Industrialization in Third World Countries
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This essay explores the positive impact of industrialization in third world countries, focusing on poverty reduction, economic growth, unemployment, labor, and time-saving techniques. It discusses how industrialization provides job opportunities, decreases dependency on foreign resources, improves access to medical resources, leads to urbanization, and saves time and labor. However, it also highlights the challenges of pollution and widening wealth gaps. The essay concludes that industrialization has both positive and negative impacts on the socio-economic lives of third world countries.
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Running Head: INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
Topic- Independent study essay- industrialization in third world countries
Student name
University name
Author notes
Topic- Independent study essay- industrialization in third world countries
Student name
University name
Author notes
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2INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
Issue
Industrialization pose a positive impact in third world countries.
Judgment
Judgment of the essay is factual.
Industrialization in underdeveloped country leads to modernization. It plays a vital role in
urbanization. Through industrialization economic growth of the country increases which helps in
decreasing the poverty rate and unemployment.
Thesis statement
To explore the positive impact of industrialization in third world countries with respect to
poverty, economic growth, unemployment, labor and time saving techniques.
Context
Industrialization is setting up industries and factories which leads to modernization. Third
world countries or underdeveloped countries which are way far from modernization faces
various complication with respect to business expansion, medical facilities, job opportunities and
other resources. Industrialization in such countries which needs improvisation helps in providing
such facilities to the local community and increases their way of living and also increases the life
expectancy rate of the demographic population.
Industrialization started in between 18th and 19th centuries, when America and Europe
moved towards urbanization. This is marked as the beginning of industrial revolution. Before
industrial movement started, manufacturing of tools and different items was often done at homes
by using hand tools and hand-made elementary machines. It involves large labor force and are
Issue
Industrialization pose a positive impact in third world countries.
Judgment
Judgment of the essay is factual.
Industrialization in underdeveloped country leads to modernization. It plays a vital role in
urbanization. Through industrialization economic growth of the country increases which helps in
decreasing the poverty rate and unemployment.
Thesis statement
To explore the positive impact of industrialization in third world countries with respect to
poverty, economic growth, unemployment, labor and time saving techniques.
Context
Industrialization is setting up industries and factories which leads to modernization. Third
world countries or underdeveloped countries which are way far from modernization faces
various complication with respect to business expansion, medical facilities, job opportunities and
other resources. Industrialization in such countries which needs improvisation helps in providing
such facilities to the local community and increases their way of living and also increases the life
expectancy rate of the demographic population.
Industrialization started in between 18th and 19th centuries, when America and Europe
moved towards urbanization. This is marked as the beginning of industrial revolution. Before
industrial movement started, manufacturing of tools and different items was often done at homes
by using hand tools and hand-made elementary machines. It involves large labor force and are
3INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
also time consuming. To minimize the manufacturing time, new tools and technologies was
implemented. Invention of steam engine also plays a vital role in urbanization as it helps in
expanding business among the countries. Industrial revolution posed a positive impact on the
living by giving rise to urbanization.
Now-a-days most of the people rely on industries to earn for their living. It deliver more
job opportunities to the general people of the third world countries and also helps in economic
growth of the country.
Main arguments
1. Industrialization in third world countries decreases poverty rate by providing countless
job opportunities to the general population.
i. Industrialization have a positive impact in decreasing the unemployment
rate in developing countries by providing jobs to needy people (Alvarez,
Barney & Newman, 2015).
ii. In Latin America and East Asia 34% of the total population rely on
industrialization for their living (Gereffi & Wyman, 2014).
iii. After industrialization in Ghana, rate of unemployment decreases in recent
years (Honorati & Johansson de Silva, 2016).
iv. Counter- Even after industrialization, structure of unemployment does not
change in Gresik because of lack of education among the local
communities (Sutikno & Suliswanto, 2017).
2. Industrialization helps in decreasing the dependency of common people on foreign
resources by large scale production of goods in the country.
also time consuming. To minimize the manufacturing time, new tools and technologies was
implemented. Invention of steam engine also plays a vital role in urbanization as it helps in
expanding business among the countries. Industrial revolution posed a positive impact on the
living by giving rise to urbanization.
Now-a-days most of the people rely on industries to earn for their living. It deliver more
job opportunities to the general people of the third world countries and also helps in economic
growth of the country.
Main arguments
1. Industrialization in third world countries decreases poverty rate by providing countless
job opportunities to the general population.
i. Industrialization have a positive impact in decreasing the unemployment
rate in developing countries by providing jobs to needy people (Alvarez,
Barney & Newman, 2015).
ii. In Latin America and East Asia 34% of the total population rely on
industrialization for their living (Gereffi & Wyman, 2014).
iii. After industrialization in Ghana, rate of unemployment decreases in recent
years (Honorati & Johansson de Silva, 2016).
iv. Counter- Even after industrialization, structure of unemployment does not
change in Gresik because of lack of education among the local
communities (Sutikno & Suliswanto, 2017).
2. Industrialization helps in decreasing the dependency of common people on foreign
resources by large scale production of goods in the country.
4INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
i. Industrialization also helps in agricultural growth in many developing
countries by lowering the cost of pesticides and insecticide (Aggarwal, &
Kumar, 2015)
ii. In developing countries, industrialization lowers the cost of several goods
such as, shoes, clothing and fiber materials (Kuznetsov, Gimpelson &
Yakovlev, 2015).
iii. Industrialization in underdeveloped countries helps in accessing medical
items and medicines at affordable rates than before (Mackintosh, Banda,
Wamae & Tibandebage, 2016).
iv. Counter- Setting of factories for large scale production of goods leads to
overcrowding and pollution (Cherniwchan, 2012).
3. Industrialization leads to rise in the standard of living of common people of the
developing countries by providing easy access to medical resources.
i. Developed countries have easy access to medical care and hence, any
illness and disease can be cured more rapidly with effective result and
better health outcomes (Canudas-Romo, Booth & Bergeron-Boucher,
2019).
ii. Life expectancy rate of a population increases in third world countries
after industrialization came into action (kontis et al., 2017)
iii. In under developed countries mortality rate is high due to less medical
facilities and proper care (Moy, 2017).
i. Industrialization also helps in agricultural growth in many developing
countries by lowering the cost of pesticides and insecticide (Aggarwal, &
Kumar, 2015)
ii. In developing countries, industrialization lowers the cost of several goods
such as, shoes, clothing and fiber materials (Kuznetsov, Gimpelson &
Yakovlev, 2015).
iii. Industrialization in underdeveloped countries helps in accessing medical
items and medicines at affordable rates than before (Mackintosh, Banda,
Wamae & Tibandebage, 2016).
iv. Counter- Setting of factories for large scale production of goods leads to
overcrowding and pollution (Cherniwchan, 2012).
3. Industrialization leads to rise in the standard of living of common people of the
developing countries by providing easy access to medical resources.
i. Developed countries have easy access to medical care and hence, any
illness and disease can be cured more rapidly with effective result and
better health outcomes (Canudas-Romo, Booth & Bergeron-Boucher,
2019).
ii. Life expectancy rate of a population increases in third world countries
after industrialization came into action (kontis et al., 2017)
iii. In under developed countries mortality rate is high due to less medical
facilities and proper care (Moy, 2017).
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5INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
iv. Counter - Air and water pollution caused by numerous industries in china
imposed health threat to local population residing nearby (Li, Liu, Lü,
Liang & Harmer, 2015).
4. Industrialization in third world countries gives rise to urbanization.
i. Through Industrialization, the population of developing countries are
getting better life style by having their own home, job and improved
education (Gollin, Jedwab & Vollrath, 2016).
ii. Industrialization helps in improving the awareness for education, which is
one of the major characteristics of urbanization (Kaelble, 2017).
iii. Industrialization and urbanization are correlated. Industrialization in third
world countries provides platform for entrepreneurs to expand their
business (Nagori & Saxena, 2012).
iv. Counter- Urbanization increases the pollution by emitting high amount of
CO2 in atmosphere (Xu, B., & Lin, B. (2015).
5. Industrialization in third world countries saves time and labor, and provide efficient
result.
i. Invention of new technologies and equipment deliver efficient result
within limited time (Blyton, 2017).
ii. Under most circumstances’ industrialization focuses on implementation of
labor-saving technologies (Martínez‐Galarraga & Prat, 2016).
iii. Large scale production of goods by industrialization significantly reduces
the time that would be consumed during manual operations (Rasiah,
McFarlane & Kuruvilla, 2015).
iv. Counter - Air and water pollution caused by numerous industries in china
imposed health threat to local population residing nearby (Li, Liu, Lü,
Liang & Harmer, 2015).
4. Industrialization in third world countries gives rise to urbanization.
i. Through Industrialization, the population of developing countries are
getting better life style by having their own home, job and improved
education (Gollin, Jedwab & Vollrath, 2016).
ii. Industrialization helps in improving the awareness for education, which is
one of the major characteristics of urbanization (Kaelble, 2017).
iii. Industrialization and urbanization are correlated. Industrialization in third
world countries provides platform for entrepreneurs to expand their
business (Nagori & Saxena, 2012).
iv. Counter- Urbanization increases the pollution by emitting high amount of
CO2 in atmosphere (Xu, B., & Lin, B. (2015).
5. Industrialization in third world countries saves time and labor, and provide efficient
result.
i. Invention of new technologies and equipment deliver efficient result
within limited time (Blyton, 2017).
ii. Under most circumstances’ industrialization focuses on implementation of
labor-saving technologies (Martínez‐Galarraga & Prat, 2016).
iii. Large scale production of goods by industrialization significantly reduces
the time that would be consumed during manual operations (Rasiah,
McFarlane & Kuruvilla, 2015).
6INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
Counter- After setting up new factories in developing countries, job opportunities for labor
decreases which leads to formation of gap between rich and poor (Cherng & Hannum, 2013).
Counter- After setting up new factories in developing countries, job opportunities for labor
decreases which leads to formation of gap between rich and poor (Cherng & Hannum, 2013).
7INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
Conclusion
To end the paper, it could be said that industrialization is definitely a boon for the development
of the third world countries and has a positive impact on the economic growth of the nations by
reducing poverty and unemployment to a greater extent (Aggarwal & Kumar, 2015). But it has
also some banes along with its positive impact in the society. It is true that industrialization lead
to modernization but if the basic tool of development and empowerment, that is, education is
lacking no nation could prosper in the long run (Cherng & Hannum, 2013). Developing
economies are at times negatively affected by the outcomes of industrialization as the cost of
goods and products become reduced and the poverty eradication becomes more difficult.
Agricultural development is supported by industrialization by providing modern equipment and
techniques of farming and cultivation and also help in lowering costs of pesticides and
insecticides. Medical conditions become more easier to access and disease control become more
effective (Mackintosh et al., 2016). As a result, life standards become better. But it also creates
adversity of overcrowding and environmental pollution as a result of setting of large-scale
production factories and industries. Rate of life expectancy among people increases and
mortality rate in under-developed countries became lesser after the improvement of medical
conditions. But industries increase the scope of air and water pollution by emission of toxic
chemicals in liquid and gaseous forms. As a result, the health threats have increased considerably
(Canudas-Romo, Booth & Bergeron-Boucher, 2019). Urbanization resulted from
industrialization has positively impacted the life style, education facilities, job opportunities and
quality living standards in one hand but on the other has increased the environmental pollution to
a greater extent and is contributing much to overall global warming situations. Effective
utilization of time and labor is one of the aftereffects of industrialization and newer technologies
Conclusion
To end the paper, it could be said that industrialization is definitely a boon for the development
of the third world countries and has a positive impact on the economic growth of the nations by
reducing poverty and unemployment to a greater extent (Aggarwal & Kumar, 2015). But it has
also some banes along with its positive impact in the society. It is true that industrialization lead
to modernization but if the basic tool of development and empowerment, that is, education is
lacking no nation could prosper in the long run (Cherng & Hannum, 2013). Developing
economies are at times negatively affected by the outcomes of industrialization as the cost of
goods and products become reduced and the poverty eradication becomes more difficult.
Agricultural development is supported by industrialization by providing modern equipment and
techniques of farming and cultivation and also help in lowering costs of pesticides and
insecticides. Medical conditions become more easier to access and disease control become more
effective (Mackintosh et al., 2016). As a result, life standards become better. But it also creates
adversity of overcrowding and environmental pollution as a result of setting of large-scale
production factories and industries. Rate of life expectancy among people increases and
mortality rate in under-developed countries became lesser after the improvement of medical
conditions. But industries increase the scope of air and water pollution by emission of toxic
chemicals in liquid and gaseous forms. As a result, the health threats have increased considerably
(Canudas-Romo, Booth & Bergeron-Boucher, 2019). Urbanization resulted from
industrialization has positively impacted the life style, education facilities, job opportunities and
quality living standards in one hand but on the other has increased the environmental pollution to
a greater extent and is contributing much to overall global warming situations. Effective
utilization of time and labor is one of the aftereffects of industrialization and newer technologies
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8INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
are being implemented holistically that saves both manpower and time (Blyton, 2017). Decrease
in manual operations has increased the job cuts for labor class and as a result the demarcation
between the rich and the poor has been widened up. So, to find the actual effect of
industrialization is really tough but it has made some remarkable contributions to society which
can help in counterattacking the adversities. So, industrialization has both positive significances
and negative impacts on the socio-economic lives of the third world countries and their
conditions from underdeveloped nations has been promoted to developing nations to a great
extent.
are being implemented holistically that saves both manpower and time (Blyton, 2017). Decrease
in manual operations has increased the job cuts for labor class and as a result the demarcation
between the rich and the poor has been widened up. So, to find the actual effect of
industrialization is really tough but it has made some remarkable contributions to society which
can help in counterattacking the adversities. So, industrialization has both positive significances
and negative impacts on the socio-economic lives of the third world countries and their
conditions from underdeveloped nations has been promoted to developing nations to a great
extent.
9INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
References
Aggarwal, A., & Kumar, N. (2015). Structural Change, Industrialization, and Poverty Reduction.
Structural change and industrial development in the BRICS, 199.
https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=UIW-
CQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA199&dq=Aggarwal,+A.,+%26+Kumar,+N.+(2015).
+Structural+Change,+Industrialization,+and+Poverty+Reduction.
+Structural+change+and+industrial+development+in+the+BRICS,
+199.&ots=0j0VmTaVM3&sig=utnV7hRTOOV8-
jLqnx8kh6zdv4c#v=onepage&q=Aggarwal%2C%20A.%2C%20%26%20Kumar%2C
%20N.%20(2015).%20Structural%20Change%2C%20Industrialization%2C%20and
%20Poverty%20Reduction.%20Structural%20change%20and%20industrial
%20development%20in%20the%20BRICS%2C%20199.&f=false
Alvarez, S. A., Barney, J. B., & Newman, A. M. (2015). The poverty problem and the
industrialization solution. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 32(1), 23-37. DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-014-9397-5
Blyton, P. (2017). Time and labour relations. In Time, work and organization (pp. 105-131).
Routledge. Retrived from:
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781351972574/chapters/10.4324/978131526727
2-6
Canudas-Romo, V., Booth, H., & Bergeron-Boucher, M. P. (2019). Minimum Death Rates and
Maximum Life Expectancy: The Role of Concordant Ages. North American Actuarial
Journal, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10920277.2018.1519448
Cherng, H. Y. S., & Hannum, E. (2013). Community poverty, industrialization, and educational
gender gaps in rural China. Social forces, 92(2), 659-690.
https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/sot084
Cherniwchan, J. (2012). Economic growth, industrialization, and the environment. Resource and
Energy Economics, 34(4), 442-467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2012.04.004
Gereffi, G., & Wyman, D. L. (Eds.). (2014). Manufacturing miracles: paths of industrialization
in Latin America and East Asia (Vol. 1189). Princeton University Press. Retrieved from
https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=VyoABAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Gereffi,+G.,+%26+Wyman,
+D.+L.+(Eds.).+(2014).+Manufacturing+miracles:
+paths+of+industrialization+in+Latin+America+and+East+Asia+(Vol.+1189).
+Princeton+University+Press.&ots=HZT0frY8pJ&sig=W7TPc-
VVFYB83RNCTBw3ByIqTYo#v=onepage&q&f=false
Gollin, D., Jedwab, R., & Vollrath, D. (2016). Urbanization with and without Industrialization.
Journal of Economic Growth, 21(1), 35-70. doi: 10.1007/s10887-015-9121-4
References
Aggarwal, A., & Kumar, N. (2015). Structural Change, Industrialization, and Poverty Reduction.
Structural change and industrial development in the BRICS, 199.
https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=UIW-
CQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA199&dq=Aggarwal,+A.,+%26+Kumar,+N.+(2015).
+Structural+Change,+Industrialization,+and+Poverty+Reduction.
+Structural+change+and+industrial+development+in+the+BRICS,
+199.&ots=0j0VmTaVM3&sig=utnV7hRTOOV8-
jLqnx8kh6zdv4c#v=onepage&q=Aggarwal%2C%20A.%2C%20%26%20Kumar%2C
%20N.%20(2015).%20Structural%20Change%2C%20Industrialization%2C%20and
%20Poverty%20Reduction.%20Structural%20change%20and%20industrial
%20development%20in%20the%20BRICS%2C%20199.&f=false
Alvarez, S. A., Barney, J. B., & Newman, A. M. (2015). The poverty problem and the
industrialization solution. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 32(1), 23-37. DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-014-9397-5
Blyton, P. (2017). Time and labour relations. In Time, work and organization (pp. 105-131).
Routledge. Retrived from:
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781351972574/chapters/10.4324/978131526727
2-6
Canudas-Romo, V., Booth, H., & Bergeron-Boucher, M. P. (2019). Minimum Death Rates and
Maximum Life Expectancy: The Role of Concordant Ages. North American Actuarial
Journal, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10920277.2018.1519448
Cherng, H. Y. S., & Hannum, E. (2013). Community poverty, industrialization, and educational
gender gaps in rural China. Social forces, 92(2), 659-690.
https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/sot084
Cherniwchan, J. (2012). Economic growth, industrialization, and the environment. Resource and
Energy Economics, 34(4), 442-467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2012.04.004
Gereffi, G., & Wyman, D. L. (Eds.). (2014). Manufacturing miracles: paths of industrialization
in Latin America and East Asia (Vol. 1189). Princeton University Press. Retrieved from
https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=VyoABAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Gereffi,+G.,+%26+Wyman,
+D.+L.+(Eds.).+(2014).+Manufacturing+miracles:
+paths+of+industrialization+in+Latin+America+and+East+Asia+(Vol.+1189).
+Princeton+University+Press.&ots=HZT0frY8pJ&sig=W7TPc-
VVFYB83RNCTBw3ByIqTYo#v=onepage&q&f=false
Gollin, D., Jedwab, R., & Vollrath, D. (2016). Urbanization with and without Industrialization.
Journal of Economic Growth, 21(1), 35-70. doi: 10.1007/s10887-015-9121-4
10INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
Honorati, M., & Johansson de Silva, S. (2016). Expanding job opportunities in Ghana. The
World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0941-5
Kaelble, H. (2017). Educational opportunities and government policies in Europe in the period of
industrialization. In Development of Welfare States in Europe and America (pp. 239-
268). Routledge. Retrieved from:
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781351304917/chapters/10.4324/978135130492
4-13
Kontis, V., Bennett, J. E., Mathers, C. D., Li, G., Foreman, K., & Ezzati, M. (2017). Future life
expectancy in 35 industrialised countries: projections with a Bayesian model
ensemble. The Lancet, 389(10076), 1323-1335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-
6736(16)32381-9
Kuznetsov, B., Gimpelson, V., & Yakovlev, A. (2015). Industrialization in the Russian
Federation. Structural Change and Industrial Development in the BRICS, 138-161.
Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=UIW-
CQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA138&dq=Industrialization+and+cheaper+goods&ots=0j0V
lW7XM8&sig=ab7yZPdqviePr3QHwiacLo843ko#v=onepage&q=Industrialization
%20and%20cheaper%20goods&f=false
Li, F., Liu, Y., Lü, J., Liang, L., & Harmer, P. (2015). Ambient air pollution in China poses a
multifaceted health threat to outdoor physical activity. J Epidemiol Community
Health, 69(3), 201-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2014-203892
Mackintosh, M., Banda, G., Wamae, W., & Tibandebage, P. (Eds.). (2016). Making medicines in
Africa: The political economy of industrializing for local health. Springer. Retrieved
from: https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=I9wtCwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Industrialization+and+affordab
le+medicines&ots=eOXJ0Xo0y0&sig=Bni1ozb0HL5Yo9IexrAfIQOtdOE#v=onepage&
q&f=false
Martínez‐Galarraga, J., & Prat, M. (2016). Wages, prices, and technology in early C atalan
industrialization. The Economic History Review, 69(2), 548-574.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.12127
Moy, E., Garcia, M. C., Bastian, B., Rossen, L. M., Ingram, D. D., Faul, M., ... & Iademarco, M.
F. (2017). Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas-United
States, 1999-2014. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries
(Washington, DC: 2002), 66(1), 1-8. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.ss6601a1
Nagori, N., & Saxena, K. (2012). Marketing of rural handicraft products through retail format: a
synthetic review. Annals of management research, 2(1), 45-59. Retrived from
http://ijmtpublication.com/files/AOMR_2_1_2012/AOMR_2_1_2012_5.pdf
Rasiah, R., McFarlane, B., & Kuruvilla, S. (2015). Globalization, industrialization and labour
markets. https://doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2014.974313
Honorati, M., & Johansson de Silva, S. (2016). Expanding job opportunities in Ghana. The
World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0941-5
Kaelble, H. (2017). Educational opportunities and government policies in Europe in the period of
industrialization. In Development of Welfare States in Europe and America (pp. 239-
268). Routledge. Retrieved from:
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781351304917/chapters/10.4324/978135130492
4-13
Kontis, V., Bennett, J. E., Mathers, C. D., Li, G., Foreman, K., & Ezzati, M. (2017). Future life
expectancy in 35 industrialised countries: projections with a Bayesian model
ensemble. The Lancet, 389(10076), 1323-1335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-
6736(16)32381-9
Kuznetsov, B., Gimpelson, V., & Yakovlev, A. (2015). Industrialization in the Russian
Federation. Structural Change and Industrial Development in the BRICS, 138-161.
Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=UIW-
CQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA138&dq=Industrialization+and+cheaper+goods&ots=0j0V
lW7XM8&sig=ab7yZPdqviePr3QHwiacLo843ko#v=onepage&q=Industrialization
%20and%20cheaper%20goods&f=false
Li, F., Liu, Y., Lü, J., Liang, L., & Harmer, P. (2015). Ambient air pollution in China poses a
multifaceted health threat to outdoor physical activity. J Epidemiol Community
Health, 69(3), 201-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2014-203892
Mackintosh, M., Banda, G., Wamae, W., & Tibandebage, P. (Eds.). (2016). Making medicines in
Africa: The political economy of industrializing for local health. Springer. Retrieved
from: https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=I9wtCwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Industrialization+and+affordab
le+medicines&ots=eOXJ0Xo0y0&sig=Bni1ozb0HL5Yo9IexrAfIQOtdOE#v=onepage&
q&f=false
Martínez‐Galarraga, J., & Prat, M. (2016). Wages, prices, and technology in early C atalan
industrialization. The Economic History Review, 69(2), 548-574.
https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.12127
Moy, E., Garcia, M. C., Bastian, B., Rossen, L. M., Ingram, D. D., Faul, M., ... & Iademarco, M.
F. (2017). Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas-United
States, 1999-2014. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries
(Washington, DC: 2002), 66(1), 1-8. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.ss6601a1
Nagori, N., & Saxena, K. (2012). Marketing of rural handicraft products through retail format: a
synthetic review. Annals of management research, 2(1), 45-59. Retrived from
http://ijmtpublication.com/files/AOMR_2_1_2012/AOMR_2_1_2012_5.pdf
Rasiah, R., McFarlane, B., & Kuruvilla, S. (2015). Globalization, industrialization and labour
markets. https://doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2014.974313
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11INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THIRD WORLD COUNTRIES
Sutikno, S., & Suliswanto, M. S. W. (2017). The Impact of Industrialization on The Regional
Economic Development and Community Welfare. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 6(2),
231-246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v6i2.5334
Xu, B., & Lin, B. (2015). How industrialization and urbanization process impacts on CO2
emissions in China: evidence from nonparametric additive regression models. Energy
Economics, 48, 188- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.005
Sutikno, S., & Suliswanto, M. S. W. (2017). The Impact of Industrialization on The Regional
Economic Development and Community Welfare. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 6(2),
231-246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v6i2.5334
Xu, B., & Lin, B. (2015). How industrialization and urbanization process impacts on CO2
emissions in China: evidence from nonparametric additive regression models. Energy
Economics, 48, 188- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.005
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