The Challenges in Improving Hybrid Cars

This report discusses the challenges faced by engineers in improving hybrid cars, including their reliability compared to conventional cars, their impact on the environment in the next 10 years, and their limitations in the near future. The report also highlights the benefits of hybrid cars, such as their cost efficiency and environmental friendliness, and the potential drawbacks, such as high maintenance costs and limited battery range.

THE CHALLENGES IN
IMPROVING HYBRID
CARS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
How reliable hybrid car in compare to conventional cars............................................................3
How will hybrid car affect environment in next 10 years............................................................5
The limitations of hybrid cars in the near future..........................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Hybrid car utilizes more than one means of energy, combining petrol or diesel engine
with the use of an electric motor. This entire system contain two systems two work together to
move the whole vehicle. This project will discuss all the challenges that engineers face in
improving the hybrid cars. Henceforth, report will emphasis on how reliable the hybrid cars are
in compare to other conventional cars. How the hybrid car will create an impact over
environment in next 10 years. Furthermore, limitations related to hybrid car will also discuss in
the project. This entire topic is worth investigation (Antipenko, Antipenko and Lebedev, 2021).
The modern era contain the requirements and needs relating to the hybrid car as they are more
environment friendly by nature. Further the increasing demand of this vehicle motivated to do a
study over the given topic. Society is moving very fast towards the use of hybrid car in
compression to the conventional car in market. The rapid demand require more awareness over
the topic which could motivate to do a study over the given topic. The thesis statement is about
the challenges associated with making development and improvement in the hybrid car. Thee
cars are containing a huge demand but still there are plenty of challenges which needed to
address that will bring positive change in the environment. The three research questions will be
how reliable the hybrid cars in comparison to the conventional cars. How hybrid car affect the
environment in the next 10 years. What are the limitations of hybrid cars in the near future will
be the last question to address over the project. The focus of the study is to disclose all relevant
fact in respect to the hybrid car and its associated challenges.
MAIN BODY
How reliable hybrid car in compare to conventional cars
Hybrid car utilizes multiple channels and medium of energy transformation to drive the
engine. Conventional car only focus on using one single method to drive the whole vehicle
whereas, hybrid car are more like utilize more than one method or technique to move the whole

vehicle. These cars are more advanced in comparison to the conventional cars (Asus and et.al.,
2020). Both engine and electric motors generate energy in the car and rive the whole car at a
better speed. Hybrid car do not require to plug the battery to charge it. Instead, the battery of the
car charge through regenerative braking and by the internal combustion engine. This car utilizes
the petrol engine to move the whole machine. In order to charge and maintain the whole battery
hybrid car utilize gas engine to charge the entire machine and further to maintain the whole
battery.
According to the views presented by the Karim and Shahid (2018), hybrid car are better
and far more professional in comparison to the conventional cars. They are more like
environment friendly by nature which make these cars more fascinating in comparison to the
conventional cars. The focus of these cars is to protect the nature along with meeting the
requirements of society in term of super cars who can overcome to the travel requirements of
people along with environment friendly perspective as well. Due to the environment friendly
feature of these cars users and consumers prioritize these cars over other. Financial benefits are
also associated with these cars. As they are more cost friendly and economical in comparison to
other conventional cars. Cost benefits as they contain low maintenance cost and such advantages
which make these cars more customer oriented. IN compare to conventional car these cars
contain less dependency upon the fossil fuels. Conventional cars carry the complete dependency
upon the fossil fuel which is overcome in case of hybrid cars. The lesser dependency upon fossil
fuel make these cars better and more preferable for the customers in compare to other
conventional cars.
Hybrid car hold the regenerative breaking system which make these cars more unique and
better in comparison to other conventional cars. Regenerative braking make this car smarter in
compare to the other conventional cars. This system take the waste energy from the process of
slowing down a car and further to use it to recharge the whole car batteries. These cars are
smarter in respect to other conventional car system which make them far more preferable and
better for its users. Regenerative braking system these cars more intelligent which will favour the
need and requirements of its customers. Khatagov, Adzhimanbetov and Khatagov (2021), stated
that hybrid cars are built out of lightweight material and equipments. The construction and
development of these cars are made out of a very lightweight material and equipment which
make these cars more favourable for its customers and users. This is essential that the user of the

car get to experience better car experience which allow thee cars to improve the level of customer
satisfaction in comparison to other conventional cars available in market. Lightweight make car
lighter that directly create an impact over speed of the car. The feature of this care where they are
built of a lightweight material make these cars more economical and efficient. Scientific fact
state that it require more energy to drive a more heavyweight vehicle than it comparison to the
light weigh vehicle. The lightweight feature of these cars make them more economical and
efficient for its customers. The use of lightweight material make cars more economical and
convenient in comparison to the other conventional cars in market.
Costing become a huge factor every time customer choose a particular car. The price of
the car and the maintenance associated with the car put a massive impact over the decision-
making of customers to select a particular car. Costing at the time of purchasing a particular car
along with maintaining it becomes a significant factor or element influence to the buying
decision of its customers. Mattarelli and et.al. (2019.), has stated the fact that the hybrid car
associated with assistance with the electric motor in the car. This is another significant factor or
element that make these cars more customer oriented in compare to the conventional; cars in the
market. Smaller engine further create a space in the car. Smaller engine create a costing
difference along with it further improve the overall space available in the car. These car hold one
of the smartest feature which is automatic start and automatic stop of the car. This is very
effective feature associated with the hybrid car which involve automatic start and stop of the car.
Driver do not require to initiate an action of starting a car and stop the car. This feature makes
this care more effective for its customer in comparison to other conventional car available in the
market.
How will hybrid car affect environment in next 10 years
Hybrid cars influence the society with several advantages and benefits. A hybrid car with
large, powerful and electric motor will be very ambitious to drive. The biggest impact hybrid car
will create in comparison to other conventional car is in the form of controlling pollution in the
society. Conventional car releases carbon die oxide which further contribute in the pollution. The
role of hybrid car is to control the scale of carbon emission in the society. In the next 10 years it
has been anticipated that total number of users of hybrid cars in the next 10 financial years will
increase to 90% in comparison to only 20% in today's numbers (Rakov and et.al., 2019). BY the
end of 2030 52% of the sales of all vehicle will be only electric. The rising awareness in the

people towards protecting environment and also in respect to the hybrid car make it more popular
in comparison to the conventional cars market. IN the next 10 years the faith of the people and
interest of the people toward the hybrid car will be more. The rising faith will automatically bring
interest of the people in purchasing the hybrid cars. In the next 10 years due to the increased
number of hybrid car users the pollution will be well controlled. Rising pollution is among the
major challenge or issue society is facing (Tiano and et.al., 2018). Due to the fact that hybrid car
will be capable to control the pollution there are other impacts will be seen like reduced global
warming. Pollution is one of the major source of global arming and due to the fact that hybrid car
are well capable to control the pollution hence it will favour the society to face the lower rate or
scale of pollution (Roy, Mohanty and Mohanty, 2018). In the next 10 years fuel consumption
will be less than 50% in comparison to the current situation. Already majority of the people are
switching toward other types of cars which include hybrid cars that will create a difference in the
society in respect to total petrol or fuel consumption in the society. The reduced consumption of
fuel will certainly reduce the prices of petrol or diesel. L;ow demand will certainly reduce the
prices.
The cost related impact can also be seen in market in the next 10 years. More cost
efficiency will be seen in the next 10 years that will favour and support to the people. This has
assumed and experienced that hybrid cars are easy to maintain and handle in comparison to the
fuel based cars. Maintenance will be low that will certainly create a financial impact over the
society in the next 10 years. Today as the fuel cars take more maintenance and care which will be
changed in the next 10 years as majority of cars in market will be hybrid that will reduce the
maintained related need and requirements of customers.
In the next 10 financial years hybrid cars will take over the entire market. The demand of
the fuel based cars would go down to the minimum level and hybrid car will take over the entire
auto-mobile industry or market. Ajanovic, Haas and Schrödl (2021), has disclosed in the study
conducted over hybrid car is such that these cars are a part of preferences customers all around
the world hold. Auto-mobile sector is currently seeing a transformation phase and hybrid cars are
the pillar or road map through which company will own its transformation. These cars will
complete change the spectrum of car industry that will inspire and motivate to the entire change
in the market. Hybrid cars are the future of auto-mobile industry as a whole. The total number of
car user is also expected to increase to almost 60% in the next 10 years. This is predicted that

hybrid cars will be cost friendly and budget oriented. Total cost of hybrid car will be estimated to
be low than the conventional cars. The low cost will further reduce the sale price that further
maximise the affordability of people to own these cars. Per capita across the globe is increasing
every year which will further be estimated to be double in developed countries along with many
of the developing nations. The increase per capita income will certain improve the buying power
or capacity of the target customers in market. Due to the improved scalability proper pollutions
measures will be able to take by the government.
This is estimated that in the next 10 years there will be plenty of changes that
stakeholders and auto-mobile industry will face at a global level. This is anticipated that auto
mobile industry will lead in future in comparison to other sector or industries of business
environment. Rising buying power and income of people will certainly create a dominance of the
auto-mobile sector. Hybrid car will play a massive role in this aspect. Ramu (2021), believed that
due to the availability of hybrid cars more number of buyers will come into the market and also
more number of traders and manufacturer will come in the industry. All these will create a
significant change and trend of completely the whole auto-mobile industry.
The limitations of hybrid cars in the near future
The future of hybrid cars will be bright but at some point there will be some of the
limitation that are related to limited ranges of the battery due to technology. Also Porsche have
added the gasoline fuel in the engines of the generator in order to charge the battery thus it can be
first vehicle that are combination of both. The power of the vehicle comparatively low also with
the electric cars and gasoline cars. This category of cars wills be like by people only when they
are usually derived into the city (Wang, Wang and Fan, 2018). It can be consider as the drawback
because the high prices of cars are affects the market in order to develop into the new market.
The normal person can not supposed to buy it. The regular petrol cars affordable for the normal
persons so the demand of that kind of product is already high in the market. It has been analysed
that standard version petrol cars are more costly than the normal cars but the same it does not
expensive as the hybrid cars. However, the extra amount of the offset are affect the running cost
and tax exemptions. Also, the another limitation is related to the poor handling just because
hybrid is the combinations of many machineries which are more better than the conventional car
the weight and efficiency are also low that affect the power of the vehicle.

The engine of the cars are need to develop in such a way where technology innovation is
necessary so that it can not be easy to find the mechanic that are also require for expertise. So the
maintenance cost of the product is very highs that can be afford by normal person (Zand, Nasab,
and Chamorro, 2020. In context to this, the charge of regular of the maintenance can be charge
high cost. It cans be the biggest limitations for the near future. For the development of changes it
charge high expensive for repairs or maintenance so that the persons will think about the product
after buying the hybrid car. Although, the highest cost will be charged due to running cost occurs
because of battery and in the emergency situations it can not be possible that all the parts of the
vehicle are available. To replace the battery that can be long- time process. Also, poor handling
can be the biggest limitation that are common in the because its affects the machinery other than
conventional cars that can be add extras in order to reduce the fuel and battery efficiency
(Steward, Mayyas and Mann, 2019). To cut down the weight hybrid cars are manufacturing in
such a way where the small engine are helps to redesign the other parts. In result to this it can be
reduced the power for vehicle which are helps to support in suspensions or body (Qin, Tang and
Zheng, 2020).
The another limitation in the future is related to increasing the electrocutions risks that
cans be affect in orders to company using high voltage of batteries other than normal cars.
Also,the risk are getting electrocuted in orders to highs replacements of the cost of the batteries
that can be seen due to rarity which are need to notice. The chance of accidents are increasing
due to highs voltage and that is whys people are not want that kind of car. The demands of hybrid
car were highs in market but due to various limitations it can bes analyses that the demand is
decreases that affect the market share of the company (Grosu, Grosu and Nechifor, 2022). This is
also not possibles to change the battery again and again because it is costly in nature. Further, the
resale value of the cars is uncertain so customer are afraid to sell the vehicle.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded that hybrid electrics vehicle are powered by internal electric motor
and combustion engine that can be used for store the batteries. It can not be plugged in charge
battery instead of regenerative braking. The report based ons the challenges faced by hybrid cars
such as limited drivings range in order to use by the people because it can not runs on that kind of
roads which are belongs to messy and bumpy. At that time it can not be affordable for the the
people just because of high cost. Also, the major issue is related to the battery life that are not

good and people are facing the problem regarding changing the battery. There are three questions
are addressed in the presents study about the reliability of the hybrid cars ins comparisons of
conventional cars. It has been founds that there are majors difference because people are more
focus ons buying the conventional cars because the services of the vehicle are more easy to
available ins the market. On the other hand it has been analysed that hybrid cars are expensive
and the battery life of the product is not as much good. The process of change the battery is long
as well ass expensive. Further, identify the affects of hybrid cars to the environment for the next
10 years. Also, it has discussed wits both positively and negative aspect of the vehicle on the
environment. Th hybrid cars are better than the other cars in order to effectiveness working and
efficient use of resources. Th airs quality produce by the vehicle cans not much harm the
environment as well ass its is also focus ions the sustainability of the product. Lastly, discussed
the limitation of the hybrid cars in the near futures which are related to expensive product, the
battery life is not as good.

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