in the behaviour and in the working of people
within an organisation. Nations across the world should be ready for this kind of sudden
pandemic in near future so that huge losses can be controlled in time. Meanwhile, during the
period of pandemic company should focus on regaining its workforce by providing them with
safety measures and compensation so that workers and other staff members can manage their
work other than the professional life.
It must be said after conducting entire study on Spain that its government honestly take
interventions for keeping people safe from spreading impact of Coronavirus. But still Spanish
societies face issues regarding with severity of jobless conditions, not getting effective support to
earn for livelihood and more, therefore, more interventions are needed to be taken by its
politicians to help them and enhance their standard of living condition.
From the overall description determined in the literature section, it has been
acknowledged that there are range of issues as well as challenges which are being faced by the

businesses which are operating their business in Spain. The main issues which are being faced by
these employees are financial risks, health risks, lack of coordination during work from
processes, operational activities related issues, technical failures, non corporative behaviour from
employees while work from home and many others. In order to tackle the same in lucrative form
business managers or head of the departments are required to analyse the core challenge which is
being faced by them within the entity while managing workforce and then take initiatives to
handle all these by taking rightful measures.

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APPENDIX
Self-questionnaire
Questionnaire
Q1) Are you aware about Novel Coronavirus?
c) Yes
d) No
Q2) In what manner Novel Coronavirus impact on Spanish economic condition?
c) Positive
d) Negative
Q3) According to you, have the production/turnover declined during the current situation
of Coronavirus?
c) Yes
d) No
Q4) Have you company faced any decline in the profit rates due to Coronavirus?
c) Yes
d) No
Q5) What are the challenges does face by the organisation in Spanish due to Novel
Coronavirus in managing the workforce?
d) Staff Shortage
e) Supply chain-management risks
f) Decreased profits
Q6) What kind of health measures your company is taking for conducting their business
activities in a smooth manner?
e) Establishing safety distance measures.
f) Cleaned workplace
g) Reducing the number of workforces according to the shifts.
h) Providing essential kits for protection of self.
Q7) According to you, does your company is monitoring the active cases of Novel
Coronavirus amongst the workforce?
c) Yes
d) No

Q8) Does decrease in the labour market has put an impact on the Spanish society?
c) Yes
d) No
Q9) What kind of impact Coronavirus has put on the labour market of Spain?
d) Most of them lost their jobs
e) Earning became negative
f) Gave rise to chaos
Q10) Any recommendation you want to give for improving the precautionary measures in
the Spanish society.