Impact of Climate Change on Marine Ecosystem - Desklib

Impact Of The Climate Change On Marine Ecosystem
INTRODUCTION
The marine life is basically adapted to the various types of the
environmental stress. These can even tolerate the extremes of
environmental conditions but for a limited period of time. However,
it is important to note that the change in climate is severely affecting
the marine species. Therefore, when the unfavourable conditions
arise the cumulative effect can be a reason of extinction of a large
number of the species (Sciencemag.org, 2019).
AIM
The aim of the study is to study the impact of the climate change
on the marine ecosystem and it the study will be presented
through a poster presentation.
METHODS
A literature and website search was conducted that explicitly
highlighted the impact of climate change on the marine
ecosystem. The key words that were used for the literature search
included the climate change, impact on marine ecosystem. The
Google Scholar was used to conduct the literature search. The
websites that were selected were searched over Google and
similar kinds of keywords were used such as the climate change,
impact on marine ecosystem.
RESULTS
The most prominent change that took place due to the change in
climate is the habit forming species like the oysters, salt marsh
grass, sea grass, mangroves and the corals. While it is important to
note that the organisms form the habitat for the thousands of
others of species and the climate change have impacted the habitat
(Grimm et al. 2013). Which in turn have affected the species that
used to reside in such habitats. Such species disappear and this
occurs due to the habitat destruction. Due to the global stressors,
the coastal angiosperms have like the salt marsh communities, sea
grass and mangroves have faced threats. The impacts of the
mangroves vary with the location and the steep areas, steep coastal
lines the human intrusion have also hindered the inward migration
of mangroves (Wabnitz et al. 2018).
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
The change in climate has highly reflected the environmental changes that
have occurred due to the changes like the impact on the marine organisms,
decline in the level of oxygen, shift in the salinity, rise in sea level and
warming. However, it is important to mention that the rate of decrease of
some of the species is alarming.
Source: https://www.marineconservation.org.au/coral-bleaching/
Figure 1: The figure provides an overview of the ocean carbonate ion
concentration, ocean acidity and the ocean temperature. [Source:
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5985/1523.full]
The picture A shows the anomaly of surface temperature for the year
2010 relative to the year 1951 to the year 1980. The picture B provides
the same information but as a function of the latitude. The picture C
provides estimated change in the mean surface temperature and the
pH level for the preindustrial period and the pre-industrial day. The
picture D shows the estimated change in the carbonate ion
concentration between the preindustrial and the present day.
Figure 2: The impact of climatic change on the biological processes occurring
inside the ocean. [Source:
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5985/1523.full]
The pictures A to D shows the effect of temperature on the different types of
the food web properties. While the pictures E to F presents the relationship
between the abundance of the small phytoplankton and the temperature.
REFERENCE
Sciencemag.org, 2019. The Impact of Climate Change on the World’s Marine
Ecosystems. [online] sciencemag.org. Available at:
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5985/1523.full [Accessed 11 Mar. 2019].
Wabnitz, C.C., Lam, V.W., Reygondeau, G., Teh, L.C., Al-Abdulrazzak, D., Khalfallah, M.,
Pauly, D., Palomares, M.L.D., Zeller, D. and Cheung, W.W., 2018. Climate change
impacts on marine biodiversity, fisheries and society in the Arabian Gulf. PloS one,
13(5), p.e0194537.
Grimm, N.B., Chapin, F.S., Bierwagen, B., Gonzalez, P., Groffman, P.M., Luo, Y., Melton,
F., Nadelhoffer, K., Pairis, A., Raymond, P.A. and Schimel, J., 2013. The impacts of
climate change on ecosystem structure and function. Frontiers in Ecology and the
Environment, 11(9), pp.474-482.