Information Systems and IT Solution: Theories, Methods, and Techniques for Design and Development

This report discusses the theories, methods, and techniques for designing and developing IT solutions such as McAfee, Moodle, Canvas, and MS Office. It also covers the explanation of different support systems, the impact of IT on globalization, risks associated with information systems outsourcing, and the criticality of IT infrastructure in digital transformation.

BSc (Hons) Business Management
Cohort 2
BMP4005
Information Systems and Big Data
Analysis
Information Systems & IT Solution
2019/2020
February 2020/Semester 1
Submitted by:
Name:
ID:
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Contents
Introduction 3
Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to
the design and development for TWO of the IT solutions
listed here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii) Canvas; (iv) MS
Office 3
Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant
examples 4
Task 3: Globalisation and the effects of IT on globalisation
5
Task 4: Definition, example, advantages and
disadvantages of digital infrastructure 6
Task 5: Risks associated with information systems
outsourcing and why is IT infrastructure so critical to
digital transformation! 7
Conclusion 8
References 9
2

Introduction
An information system considered as the collection coordinated network of
components which helps in actively together towards producing, distributing and
processing data and information. It is a regular of mechanisms that includes
gathering, packing and handling data and for furnish the material, psychological
feature and digital products. The information system hardware includes following
examples such as computer, tablets, mobile phones, disk drives and many more. In
these report different theories, techniques and methods which helps in designing and
developing the information technology solution are explained. Explanation of the
different support system such as result support system, executive support system,
transaction processing system, management information system and knowledge
management system. It also include digital infrastructure definition, its advantages
and disadvantages. it has also been explained about the globalization and the effect
of Informational Technology on globalization. The different Threats linked with
information systems subcontracting and Why is IT setup so critical to numerical
change are thoroughly included in this report(Zhang and Ming, 2021).
.
Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to the design and
development for TWO of the IT solutions listed here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle;
(iii) Canvas; (iv) MS Office
(i) McAfee
McAfee software that works protect computer from the viruses and malware
that enter into the computer system. It helps in blocking the viruses which cause
damage to to the software. In order to protect the computers from the different
viruses such as straight stroke virus, polymorphic bug, file infector virus, multiparty
virus and macro virus McAfee antivirus software helps in updating the catalogue with
the benefit of programmed web flatterer that image the internet also determine the
malicious software in the categories of name, type and destructive capability. The
software helps not only detecting the malware but also it can delete the cruel
software. There are different modes available in the McAfee such as normal
scanning mode and automatic scanning mode. The normal mode helps in detecting
and destroying the antivirus by manual scanning of the computer on the other hand
automatic scanning mode helps in detecting the viruses and other malware
automatically and also kill them. The benefits of this software is that it prevent a virus
damaging the computer or network. It helps in protecting the valuable information
and data present in the computer. McAfee helps in boosting the computer firewall.
(ii) MS Office
Microsoft is considered as a tool used in the different business world due to
large range of computer solution. Microsoft helps in running the business globally,
helps in generating the solution and make discoveries.
MS office is used globally by the businesses. Different types of tools are considered
in the Microsoft office such a Microsoft word which is used for typing the words,
excel is used for the calculation of tables and statistic data, power point helps in
displaying the creative business work to the client. MS office is very popular in
business environment. It analyses the office work and assist specific business tasks
and improve the productivity of work. It carries out different interesting and beneficial
features which are important to have in the present world of digital. The current
software is available in more than 35 idioms.
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Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant examples
DSS (Decision Support System)
A decision support system (DSS) is automatic presentation used guide
resolves, rulings, and different actions in enterprises a commercial. A DSS selects
thru and examines great measures of statistics, collecting complete statistics that
may be jumble-sale to remedy troubles and in selection-making. It is used to
enhance the decisions underlined by the enterprises. It is a computer presentation
used to improve the decisions made by the company. The main task of this system is
to analyses the company’s considerable amount of data and helps them choose an
effective database for an organization. brings together all the data from different
areas to offer users effective information. this is done in order to make effective
decisions It is basically an information application that makes available to users.
The example relevant to this system is the GPS application that helps users to
navigate and find various routes assuming different component like time, distance
and cost (Leso and Cortimiglia, 2021).
ESS (Executive Support System)
It a software includes the decision-making material organization it allow the
users in converting the data of organizations into useful summarized report. it is
generally used by the managers which are at executive level for the rapid access to
reporting that arises from different companies and department level. The software
and its outcomes depend upon the developer of this software and it is having
intended industry use. It helps in solving the complex problems and summarize the
data. The software is capable of both internal and external data. It helps in analyzing
various scenarios such as trend analysis, scenario analysis and many more. The
workings of the following decision-making support system are hardware, software,
user border and wire (Sayyadi Tooranloo and Saghafi, 2021).
TPS (Transaction Processing System)
In order to collect, supplies, amends and saves the statistics communications of a
company, business handling system which type of information system is considered.
It allow to maintain the record and performance of daily transactions which is
necessary to conduct the activities of the enterprises. It involves modification,
collection and recovery all the necessary data which is related to transactions. It is
the real time processing such as Automatic transaction machines where all the
transactions are recorded and changed at the time of occurrences. Different features
of TPS are given as -
 rapid response- the main feature of this system is that it provide quick
performance with rapid results.
 Reliability- it has very low failure rate and an organization can rely on it
because of well-designed backup and recovery system.
 Inflexibility- this means it can be used many times in each day as it is precise
and inflexible.
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MIS (Management Information System)
Management information system is defined as the system that provide
managers with data and based on effective decision making and helps in providing
feedback on regular operations. For the accumulation of transaction processing data,
different output or reports are established through it. Every organization info system
is an combined gathering of subsystems, which are characteristically prepared along
functional lines within an enterprises. MIS allow report with saturated and standard
format such as soft copy and hard copy report. It uses internal data of the computer
(Elgendy, 2021).
.
KSM (Knowledge Management System)
the system castoff by different business to easily convert the complex
document into the easily reachable format for both exterior and interior consumers. It
enables the organizations to help the purchasers in locating out their very own
solutions and to preserve the documentation method up to date. It is essentially a
system utilized by the personnel and clients to share, create and discover the
associated facts as speedy as possible. An instance associated with this system is
to organizing the worker on boarding device which can offer extensive expertise to
new personnel approximately the operating tradition of the company (Majer, Mathew
and Kur, 2021).
Task 3: Globalization and the effects of IT on globalization
It defined as the procedure through which idea, information, things and
services distributed all over the domain. According to the corporate, the word is cast-
off in an financial setting that describes combined economies marked by free trade. It
the process of fast economic, cultural and organizational integration among the
nations. It allow business to search low cost way to manufacture goods. It increases
the overall global competitions, which creates decrease in the prices and create a
large variety of selection for consumers. Globalization helps enterprises to search
new specialized talent which is not present in their circulating market. Due to
globalization, developing nation can live high standard of life.
Effect of information technology on globalization are-
Rise of the personal computer- due to the rises in the PC based on
windows, popularized personal computing, eliminated another importance barrier
that was restricting globalization. The computer allows to share the information with
places all around the world. the people uses PC fax machine and dial up modems
combined together creates a new platform that started a global information
revolution. This gives the individual both reach and scale, and they can share the
information through different ways to many people all around the globe(Al-Hattami
and Kabra, 2022).
 .
 Invention of world wide web-one of the greatest term in progressing the
globalization is world wide web. Before this, internet connected the world but
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after the introduction of world wide web individuals are now connect globally
and share the content through the world.
 Fiber-Optic Cables – The major fiber-optic cable device became applied in
1977,fabricated from natural glass organized in bundles that might be used to
hold digitized packets of information. sign capability than different styles of
transmission cables.
 Creation of Work Flow Software – One of the primary principal records
technology’s that turned into geared to agencies turned into the introduction of
labor go with the drift software program with inside the mid1990’s. Work go
with the drift software program is largely a software program bundle that
automates commercial enterprise strategies in addition to being capable of by
skip along “workflows” which include documents, records, tasks, etc…from
one worker to another. When paintings go with the drift software program
turned into first adopted, it enabled personnel in exceptional places with inside
the identical business enterprise to collaborate, control and layout commercial
enterprise statistics that had formerly needed to be handled manually.
Task 4: Definition, example, advantages and disadvantages of digital
infrastructure
It is typically represents bodily property required to function technology
including virtual communication, computing or information storage. The word
“infrastructure” implies number one significance with inside the operation of an
corporation which could variety from modest to planetary. For instance, the virtual
infrastructure of a small organization typically realize a shelf or facility with some
servers, a few cables going for walks inside and outside the buildings, special
machines or terminals and portions of software program which can be used to run
the business. At the worldwide level, inter-continental submarine cables and fiber
optic backbones also are taken into consideration virtual infrastructures (Li and et.
al., 2021).
Advantages of digital infrastructure
 Agility is likewise riding funding in infrastructure era and methods that aid the
short transport of latest capabilities. Continuous Delivery and DevOps are
right examples of virtual paintings methods that concentrate on velocity to fee
but call for a corresponding Digital Infrastructure that can provision, set up
and manipulate offerings at will. The enterprise requirement for nearly
immediately reaction brings an inevitable motion in the direction of
Mechanization as a important subject inside it.
 Automation brings 3 important advantages with inside geographical regions of
price, dependability and velocity. the previous is taken for decided, focal point
on velocity and dependability is regularly flouted. In the brand fresh Digital
panorama that's ruled through patron enjoy those advantages now come to
the fore.
Disadvantages of digital infrastructure
 Complexity- We no lengthier know how the plans and machineries we
interrelate with on a daily basis effort. Today, repairing a contemporary car
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means interacting with a processor; It's not just powered anymore. When
using a phone, there are all sorts of complicated settings to be made. Minor
disruptions to laptop operation can cost time and money.
 Dependence on cell handsets, processors and other ordinal devices has
develop commonplace. Numerous individuals have all of their communication
info, photos, transcripts, and other personal information on their phones. If
they lose them, or if the device discontinuities or turns out of power, then
they're in trouble (Jiang and Ai, 2021).
Task 5: Risks associated with information systems outsourcing and why is IT
infrastructure so critical to digital transformation!
Risks associated with information systems outsourcing
 Inexperienced Staff-One of the dangers of subcontracting facts structures hiring
green personnel to manipulate the procedures involved. By hiring an inner team,
you could behavior interviews and get references from all participants, however
this technique is handiest powerful if you could affirm the enjoy of the brand new
hire. Information device outsourcing manner which you don’t have a whole lot
information (if any) approximately the participants of the control facts device.
Instead, it's far critical to affirm the information and enjoy of the outsourcing
provider.
 Hidden cost-When the fee discount is at the back of the outsourcing statistics
system, normally and long-time period fee financial savings and early coins glide
advantages are promised. Of course, cutting-edge fees may be as compared to
dealer fees and gaining knowledge of curves may be constructed in destiny fee
plans.er.
 Loss of Control- When a organization transfers duty for the improvement and
strolling its records gadget to every other organization, it can lose manipulate of
the capabilities of this records gadget.
Why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation!
It allows you to higher have interaction customers, run your center enterprise
greater successfully and input new markets via new methods and merchandise in
addition to information analytics. The very last implementation and final results will range
primarily based totally for your enterprise and enterprise, of course, however the relevant
concept stays the same: Leveraging information will become a relevant detail on your
enterprise's center strategy. At a excessive level, IT infrastructure transformation is all
approximately turning into higher and extra green at allocating finances and sources to
new initiatives and markets, and making the value of handling every day infrastructure
simpler and cheaper. And even as it addresses the overall variety of infrastructure
components, this newsletter predominately specializes in records garage technologies.
Conclusion
From the above text, it has been concluded that information system is an
combined fixed of mechanisms for gathering, storage and handling statistics and bringing
info, understanding and digital products. Different theories, techniques and methods
which help in designing and developing the information technology solution are
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explained. Explanation of the different support system such as DSS, ESS , TPS, MIS and
KMS. It has also been concluded different types of threat in IS.
References
Zhang, X. and Ming, X., 2021. An implementation for Smart Manufacturing Information
System (SMIS) from an industrial practice survey. Computers & Industrial
Engineering, 151, p.106938.
Leso, B.H. and Cortimiglia, M.N., 2021. The influence of user involvement in information
system adoption: an extension of TAM. Cognition, Technology & Work, pp.1-17.
Elgendy, A., 2021. The mediating effect of big data analysis on the process orientation
and information system software to improve supply chain process in Saudi
Arabian industrial organizations. International Journal of Data and Network
Science, 5(2), pp.135-142.
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Al-Hattami, H.M. and Kabra, J.D., 2022. The influence of accounting information system
on management control effectiveness: The perspective of SMEs in
Yemen. Information Development, p.02666669221087184.
Jiang, P. and Ai, Q., 2021, December. Design of college student employment network
service information system based on computer technology. In ICMLCA 2021;
2nd International Conference on Machine Learning and Computer
Application (pp. 1-4). VDE.
Sayyadi Tooranloo, H. and Saghafi, S., 2021. Assessing the risk of hospital information
system implementation using IVIF FMEA approach. International Journal of
Healthcare Management, 14(3), pp.676-689.
Li, and et. al., 2021. Attribute selection for heterogeneous data based on information
entropy. International Journal of General Systems, 50(5), pp.548-566.
Majer, C.G., Mathew, A.B. and Kur, L.D., 2021. The roles and Adaptation of Integrated
Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) Free Balance on public
finance management and service delivery in South Sudan. International Journal
of Science and Business, 5(8), pp.89-106.
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