Information Systems and Big Data Analysis

This report discusses big data and its characteristics, challenges of big data analytics, techniques to analyze big data, and how big data technology supports businesses with examples. It also covers the role of information systems in managing and processing data. The report is relevant for students studying courses related to data analysis, information systems, and business management.

Information Systems and Big
Data Analysis

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
What big data is and the characteristics of big data....................................................................1
Challenges of big data analytic...................................................................................................2
The techniques that are currently available to analyses big data ...............................................3
How Big Data technology could support business, an explanation with examples ...................3
Poster ..........................................................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
References:.......................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
The web connectivity allows to exchange data as internet is network of devices. The Big
data is about files and folders of organisation with high volume. The use of information system is
for having interaction with customers, to perform business activities and management of
organisation. In reference to information and networking of hardware & software information
system is study of academic systems that company uses for collecting, processing and storing
data. The conception of big data is related to managing of huge & complex data sets of
organisation as the traditional process of application software were incapable in managing and
processing data within reasonable amount of time (Dubey, R and et.al., 2018). The business
activity is improved and to customer better services are provided by use of big data which leads
to gain in firm revenue. In the report there is discussion of big data with its characteristics,
challenges and techniques that organisation have. Moreover, it covers in what way big data
technology sup[ports business to have better decision making.
Big data and its characteristics
The big data deals with large or complex data sets that can be utilized for predictive and
person analytic behaviour. In the subject of big data, information is analysed and extracted. On
the basis of structured, semi-structured and unstructured the big data is classified and it is usage
of advance analytic techniques. The structured data is in form of fixed format which can store,
accessed and process any data. The unstructured data is any data with unknown form which
faces multiple challenges at time of its processing to derive value for it (Hofmann, E. and
Rutschmann, E., 2018). Semi-structured data is present in both types of data. For example, table
definition in relation is seen in structured manner but not defined. DBMS. It mostly pertain the
collection of huge data which is too complex that can not be interpret with traditional data
management sets.
The following are the characteristics of big data- Volume- It is accompanying with ample size that generates from various regular sources
such as machines, social media, human interactions, networks etc. the big data
technologies help in handling large amount of data. Velocity- The development of big data is quick because it is tied to the pace with which
data is created in real time, which includes information sets, rate of change, and activity
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bursts. Data is flowing from a variety of sources, including application logs, social
networking sites, and mobile devices. Variety- From different sources there is collection of data that can be structured,
unstructured and semi-structured. In Earlier times, the data was collected from
spreadsheets and databases. In present, now data is start coming in array forms which is
essential for storage and analysis data such as PDFs, Emails, Photos etc. Veracity- This relates to the reliability and trustworthiness of data, which can be
translated in a variety of ways. It entails the process of effectively managing and handling
data, which is critical for the growth of company (Lai, Y and et.al., 2018).
 Value- For storing, analysing and processing data it is essential feature for big data that is
reliable and valuable. The company can have loss of financial revenue because of poor
quality data sets. The useful data is retrieve by cleaning data sets and there is conversion
of raw data into information.
Challenges of big data analytic
The company is benefited in enhancing business decision by data analysis as the large
amount of data is generated from business transaction. In handling large amount of data the
company face some challenges which is given below-
 Lack of proper understanding of big data- This is a problem for the company since
employees don't comprehend data, how it's stored, processed, and how important it is.
Therefore, they may not be able to keep critical data backups. The database is not used
correctly for storage, resulting in data that is difficult to retrieve. The corporation can
organise workshops, training, and seminar programmes to address such a difficulty by
ensuring that all levels of the organisation comprehend and handle data. (Lee, M and
et.al., 2019).
 Data growth issues- It's difficult to store large amounts of data in an efficient manner.
The amount of data stored in enterprise data centres and databases is continually
expanding. Companies use current approaches to handle massive data collections, such as
de-duplication and compression. De-duplication removes undesirable and duplicate data
from data collections. Compression reduces the number of bits in data, resulting in a
smaller overall file size.
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 Lack of professionals- To run new technologies and big data tools, the organisation
needs skilled data experts, such as data scientists, data analysts, and engineers, who have
been trained to work with tools and handle large data sets. Because of the rapid evolution
of data handling tools, the organisation faces a shortage of data specialists. The
corporation can acquire experienced professionals to manage the difficulty by investing
additional money.
Techniques to analyses big data
There are several techniques with the increase of data generation that needs to manage
data and becomes more insightful in its speed, scale, depth. In analysing big data several
techniques are used which is mentioned below-
 A/B testing- With two variants it is controlled experiment which is measured till
statistically significant findings are made. To recognise changes it involves comparisons
of control groups with variety of test groups for improving an given objective variable. If
group are of large size it helps in testing huge numbers (Liu, X., Shin, H. and Burns,
A.C., 2021).
 Machine learning- The data is analysed by working with computer algorithms to
produce data assumptions and it is field of artificial intelligence. The prediction is given
which is impracticable for human analysts. The machine learning make data-driven
prediction by pursuing program instructions strictly.
 Data mining- It is common tool in the big data analytic and technique for extracting
patterns from big data sets by compounding methods from statistics and machine learning
with database management. By demonstrating relationship between data sets, systems
and process the relevant information is delivered.
How Big Data technology support business, with examples
Big data plays a significant role in corporate organisations by providing useful data and
insights about target audiences and customer preferences. The right data must be properly
analysed and presented in order to meet the business organization's goals. Big data technology is
a fantastic way to provide businesses with a fresh perspective on information that can be used in
the most effective way possible. (Nica, E., 2021).
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 Better decision making- The big data furnish tool to make smart decisions based on data
not on assessment in business. To improve decision making the company is required to
access data so that user can explore and interrogate data for answering business question.
Walmart can be taken as example which offers people access of data in controlled way.
 Boosting customer acquisition and retention- In the company the customers are
considered as valuable assets by taking use of big data they observe consumer related
patterns and requirements. By collecting more data, the company is able to uncover more
patterns and trends. Consumer data may be easily obtained using modern technologies in
order to implement a big data strategy and maintain a customer base. By understanding
consumer insights, the company is able to meet the needs of customers. Coca-Cola can be
an example which manges to strength data strategy by developing digital led-loyalty
program (Niebel, T., Rasel, F. and Viete, S., 2019).
 Solves advertising problems and offers marketing insights- The business operations
change by use of big data as customer expectations are matched with the change in
product line and ensures powerful marketing campaigns. By tracking online activity,
monitoring point of sale transactions, and ensuring changes in customer desires and
requirements, a well-informed analysis is created in the marketing and advertising
business. The business money is saved and ensures efficiency which helps in targeted and
personalized campaign. Netflix can be an example that take use of big data analytics to
target advertising.
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Poster
CONCLUSION
From the above it can be concluded that for the business organisation the big data and
information system is an crucial concept that helps in validating information. The unique
movement has been produced with the availability of hardware & software and new information
system in the history of data analysis that also helps in establishing quick data sets. With
accuracy and validity of data organisation can make evalautrion on data insights. For the major
sections it is an driving force such as marketing, sales and research, business etc that change on
the bases of customer and product strategies of companies worldwide. In making analysis and
decision making for organisation the charcaterstics are useful of big data.
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References:
Books and Journals
Dubey, R and et.al., 2018. Big data analytics capability in supply chain agility: The moderating
effect of organizational flexibility. Management Decision.
Hofmann, E. and Rutschmann, E., 2018. Big data analytics and demand forecasting in supply
chains: a conceptual analysis. The International Journal of Logistics Management.
Lai, Y and et.al., 2018. Understanding the determinants of big data analytics (BDA) adoption in
logistics and supply chain management: An empirical investigation. The International
Journal of Logistics Management.
Lee, M and et.al., 2019. Multisensory experience for enhancing hotel guest experience:
Empirical evidence from big data analytics. International Journal of Contemporary
Hospitality Management.
Liu, X., Shin, H. and Burns, A.C., 2021. Examining the impact of luxury brand's social media
marketing on customer engagement: Using big data analytics and natural language
processing. Journal of Business Research, 125. pp.815-826.
Nica, E., 2021. Urban Big Data analytics and sustainable governance networks in integrated
smart city planning and management. Geopolitics, History, and International
Relations, 13(2). pp.93-106.
Niebel, T., Rasel, F. and Viete, S., 2019. BIG data–BIG gains? Understanding the link between
big data analytics and innovation. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 28(3).
pp.296-316.
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