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Infection Disease Prevention and Management

   

Added on  2020-04-21

13 Pages3260 Words96 Views
Running head: INFECTIOUS DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENTANALYSIS OF THE RISK FACTORS FOR THE SPREAD OF INFECTIOUS DISEASEIN THE GOLD COAST COMMONWEALTH GAMES, 2018Name of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note

1INFECTIOUS DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENTGold Coast environment in relevance to infectious diseaseThe XXI Commonwealth Games (2018) is scheduled in Gold Coast in Queensland,Australia, and will be the fifth Commonwealth Game hosted by Australia. The game start onApril 4th, and has provisioned the accommodation of 6600 athletes and officials in the formof an athletes village comprising of 1252 houses, 1170 apartments and 82 townhouses inSouthport. As a result, there will be an enormous influx of people (athletes, audiences,dignitaries) in the city, and therefore increasing the chances of introducing infectious diseaseinto the community. If not checked and controlled properly, a potential outbreak scenario canensue due to the influx, and can jeopardize the public health as well as the health of thevisitors. It is therefore vital to identify the diseases most prevalent in the city, and the diseasesthat can potentially be favored by the environmental conditions of Gold Coast. Identifying thepathogenicity and etiologies of these communicable diseases can allow the implementation ofpreventative measures to control disease outbreaks/spreads.Gold Coast has a humid subtropical climate. The winters are warm (average of 25 to29 degree Celsius) and hot and humid summers (average 23 to 27 degree Celsius with 106%to 121 % humidity) (Surfers Paradise Forecast, 2017). This can provide a good sustainableenvironment for different kinds of pathogens that exists or can be introduced to Gold Coast.Currently, the Gold Coast environment has seen the prevalence of different types ofinfectious diseases like diseases borne of contaminated food or water, diseases carried bymosquito (like Dengue), Viral Zoonotic Disease (like Australian Bat Lyssavirus or Q fever),Influenza, and infections (like meningococcal disease). Tick borne disease like Lyme diseasehas shown several incidences in Australia (Tick Borne Diseases | Gold Coast HyperthermiaDr Craig Thompson – Integrative GP, 2017).

2INFECTIOUS DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENTSome of the more relevant diseases in Gold Coast are Mosquito Borne diseases (likeDengue and Zika), and Influenza. As per Gold Coast Bulletin (August 26th, 2017), havereported an increased number of Influenza infections, with teenagers between 10 and 19 yearsbeing at the highest risk Statistics from Gold Coast Hospital Health Services shows a 20%increase (520 cases in a week) in the incidence of Influenza (Coast fully sick as flu numberssoar, 2017). Similarly Mosquito borne disease like Zika, have also been reported before.Presumably the Aedes aegypti (Dengue mosquitoes) can pick up the Zika virus from aninfected traveler, and spread it (Zika virus | Queensland Health, 2017). Infrastructure related to infection control and managementThe infrastructure applicable to/ associated with Infection Control and ManagementPlan (ICMP) enables better management of communicable diseases, and its treatment. Theinfrastructure can be comprised of an Infection Prevention Team, Long Term Care Facilitiesand Hospital Surveillance of Health Associated Contagion. ICMP is a standard design aimedfor reduction or prevention of infectious diseases in regards to healthcare services forpatients, healthcare professionals working in the facility as well as individuals who can getinfected in the facility. The declared healthcare facilities includes public hospitals, bloodbanks, occupational therapists, dental clinic, pathology laboratories, podiatry clinic,acupuncturists, specialist practice clinic, physiotherapists, speech therapists, pharmacies,hyperbaric medicines, aboriginal healthcare services, dermatology service, pharmaceuticals,nursing service, optometrists, correctional service, diabetes educators, radiological anddiagnostic imaging services, stem cell transplant service and Chinese medicines.Infection control program involves components like basic measures for infectioncontrol; education, training of healthcare workers; protecting the health of people through theprocesses of immunization; health hazard identification and risks mitigation; conducting

3INFECTIOUS DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENTroutine activities and practices and effective work practices; surveillance; monitoring ofincidence; investigation of outbreaks; research and controlling infections in specific situations(Poff, & Browning, 2014).An Infection Control Committee acts as a forum for sharing information and allows amultidisciplinary input and help, and should include representatives from a wide variety ofprofessions like management, healthcare workers, pharmacies, clinical microbiologists,housekeeping, sterilization services, maintenance and training services. They should be ableto review and commend surveillance and prevention activities, identify scope of interventionfrom surveillance data, promote better health practice and assess the existing practicestandards, ensuring proper training of staff in the domains of infection control andmanagement. Quarantine Centers are applicable in conditions to stop further spread of the disease,by isolating the infected cases from non infected individuals. The quarantine centers willallow a safe study of the remedy and treatment, while ensuring safety for the population andhealth workers (Drazen et al., 2014). Vaccination protocols can allow preventative measures, providing protection tohealthcare providers and to public. The vaccines help to build up immunity against diseases,and therefore is an important measure of disease prevention and managing (Vaccines, 2017).Surveillance allows proper reporting of infection incidences. Infection investigationdone in accordance of CDC definition, can allow effective identification of the prevalentdiseases, and thereby formulate a control.Major infectious diseases of concern and their relevant etiology and epidemiology.

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