Information System Development for Hospital

This report discusses the implementation of an information system in healthcare institutes to conduct operations efficiently. It highlights the project's major constituents and requirements.

Running head: INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Information System Development for Hospital
[Name of the Student]
[Name of the University]
[Author note]

1INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Executive summary:
This report is mainly associated with discussing about the healthcare industry and according to
analysis it has been identified that this particular industry is having a huge potential for the entire
human species. Besides this in today’s era we have been associated with witnessing a huge leap
in the development of the information technology. Here in this report we would be discussing
about the implementation of the Information system in the healthcare institutes so as to conduct
their various kind of operations in an efficient manner. In addition to this the major constitutes of
the project associated with the implementation of the Information system has also been
highlighted in this report.

2INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Table of Contents
Introduction:....................................................................................................................................4
Approach towards the development of the System:........................................................................4
Information System Requirements:.................................................................................................5
Functional requirements:.................................................................................................5
Non-functional requirements:..........................................................................................6
List of service and functionalities:...................................................................................................6
Purpose of the Plan:.........................................................................................................................7
Project Aim:.....................................................................................................................................7
Expectation:.....................................................................................................................................8
Business scenario:............................................................................................................................8
Data Flow diagram of the Information System:..............................................................................9
Project phases:...............................................................................................................................11
Analysis of the system:..................................................................................................11
Designing of the system:...............................................................................................11
Programming:................................................................................................................12
Testing:..........................................................................................................................12
Implementation:.............................................................................................................12
Major assumptions:........................................................................................................................12
Project Constraints:........................................................................................................................13

3INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Project Schedule:...........................................................................................................................14
Project resources and their roles:...................................................................................................15
Conclusion:....................................................................................................................................16
References:....................................................................................................................................17

4INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Introduction:
The healthcare industry is associated with witnessing a very fast metabolism in its each
and every section along with witnessing an increased advancement in the field of technology
(Beglaryan, Petrosyan and Bunker 2017). The usage of the information systems in the healthcare
industry is seen to be increasingly becoming advanced in last few decades or so and in addition
to this the ever-growing range of capabilities have been associated with leading to a widespread
usage of the systems by means of the healthcare industry. This project would be associated with
designing of a health information system which generally refers to the system which is designed
for managing the healthcare data (Ahmadi et al. 2017). This would also be associated with
including the systems which would be responsible for the collection, storing and management
and transmitting of the patient’s electronic medical record along with being associated with
supporting the hospitals operational management or the systems which are responsible for
supporting the decisions related to the healthcare policies.
Approach towards the development of the System:
The information system can be developed by adaptation of various kind of approaches.
Amongst this approaches some of the common methodologies includes the waterfall
methodology agile, prototyping and many more. Each of the methodology which are seen to be
used for the development of the health information system is having its own advantages as well
as disadvantages and it is entirely dependent upon the nature of the project and its type
(Binobaid, Almeziny and Fan 2017). The appropriate approach can be selected only after the
feasibility analysis of the project is completed.

5INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
This particular project is associated with including the development of the HIS or health
information system by making use of the system requirements which are already pre-set and are
to be included into the system. Depending upon the analysis it can be stated that the project
approach which is to be adopted for this particular project is the Prototyping approach (Carvalho
et al. 2019). This particular approach is chosen as the entire system would be involving the
development followed by the testing of the HIS prototype before the final system gets developed
and tested so as to get it ready for going live.
Information System Requirements:
The information system which is to be developed are having particular requirements
which can be classified into two categories and this is associated with including the functional
and non-functional requirements. The functional requirements of the system is mainly associated
with including those which would be running the entire system in accordance to the requirements
which are predetermined by the system (Frangos et al. 2018). Contrarily the non-functional
requirements are mainly associated with including those which are having no active participation
or function in the system but would certainly be associated with providing support to the
functional requirements for performing which means without the non-functional requirements it
would become impossible for the functional requirements to run.
Functional requirements:
 EMR or electronic medical records for the patients
 Usage of the personal profile of the patients and doctors so as to get their accessibility
 Updating of the inventory of medicines which are available at the medical store of the
hospital along with getting remote access to the inventory

6INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
 Usage of bar coding so as to track the patients along with the services materials and the
medications
Non-functional requirements:
 Security which the online payment gateways should have
 Security should be necessarily present for the personal and the medical information of the
patients as well as of the doctors.
 Usage of UHID or the Unique Health Identifier for the purpose of having a unique patient
identification system.
List of service and functionalities:
Functionality Service Type Description
Patient
Registration
To be
automated so
as to avoid
delays in
receiving
teratment
Registration The details of the patients would
be processed and recorded and
would be allocated to the
respective care provider
Admissions,
Discharges and
Transfers (ADT
Module)
Development
of Electronic
medical
records and
automation
of the system
Hospital
Management
Once the registration is
completed the patient would be
admitted and would be allocated
to the respective doctor so as to
receive treatment and once the
treatment is completed the
patient would be discharged from
the hospital and all the records
related to the patient would be
stored in to the cloud servers.
Patient Billing Automated
billing desk
Payment After the treatment is completed
and all the bills would be
prepared which would be
processed and provided to the
patients family so as to pay for
the treatment provided.
Claims
Submissions and
Processing
Processing
of patients
details to the
Payment
service
The usage of the EHR or the
electronic health record would be
helping in storing the details of

7INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
insurance
companies
the patients so as to forward to
the respective insurance
companies in an automated way
so as to eliminate any kind of
hassles and help the patients in
receiving their claims once the
process of verification is
completed.
Pharmacy
Management and
Dispensing
Inventory
management
Inventory This information system would
also be helping in management
of the hospital pharmacy by
means of checking the inventory.
General Ledger
and Financial
Reporting
Account
maintenance
of the
hospital and
management
of payments
Financial
condition
All the accounts of the hospital
would be managed properly so as
to find out if the hospital is
having profit or loss or for
checking if there is any kind of
mismanagement of the accounts.
Purpose of the Plan:
The purpose of this project is mainly aimed at managing the information system of the
Hospital by means of recommending a business scenario followed by the identification of the
operations along with the tasks, approaches, resources and the expected outcomes of the project.
This is also associated with including the data which are related to the budget, timeline, staffing
and instructions of the project (Handayani et al. 2016). Besides this it is also associated with
providing an individual as well as groups objectives associated with instructions, the project plan
generally acts as the roadmap for the entire project, some of the major parameters included in the
hospital systems includes the patients, medical equipment, doctors and many more and this are
considered to be factors which or who are associated with having the need of different
information that are to be provided by the Information system.

8INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Project Aim:
The main aim of this project is associated with including the gathering and analysis of the
requirements for the information that is required by the system which is to be used by the
hospital which is finally associated with the development and delivering of the complete
functional information system which would be helping the hospitals to get fully automated in
which multiple operations would be handled by the systems which would be developed (Ismail
2016). The project is mainly aimed at the business scenario of the hospitals. The hospital is seen
to be associated with dealing with different kind of information system mainly for the purpose of
storing all the data along with tracking of the items, clarifying of the complaints of the common
peoples regarding any of the service provided by the hospital. Data are seen to be different in
different domains such as the list of customers, list of medical equipment required, list of
patients and healthcare providers and many more (Karampela et al. 2017). For this reason the
information system is seen to be associated with playing a very important role in the hospital.
This in turn leads to the need of managing this type of system so as to have a proper as well as
effective performance of the Hospital.
Expectation:
It is expected that the final outcome of the project would be helping the hospital in
different ways such as helping in focusing upon the core business operations, increased
efficiency in providing care to the patients, accessing the higher talents or products from other
specialized health domains so as to have a quick as well as efficient move towards the market
full of competition.

9INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Business scenario:
The Information system which is to be developed for the hospital is considered to be an
application which would be entirely dependent upon the web based marketplace. The hospital is
seen to be associated with facing a lot of difficulties in the process of maintaining the different
kind of health related data as well as the patients’ health (Kuipers 2016). For this reason a new
information system would be built for the system which would be helping the hospital in
automating its various kind of operations such as management of the health records of the
patients and many more. The project would be developed by usage of the software which would
be helping in meeting all the requirements of the hospitals management (Laudon and Laudon
2016). It would be consisting of a database which would be helping in keeping a track of the
different kind of operations along with helping in tracking the inventory of the entire hospital
medical store, list of care providers working for the hospital and many more. This information
system can be implemented for each and every department of the hospital so as to have a quick
and efficient operation.

10INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Data Flow diagram of the Information System:
Cloud computing deployment Architecture:

11INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Fig 2: Cloud Based Deployment model
This is the proposed mobile cloud computing architecture which would be used which
multi agent service used for the healthcare and has been associated with presenting the
interactions taking place in an agent dependent architecture for the healthcare. The proposed
information system is to be used with this cloud computing architecture and the architecture is
consisting of a set of autonomous agents who are adapted to the interaction. The agents are
generally classified into two groups which mainly includes the intelligent agent or the super
agents and the Swarm players who are generally inspired by the Swarm Intelligence fields.
Besides this this particular architecture is associated with including two layers of
intelligent agents which represents the medical organization along with their respective roles and

12INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
the communication patterns and is associated with facilitating the interoperability along with the
accessibility to the information.
Project phases:
The entire project would be completed would be done by following of certain successive
phases which includes the preliminary analysis of the system, designing of the system, testing,
programming and this is followed by the final implementation and the maintenance of the
system. The steps have been described below:
Analysis of the system:
This is the phase of the project which is associated with comparing the proposed solution
with the ones which are already existing. This comparison helps in understanding the changes
that are required so as to achieve success (Pasandideh and Sharifi 2016). The outcomes of this
phase is associated with putting forward of the requirements of the system.
Designing of the system:
This is the phase which is associated with collection of all the requirements of the system
so as to move forward towards designing the new system. The system designing is generally
associated with involving the making of designs of the user interface, the data inputs and outputs,
the database needed and the reporting (Masrom and Rahimly 2015). All this are analyzed and
documented in the design document which is initially associated with representing all the
requirements of the system which would be provided to the programmer.
Programming:
This is the phase which includes the beginning of the practical work and in this phase the
programmer is associated with the coding the system requirements by making use of the system

13INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
design which would be acting as the guide (Xie, Yang and Yang 2018). The ultimate result
which is obtained is the first implementation of the system however it is very important to test
the entire system before it is fully implemented.
Testing:
This phase is associated with including the testing and it is generally done in two ways.
Firstly comes the unit test which is associated with including the testing of the individual parts
(Ismail, Abdullah and Shamsuddin 2015). This is followed by the integrated testing which is
associated with including the testing of the entire system so as to check if the system is working
in accordance to the requirements of the client or not.
Implementation:
This is the last phase which is associated with including the deployment of the system
after the system is tested properly (Zhang et al. 2015). The phase when completed would be
associated with enhancing the performance of the entire organization.
Major assumptions:
The project of developing the new information system is to be conducted in which the
following assumptions have been made:
1. The management of the hospital along with the ones associated with the hospital are
having the will of improving all the operations of the business and this is to be done by
incorporation of the information system which has been proposed.
2. The Entire Higher Level Management would be responsible for making sure of the fact
that the availability of the project team along with the employees of the organization are
available whenever they are required.

14INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
3. The stakeholders along with the project team members are associated with adhering the
communication plan which has been proposed throughout the entire project.
4. The project plan might be changed in accordance to the availability of the new
information as well as the requirement of the project.
5. Making sure of the fact that all the requirements of the project are readily available
Project Constraints:
Below are listed some of the major constraints of the project:
 The funding for the project is limited.
 Dependent upon the availability of the resources as well as government policies
Cost of the Requirements:
Cost Benefit Analysis for Hospital Information System
Hardware $ 350,000.00
Software $ 125,000.00
Development Costs $ 225,000.00
Other Costs $ 50,000.00
Total Development Cost $ 750,000.00
Maintenance $ 85,000.00
Changes $ 2,500.00
Operational Labor $ 2,500.00
Total Maintenance Cost $ 90,000.00

15INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Approximate salary savings $ 100,000.00
Cost Reduction $ 218,000.00
Total Benefit $ 318,000.00
Project Schedule:
WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish
0 Development of Hospital Information
System 164 days Mon 5/27/19 Thu 1/9/20
1 Initiation of the Project 20 days Mon 5/27/19 Fri 6/21/19
1.1 Requirements Gathering and Analysis 5 days Mon 5/27/19 Fri 5/31/19
1.2 Discussion Regarding the New Information
System 5 days Mon 6/3/19 Fri 6/7/19
1.3 Agree on Features Needed for the Hospital 5 days Mon 6/10/19 Fri 6/14/19
1.4 Decide on the Design and Development of
Hospital Information System 3 days Mon 6/17/19 Wed 6/19/19
1.5 Project Approval 2 days Thu 6/20/19 Fri 6/21/19
2 Planning and Preparation of Project 25 days Mon 6/24/19 Fri 7/26/19
2.1 Identify and Specify Scope for the Project 4 days Mon 6/24/19 Thu 6/27/19
2.2 Develop Project Charter 5 days Fri 6/28/19 Thu 7/4/19
2.3 Create Project Schedule Using Gantt Chart 2 days Fri 7/5/19 Mon 7/8/19
2.4 Estimate Budget Required for the Project 3 days Tue 7/9/19 Thu 7/11/19
2.5 Finalize the Schedule and Budget for the
Project 4 days Fri 7/12/19 Wed 7/17/19
2.6 Procure Budget and Resources 3 days Thu 7/18/19 Mon 7/22/19
2.7 Allocation of Duties to Team 2 days Tue 7/23/19 Wed 7/24/19
2.8 Proceed to Project 2 days Thu 7/25/19 Fri 7/26/19
3 Project Execution Phase 103 days Mon 7/29/19 Wed 12/18/19
3.1 Hire Developer Team 5 days Mon 7/29/19 Fri 8/2/19
3.2 Create System Prototype 20 days Mon 8/5/19 Fri 8/30/19
3.3 Addition of Proposed Features 10 days Mon 9/2/19 Fri 9/13/19

16INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
3.4 Testing of the System Prototype 5 days Mon 9/16/19 Fri 9/20/19
3.5 Proceed to Develop Final Version 20 days Mon 9/23/19 Fri 10/18/19
3.6 Add Coding and Programming 15 days Mon 10/21/19 Fri 11/8/19
3.7 Detailed Testing of the System 15 days Mon 11/11/19 Fri 11/29/19
3.8 Assess Risks Associated with the System 5 days Mon 12/2/19 Fri 12/6/19
3.9 Take Risk Management Measures 6 days Mon 12/9/19 Mon 12/16/19
3.10 Go Live and Handover 2 days Tue 12/17/19 Wed 12/18/19
4 Project Closing Phase 16 days Thu 12/19/19 Thu 1/9/20
4.1 Review and Appraisal 4 days Thu 12/19/19 Tue 12/24/19
4.2 Documentation of the Entire Project 10 days Wed 12/25/19 Tue 1/7/20
4.3 Stakeholder and Project Manager Sign Off 2 days Wed 1/8/20 Thu 1/9/20
4.4 Project Closing 0 days Thu 1/9/20 Thu 1/9/20
Project resources and their roles:
Name Designation Role
Mr. A Project Manager / Hospital-in-
Charge
Management and control of the
project
Mr. B Project Supervisor Supervision, guidance and
monitoring of the project
- Doctors Suggestion of features for the
Hospital Information System
(HIS)
- System Developers Development of HIS
- System Testers Testing of HIS post
development
- Patients Feedback regarding proposed
features of HIS

17INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
Conclusion:
From the above analysis it can be concluded that the project involving the development
of the information system for the Hospital is associated with the usage of the prototyping
approach. The deployment of the information system would be associated with allowing the
customization of the database in accordance to the needs of the hospital. The deployment would
also be helping the hospital to operate with outmost efficiency so as achieve success in each of
its operations. The health information system after deployment would be associated with
including all those systems which are associated with handling of the data that are related to the
activities of the providers and the health organization. In terms of the integrated effort the health
information system might be associated with leveraging the improvements in the outcomes of the
patients along with having informed research, influenced policy making and decision making
and the reason behind this is that the health information systems would commonly be associated
with accessing, processing and maintaining of the large volume of sensitive data.

18INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
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adoption: Expert perspectives on an adoption framework for Malaysian public
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Beglaryan, M., Petrosyan, V. and Bunker, E., 2017. Development of a tripolar model of
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medical informatics, 102, pp.50-61.
Binobaid, S., Almeziny, M. and Fan, I.S., 2017. Using an integrated information system to
reduce interruptions and the number of non-relevant contacts in the inpatient pharmacy at tertiary
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19INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR HOSPITAL
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(HIS) in Malaysian Public Hospitals (Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn
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