Influence of Exercise on Ageing Process

This document discusses the impact of exercise on the ageing process, focusing on a case study of a 91-year-old woman. It explores the physiological, structural, cognitive, and social aspects of ageing and how exercise can improve quality of life. It also discusses the appropriate exercise program for older adults and provides recommendations for a client with osteoporosis.

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
Personal information
Student Name: Rajit Duggal
Student Number: 217441044
Seminar group (day/time/tutor name): Monday/2pm/luana
Campus: Burwood
Date of completion: 19/05/2019
Word Count: 1500
List the case notes identified in seminar 8
Physical Characteristics Baseline Information After Exercise 8 months
poor eyesight she could not see clearly The sight stabilized
walk in rumbles She could use a support
walker while walking
She could walk alone
effectively
General weakness Weak hand muscles She got more stronger
Falling when walking She could fall often due to
weakness of her bones.
She walked comfortably
with no falls
Hearing difficulties She needs to be repeated
often for her too hear
She feels much better
She was feeling old She could not do anything at
the gym
She can do bench press
barbell pieces of training,
used lever puller, squat
exercises at the level of a
bench
Lack of balance Used a walker for support She is steady
Responses to the questions AT2
Question 1: Discuss the client’s stage of ageing and how prior to beginning the exercise program the
physiological, structural and cognitive aspect of ageing were effecting her quality of life?
Age is not just a natural limit of the number of years one has lived, or number of the
physiological changes the body encounters. It is similarly a consequence of the social
benchmarks and it apply to each period of life. Age addresses the bounty of life experiences
that shape whom we become and with physical exercises, there is dragging in aging and it has

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
taken on another importance in social orders with the way it offers great experience (Hamer,
2014, p.239).
Critical medical advantages that are found in the older individuals after they reach 65
years and above who take part in customary physical action. There are physical, mental,
enthusiastic and other impacts to aging. While the body is unavoidably breaking down with
time, there are approaches to keep the mind alert and slow the mental growth process
(Fredriksen-Goldsen, 2014, p.154). The other effects of growing old is Memory loss .Our
case study focuses on a woman by the name Gus who is 91 years old and has been a member
of the gym for the last 8 months.
It is not possible to avoid aging thus it is inevitable in real life. It stars with Piling on
the fat leading to loss of some muscle mass which leads to development of weaker joints and
bones in human beings. As the video starts, it can be noted that the gym trainer asks her if she
is ready for another session but she does not hear until the trainer is forced to ask again a
clear indication that she is having hearing problems. There is also changes in her vision as
she says the trainer has to skip some training sessions since she does not have good eyesight
(Erickson, 2014, p.20).
Psychological changes allude to higher mind capacities such as memory and
reasoning. Cognitive limits, for instance, vocabulary, are hearty to cerebrum getting old and
may even improve with age. Different limits, for instance, hypothetical reasoning, memory,
and getting fast speed, decrease steadily after some time (Erickson, 2014, p.22).
Question 2: Discuss how the exercise program over the 8 months has influenced the ageing process
(incorporate aspects of physiological, structural, cognitive and social) and her quality of life?

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
Exercise is significant in growing old as it can turn around a considerable lot of the
progressions of aging through improving muscle power, perseverance, and response time. It
can expand the bone thickness and improves on aging. Exercise is a characteristic upper and
inclination lift and therefore to be persuasive, practice must expand the pulse to about half
better than average. Vigorous exercise extends the pulse up to 85% over ordinary levels. It
would be best if you practice something for at least twenty minutes and if possible three times
a week. To animate development of muscles, the activity must tire the muscle (Erickson,
2014, p.20). With exercise one can live well, diminish joint torment, keep up your versatility,
help forestall dementia and Alzheimer's, and limit the constraints of growing old.
Regular physical activity improves physical and mental capacities just as a turnaround
with specific impacts of unending illness. It enables us to be more established, portable and
autonomous. They lead to lower rates of mortality of all causes, coronary disease, stroke,
hypertension, type 2 diabetes, malignant colon growth, and bosom cancerous growth. They
can have a more elevated amount of cardiorespiratory and robust wellness, as well as more
beneficial weight and piece (Erickson, 2014, p.25). They have a biomarker profile that is
increasing positively for the anticipation of cardiovascular malady, type 2 diabetes and the
upgrade the wellbeing of bones. They also display more elevated amounts of practical
wellbeing lowering the danger of falling and improve intellectual capacity. These has reduced
the threat of moderate and extreme useful impediments and job confinements (Fredriksen-
Goldsen, 2014, p.156). Standard exercise diminishes the probability of creating joint pain
related to inabilities. For those with joint inflammation, not practicing can make results of the
ailment worse. Men and ladies - matured 65 years and more seasoned - who practice have a
lower danger of losing versatility. Mind work improved for more experienced ladies who
strolled just 1/2 hours out of every week. The fitter you are, the lower the danger of mind
work decrease. Dynamic ladies matured 54 to 79 years have a 30% less shot of experiencing

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
incontinence than less vigorous ladies. Exercise can altogether diminish joint inflammation
torment in more seasoned ladies. Working out for as meager as 15 minutes three days seven
days decreases the danger of dementia and Alzheimer's by 40% (Huang, 2014, p.1).
Question 3: Discuss the type of exercise that has been selected for the client for the past 8 months, is
it appropriate for her age and why? Think about the exercise recommendations for older adults and
incorporate these within your response? Should all adults be treated the same?
The client is 91 years old. At the beginning she could not do, and with the training,
she has come along well. The fact that she cannot see well the trainer has to let her down on
some things. She rumbled when she walked, and she fell quickly. The exercises help her walk
better, and she is stronger. Her balance has stabilized. For the eight months, she has been
using Basic Barbell Training. Barbell training has several ways it gets done (Erickson, 2014,
p.22). For the eight months, the client shifted between doing bench press barbell pieces of
training. She is also using a lever puller. She is doing the squatting exercise by just going to
the level of a bench (Fredriksen-Goldsen, 2014, p.157). The barbell is appropriate for her age
as it is not strenuous and it does not need the use of lots of energy which she does not have
due to age. Stronger than when I started, and you can see muscles in my arms where there
were never any before, so that's pretty sweet. There is the develop bones that are solid which
is made possible by giving focus on the individual Boones. Quality preparing can build bone
thickness and decrease the danger of osteoporosis. It additionally enhances personal
satisfaction by improving one's capacity to do regular exercise. Building muscle likewise can
add to all the more likely equalization and may lessen your danger of falls. It can help look
after autonomy despite the age. It also assists in the management of chronic conditions like
back pain, arthritis, diabetes, and heart diseases (Hamer, 2014, p.240).

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
Some exercises are recommended for older adults. They could take part in Walking.
Walking is the best aerobic that enables maintenance of the bones. Regular exercise is related
to a diminished shot of death inability from pathologies, for example, cardiovascular illness,
diabetes, joint pain, malignancy, and aspiratory malady. It is additionally gets connected with
definite mental advantages, for example, diminished sorrow and improved personal
satisfaction. The old generation should have extending practices on Stretching practices to
improve adaptability; however, don't improve perseverance or quality. Regardless of this, it
gets proposed that more established grown-ups perform extending practices after they have
finished continuance and quality activities. If they do extend the adaptability works out, they
should heat up first with delicate developments or moderate strolling (Hamer, 2014, p.241).
Stretching exercises can get performed day by day. They get to do the short squats that the
client is taking part in. Strength training is also essential where the seniors get to use lifts to
strengthen their muscles and bones. The strength exercises can be achieved through lifting
and pushing of free weights and getting to pull resistance bands (Erickson, 2014, p.21).
Question 4: The person within this video may be an extreme case. What would you recommend to this
client if she had previously fallen and had also been diagnosed with osteoporosis? Provide a detailed
explanation of Osteoporosis and how this condition may influence the ageing process (think about the
key physiological, structural, cognitive and or social aspects), the exercise guidelines for a client with
this condition, and the recommended and contraindicated exercise for a client diagnosed with
Osteoporosis and why?
Osteoporosis is the extraordinary loss of bone thickness. From when an individual hits
the age of 30 years, the capacity of how thick the bones are start to reduce in people. The loss
of bone thickness quickens in ladies after menopause. Therefore, bones become increasingly
delicate and are bound to break, particularly in seniority. During the progress of age, the

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
joints of the individual go through some changes on the connectivity and the ligaments. The
ligaments become slimmer which leads to the adjustment of the segments of the ligament.
This adjustment occurring leads to the joint becoming less flexible and more vulnerable to
getting injured (Hamer, 2014, p.245). The joints become stiffer due to the fragile and
inflexible ligaments which may lead to osteoarthritis.
At around the age of thirty years, the individuals are prone to loss of muscles. It is
called sarcopenia. With sarcopenia, the muscle tissues and strands get to decline as one's age
continues to progress. As sarcopenia progresses, the individual gets to lose the quality of the
muscles and also the quantity of it reduces. It is the disconnection that mostly affects the
joints which may also cause inflammation of the joints. This condition can be managed using
exercises taken in a gym. There is two types of osteoporosis activities that are significant for
structure and keeping up bone thickness: weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises
(Huang, 2014, p.1). There are exercise that bear with the weight which get used to with other
activities that incorporate exercises that make one to make the exercise possible through
moving against the gravity as the individual remains upstanding. Weight-bearing activities
can be high-effect or low-sway (Erickson, 2014, p.24).
High-sway activities that bear with the weight assist in the fabrication of the bones
and to ensure they are reliable. On the off chance that an individual has some bones breaking
because of osteoporosis or be in danger of breaking a bone, there is need for one to be able to
maintain a strategic distance from high-sway works out. In case you don't know, one should
get to check with their therapeutic services provider on the examples of activities for high-
sway one should take part in for example, dancing. Low-sway weights bear activities can
likewise help keep bones stable and are a protected option on the off chance that you can't do
high-affect works out instances of low-sway weight-bearing activities like using circular
preparing machines (Bamidis, 2014, p.210).

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
Muscle-Strengthening Exercises are the activities that incorporate the exercises where
one needs to move their body or weight against the force of gravity. They are also called
opposition practices like Lifting loads. Yoga and Pilates can likewise improve quality,
equalization, and adaptability. Be that as it may, with osteoporosis not all positions get
recommended as they could easily break their bones. Having a physical advisor ought to have
the capacity to assist one with learning which practices are protected and fitting (Bauman,
2016, p.268).

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
Reference list
Bauman, A., Merom, D., Bull, F.C., Buchner, D.M. and Fiatarone Singh, M.A., 2016.
Updating the evidence for physical activity: summative reviews of the epidemiological
evidence, prevalence, and interventions to promote “active aging”. The
gerontologist, 56(Suppl_2), pp.S268-S280.
Bamidis, P.D., Vivas, A.B., Styliadis, C., Frantzidis, C., Klados, M., Schlee, W., Siountas, A.
and Papageorgiou, S.G., 2014. A review of physical and cognitive interventions in
aging. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 44, pp.206-220.
Hamer, M., Lavoie, K.L. and Bacon, S.L., 2014. Taking up physical activity in later life and
healthy ageing: the English longitudinal study of ageing. Br J Sports Med, 48(3), pp.239-243.
Fredriksen-Goldsen, K.I., Kim, H.J., Shiu, C., Goldsen, J. and Emlet, C.A., 2014. Successful
aging among LGBT older adults: Physical and mental health-related quality of life by age
group. The Gerontologist, 55(1), pp.154-168.
Erickson, K.I., Leckie, R.L. and Weinstein, A.M., 2014. Physical activity, fitness, and gray
matter volume. Neurobiology of aging, 35, pp.S20-S28.
Huang, T., Larsen, K.T., Ried‐Larsen, M., Møller, N.C. and Andersen, L.B., 2014. The
effects of physical activity and exercise on brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in healthy
humans: A review. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 24(1), pp.1-10.

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
Student reflective evaluation sheet for Assessment Task 2
Student Name: Rajit Duggal Campus: Burwood
Student ID: 217441044 Seminar Tutor and Time: Luana and 2pm
Grade Explanation (in accordance with the Rubric how have you met this grade)
Question 1: Describe the
clients stage of ageing prior
to exercise
(15 marks)
HD
Accurately and comprehensively describes the impact of ageing on key physiological, structural,social and cognitive changes
and quality of life.
Response accounts for key key information in the video and case notes and strongly supported with a range of relevant, peer
reviewed literature.
Question 2: Discuss how the
exercise program has
influenced the ageing
process and the person’s
quality of life.
(15 marks)
HD
Accurately and comprehensively describes the impact of exercise on all aspects of the ageing process and quality of life
Description thoroughly and accurately accounts for key information in the video and case notes and is strongly supported
with a range of relevant, peer reviewed literature.
Question 3: Discuss the
type of exercise selection
and if it is appropriate for
the client
(15 marks)
HD
Critically evaluates the exercise prescribed for the client, with reference to the recommended and contraindicated exercises
during this ageing period.
The evaluation of the exercise program is comprehensively supported with information from the video, and is strongly
supported with a range of relevant peer reviewed literature.
Question 4: Provide a
detailed explanation of
Osteoporosis, exercise and
older adults
(35 marks)
HD
Accurately and comprehensively describes osteoporosis and logically explains how it may impact the ageing process.
Provides accurate synthesis of the recommended and contradicated exercise for a client with osteoporosis.
Work is supported with a synthesis of the evidence from a range of relevant, peer reviewed literature.
Citations & referencing:
Adherence to Deakin
Harvard format referencing
style for all in-text citations
and list of references
HD
Deakin Harvard referencing format used, with no or very minor errors in the in-text citation and reference list
Questions are supported with a range of relevant independently sourced peer reviewed literature.

HSE113 - AT2 Student Number: 217441044
Presentation &
communication:
Adherence to report
requirements;
writing/expression/
spelling/grammar (Aligns to
HD
A very clear,logical and concise structure and fluent written expression that enhances comprehension.
Adheres to all style requirements (ie. Including all questions/headings/line/spacing/word count/evaluation etc).
Free of spelling and grammatical errors.
OverallGrade HD Excellent work.