Information Systems and IT Solution: Design, Development, and Globalization

This report discusses the design, development, and globalization of information systems and IT solutions, including theories, methods, and techniques related to McAfee, Moodle, Canvas, and MS Office. It also covers digital infrastructure, risks associated with information systems outsourcing, and the criticality of IT infrastructure to digital transformation.

BSc (Hons) Business Management
Cohort 2
BMP4005
Information Systems and Big Data
Analysis
Information Systems & IT Solution
2019/2020
February 2020/Semester 1
Submitted by:
Name:
ID:
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Contents
Introduction p
Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to
the design and development for TWO of the IT solutions
listed here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii) Canvas; (iv) MS
Office p
Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant
examples p
Task 3: Globalisation and the effects of IT on globalisation
p
Task 4: Definition, example, advantages and
disadvantages of digital infrastructure p
Task 5: Risks associated with information systems
outsourcing and why is IT infrastructure so critical to
digital transformation! P
Conclusion p
References p
Introduction
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In business, nowadays organization are focusing towards uses of the information
system that help them to take right decisions. In present scenarios of the business
environment, organization need to adopt the information system and other IT solutions that
help them to record and maintain all relevant information for taking right decision when
appropriate. Every organization should uses all information system effectively so that they
can take business decision at all level (Acharya and et. al., 2018). Company chosen in this
report is Tesco, which is a UK based organization and operating their business across the
globe. Tesco also using the information system in order to store and use the information
through IT solutions. In this report, there will be a discussion on the techniques and methods
of IT solution. This report will also include the globalization and digital infrastructure in
organization.
Task 1: Theories, methods and techniques which relate to
the design and development for TWO of the IT solutions
listed here: (i) McAfee; (ii) Moodle; (iii) Canvas; (iv) MS
Office
In this modern business environment, use of technology is increasing by day to day as
it provide several advantages to the business organization. Therefore, various IT solution are
developed that help business by making their practices easier. Certain of these IT solutions
are mentioned below:
MS office- It refers to bouquet of the application that offer a wide range of the services as per
the organizational needs. It drive the productivity at workplace that make it a leading
platform. It is designed to support every sector and field in environment (Baldwin, 2019).
MS Office is a universal software as it is used by all the organization at their workplace. This
technique is utilized in different filed such as cost saving, collaborative work, competition,
system security and financial management. MS software is upgraded timely that make enable
it to provide various benefits to business organization. It include the MS power point, MS
words, MS excel and many more.
Moodle- This is a free software which is used with the purpose to promote the e learning.
Moodle is a learning management system that help educators by providing a platform where
people become able to present their course structure and curriculum. This technology
facilitate an interaction between the students and their tutors online. Moodle is acronym of
the Modular Object- Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment. This system was developed
by the Martin Dougiamas who has an agenda of the online education and e learning. This
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technology is designed for the organization as well as educational institution. important uses
of the Moodle include compliance and competency on the basis training, workplace safety,
hiring and interview process, training, online course development, on boarding, launch of the
new product and services and many more (Brinch, 2018). Thus IT solution has become very
popular after the pandemic where physical contacts were restricted.
Task 2: Explanation of the systems below with relevant
examples
DSS (Decision Support System)
This is a computer based system which is utilized with the purpose to support
judgment, determination and course of the action in a business. DSS is used with the aim of
mid and high level management (Champagne, 2021). This system analyses company's
unstructured data and solve their problems and the decision making process. It collect and
analyze the data to produce a detailed information that help in decision making. DSS is very
unique from other normal application as the normal application only collect the data by this
system is used with the purpose to analyses data. GPS route planning is an example of the
DSS.
ESS (Executive Support System)
This software allow its users to transfer data into an executive level report which is
used by billing, staffing and accounting departments (Farrell and Newman, 2020). ESS
enhance the effeteness of decision making process which means executives of the Tesco are
efficient to take better decision. It also help in analyzing data in a systematic manner and
also useful in the future forecast. This technology save the valuable time of company in the
process of determining critical data. ESS assist in improving the personal efficiency, increase
organizational control, competitive advantages sand many more. For instance, Tesco has ESS
that support its investment planning process.
TPS (Transaction Processing System)
It is acronym of the transaction processing system and it is utilized by the
organization with the purpose of business transaction which include retrieve, modification
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and collection (Kumari and et. al., 2018). Main feature of the TPS is consistency, reliability
and performance. This information system reduce time which was taken in the transactional
process. Through this technique, result can be accessible as there is not delay in this process.
This services help to reduce the errors and other faults. It is also call as real time processing.
Sales order entry, Payroll, employee record keeping and shipping are example of the TPS.
MIS (Management Information System)
This system is defined as study of the organization, technology, people and their
relationship. Professionals of the MIS help Tesco to gain a maximum advantages from their
investment which is made by them. Investment include the business process, equipment and
personnel. MIS is a set of the system which is mainly concerned for collecting data fro
different sources. It ensure its compile and arrange their data in understandable and
presentable manner. It is identified that manger of Tesco sue the MIS to form reports and take
decision accordingly. It is analyzed by the business organization that Management
Information System is based on technology as company uses this software for keeping their
transactional records.
KSM (Knowledge Management System)
This system refers to a tool that is used bu business in order to arrange their
documentation in accessible format for both the internal and external customers (Lai, Sun and
Ren, 2018). KSM help company to keep their documentation up to date and also help the
customers to find out their answer. Knowledge Management System is useful for both small
and global business. It is important for business that they should have adopt this system at
their workplaces as it provide the information to their customers that is used by them in their
decision making process. Thus, it is analyzed that customers have suffer from many obstacle
when they are choosing an organization to satisfy their needs and requirements. But if
company have this system or technology then it is easy for the customers and also for the
organization as they become able to know about customer's wants and needs.
Task 3: Globalisation and the effects of IT on globalisation
The term Globalization” indicates opening of the national and local perspective
related to trade and the other relations. In this modern business era, it is analyzed that mostly
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organization are concerned towards globalize their enterprise as they know that this method
is very effective for the success and growth of their business. It enhance a customer base for
the business and also reduce possibilities of business failure. The globalization include flow
of the goods and services across nation's border, flow of the capital form one nation to
another nation and many more (Schwab, 2021). It is determine that the globalization
provides a affirmative as well as adverse impact on an organization and individual life.
Integration includes the political, cultural and educational aspects. It is unlimited to all these
aspects as it is a wide scope. It also defined as relinquish of the trade barriers that result in an
uninhibited economic development that impact and organization and well as individual. It is
significant for the organization that they try to establish their business into global market in
order to accomplish their objectives and goals. Therefore, it is essential to include
information system in business as it provide various benefits on the globalization. It can
become understandable and clear with following points,
 Information technology impact the globalization in a direct and indirect way. In
former time, it is analyzed that people of different nation were communicated through
telegraph and telephone. But it was a time consuming process and often people could
not get actual knowledge or information.
 Globalization indicates sharing of the goods and services in various countries or
nation. This process require collaboration and communication that can be possible
only when external coordination are in the contacts. It show that the globalization
need an IT solution as it help people to connect easily with each other. For instance,
Tesco is a UK based firm that sell its products and services in other nation also like
USA. Therefore, it is analyzed that USA need more product from Tesco but this
country is not able to connect with Tesco. In his situation, IT is effective and best
solution that can be utilized by the USA government authority with the purpose to
order goods form Tesco.
 IT is most essential driving force of the globalization. For instance by using world
wide web, barriers of time and place can be reduce in business dealings that Oslo
affect the investment of an organization ( Varatharajan, Manogaran and Priyan, 2018).
 IT increases threat of the cyber attack due to which big companies are always in
danger that their essential and confidential information should be leak.
 Information technology provide several advantages and solution to the business
organization in globalization. It minimize cost of the transportation and
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communication. For instance, social media is an essential method which is used to
communicate with people across borers.
Task 4: Definition, example, advantages and
disadvantages of digital infrastructure
Digital infrastructure can be understood as the digital technology which is base of
business information as well as technology. It is useful for businesses that they should
generate digital infrastructure as it become requirement, together with trend in the place of
market (Wang and et. al., 2018). In the present era of digital world, companies should
contain the digital tools with an intent to make the organization successful. Following are
some merits and demerits of digital infrastructure.
Advantages
 Digital infrastructure lets companies to adopt new technologies that will help them in
gaining competitive benefits.
 It create a connection between people and places which creates a chance of
genreta9ing income and trade sales.
 It enhances sustainability, along with productivity in the business which is useful for
the brand recognition.
Disadvantages
 It required broad storage space for keeping the information of business. Due to that
cause company necessitates to purchase cloud computing which is cost ineffective.
 It boost the threat of cyber attack which enable company to exploit more digital
technologies in their business. Therefore, it is a threat of leaking confidential data.
Task 5: Risks associated with information systems
outsourcing and why is IT infrastructure so critical to
digital transformation!
Risks associated with information systems outsourcing
Information system outsourcing involves several risks so it is necessary for
organization to acknowledge such risks. Underneath are some risks mentioned:
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 For an organization, it is easy to focus on benefits of the outsourcing, without
considering impact it have on their business as whole. If company plan on the
outsourcing, they need to take steps to ensure that it does not contain any negative
impact on the organizational culture. Companies asses that information system
outsourcing are not useful for them. It becomes harmful if companies are outsourcing
their information system (Woods, 2022).
 Loss of control is another major risk connected with the information system
outsourcing. It is seen that business organizations losses their control over way of
technologies. It is sensitive for company to analyses the efficacious exploration of
outsources information system as a it tend to a threat of losing control.
 It is acknowledging that information system outsourcing leads to unqualified
employees. Hence, there is as potential risk of hiring unqualified and unskilled
employees. This becomes harmful for the company and will become able to
accomplish the objectives and goals.
 The next risk hidden cost connected with information system outsourcing. It is
observed that business entities are not encompassing cost such as relocation cost, re
deployment cost as well as handover and parallel operational cost.
 Despite all benefits of the outsourcing, it is only good thing if company is receiving
quality they expect. Otherwise anything less than it will be a very big disappointment.
It is not to say company can not successful outsource specific task, but they need to
discuss an expected quality upfront.
All the above mentioned risks should be overlooked by the business companies while making
decision of outsourcing information system. In this process, it is important to ensure that the
hidden cost must be identified by the organization.
Why is IT infrastructure so critical to digital transformation!
If business companies wishes to adopt digital technologies in their regular working,
then, it becomes essential for them to possess IT infrastructure within organizational
surroundings. IT infrastructure contains internet solutions and connection that can be
exploited by companies for the aim of digital transformation. It is impossible for companies
to transform their business digitally without IT infrastructure. It is observed by the
companies that IT infrastructure is important for enhanced transformation process. It is base
of entire IT system (Youde, 2019). It is also evaluated that organizations which are not
succeed in their recognition of the essential data center and the network infrastructure will
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become necessary in organizational' agility and risk. It is analyzed that the digital
transformation s difficult for the organsiation as company needs to spend more on the
technology. It make enable them to adopt new technology that help the to transform the
business practices through digitally. For instance, it is essential for the organization that they
install the IT infrastructure that help them to accomplish their set target.
Conclusion
From the above report it is concluded that the information technology are essential for
the business as it help them to take right decision. In this report, there is a discussion about all
essential IT solution for gatherings and analyzing information in efficient manner. It is
significant for business organization sit make their decision making process very easy. The
globalization is increasing day to day that provide great impact on country's economy. The
globalization also provide both the positive and negative impact on the organizational as well
individual. This report also include the digital infrastructure as it support the business to gain
various competitive advantages. Through digital infrastructure, organization are using latest
and innovative technology that help them to enhance their productivity as well as
profitability. But it also increase the possibility of cyber attack in which company may loss
their essential data. Therefore, it is suggested for every organization that they should adopt
the digital technology with a careful concern so that their business can remain up to date
efficiently.
References
Acharya, A. and et. al., 2018. Big data, knowledge co-creation and decision making in
fashion industry. International Journal of Information Management, 42, pp.90-101.
Baldwin, R., 2019. The globotics upheaval: Globalization, robotics, and the future of work.
Oxford University Press.
Brinch, M., 2018. Understanding the value of big data in supply chain management and
its business processes: Towards a conceptual framework. International Journal
of Operations & Production Management.
Champagne, D., 2021. one Remaking Tribal Constitutions: Meeting the Challenges of
Tradition, Colonialism, and Globalization. In American Indian Constitutional
Reform and the Rebuilding of Native Nations (pp. 11-34). University of Texas Press.
Farrell, H. and Newman, A.L., 2020. Chained to Globalization: Why It's Too Late to
Decouple. Foreign Aff., 99, p.70.
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Kumari, A. and et. al., 2018. Multimedia big data computing and Internet of Things
applications: A taxonomy and process model. Journal of Network and Computer
Applications, 124, pp.169-195.
Lai, Y., Sun, H. and Ren, J., 2018. Understanding the determinants of big data analytics
(BDA) adoption in logistics and supply chain management: An empirical
investigation. The International Journal of Logistics Management.
Schwab, K., 2021. Stakeholder capitalism: A global economy that works for progress, people
and planet. John Wiley & Sons.
Varatharajan, R., Manogaran, G. and Priyan, M.K., 2018. A big data classification approach
using LDA with an enhanced SVM method for ECG signals in cloud computing.
Multimedia Tools and Applications, 77(8), pp.10195-10215.
Wang, L. and et. al., 2018. pipsCloud: High performance cloud computing for remote
sensing big data management and processing. Future Generation Computer Systems,
78, pp.353-368.
Woods, M., 2022. Agribusiness towns, globalization and development in rural Australia and
Brazil. In Rural Transformations (pp. 15-31). Routledge.
Youde, J., 2019. Globalization and Health. Rowman & Littlefield.
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