Concept of Information Technology

Information
Technology

Abstract
It is summarise that information technology is broad way of IT sector that conduct
several activities. It is connected with several type of technology and software that helps to
collect data effectively and utilise for the organisation. IT system plays different role in the
company and support for business operation. Company face several social and ethical issues that
impact on the activities but with strategy sort out it. There is applied several technology
according to organisation structure. So it is understand that IT is important part in every
organisation.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION
Information Technology is the use of all computers, memory, communication and other
physiological systems, equipment and procedures to generate, record, maintain, save and transfer
all electronic information data (Nabavi and et.al, 2016). The particular sector mainly deals with
hardware, software, and telecommunications in the transmittal of information and system
facilitate communication. Through data collection analysis raw facts and statistics that are
utilised for reference and storage. To better understand the concept of the information technology
selected company, Direct Line Group, which is an insurance company based in the united
kingdom. It was established in February 2012 by Peter wood and Martin Long. The presented
report consists of the role of IT in the Direct line group in success and failure. Along with
identifying problems regarding to social and ethical activity in the context of intranet and internet
in an insurance company. Additionally, explain assorted phase of the scheme improvement life
cycle in the context of organisation.
Literature Review
1.
The information Technology system defines the use of computers by companies to bring
out a task effectively. In every organisation IT plays crucial role to done different types of
activities such as transaction can be done easier, gather data from different sources, maintain
information through database and software helps to make organization process smoother. There
are defined role in the context of Direct line group -
 Flow of information: According to fundamental assets regarding to company that
consists of insider, outsider, theoretical & practical data. The outsider data consists of
external factors that impact business activities, subjective consist of what is strange,
internal defines inner activities of organisation and objectives deal with information about
what is known. Direct line group required to maintain data of clients that time uses
different types of software and maintain data with updated information. Through, IT
human resources get information at any time and do work in an easy manner (Henseler,
Hubona and Ray, 2016).
 Assist in decision making: An organization must take efficient responsibility choices
and process velocity in the context of accountability. In the context of the Direct line,
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group selects the way of enquiry to collect data from clients. After that, they record data
in the system and analysis in own way than take an effective decision. The company
Direct line group focuses on different modes about utilize collection and assure about its
validity and reliability.
 Facilitates marketing as well as the growth of the business: The growth of Direct line
group depends on the marketing strategies that directly connect to the IT system. When
company wants to expand its business activities that time required to collect market
information and analysis trends in a particular sector like insurance. This information
collected with the help of IT system and record inappropriate manner than analysis as per
the requirement. Information technology assesses the procedure of connection with
different kinds of clients and transmitting then provides the required information
contributing of an entity. This facilities development as well as increased profit of an
organisation (Thöni and Tjoa, 2017).
 Data Management: Through the assist of information software program, Direct line
group record all the relevant data on database. It may be categorised into inner and outer.
In the context of internal system defined that information could be admittance within
company while in external opposite . Staff members and management of the Direct line
group to make use of websites and access through password.
Ethical and social issues
Ethical issues: It is outlined as a contemplation on quality. These issues provide a brief
expansion of right and wrong through determination of choice available. Regarding ethical issues
in IT, success of the company depends on the mobility of goods and services with high speed and
accuracy.
 Personal privacy concern: In current times, IT is midpoint of several businesses that
make work smoother and faster. While it also poses some issues as information and data
are shared from different components in a broader context. There are identified risk of
infringement of the protection of people and organizations due to widespread
propagation. It is obligation of the Direct line group to assure about its privacy and
security otherwise it will be impacted negatively. There are consisting of precautions
from unlicensed revelation to third party.
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 Harmful actions: It includes multiple adverse effects such as property damage, data or
unnecessary effects. This concept focuses on prohibiting the use of computer techniques
as it harms the wider public, staff, workers, customers and the entire organization.
Damaging activities involve changes to documents or projects that may result in wasteful
spending or severe capacity failure. An instance can be drawn concerning the Direct line
group, as if a virus is transmitted by any of their competitors or intruders, they may
collapse their hard disk or destroy full system data (Ukpabi and Karjaluoto, 2017).
Social issues: These types of issues impact the individuals within large society. There are
defined different types of social issues within organization:
 Identify theft: It is known as major illegitimate activity which replace due to IT crime.
The activity is found to recognise stealing wherein individual information of individual
utilised by the ordinal affair for malicious purpose. If the client sends the information,
operations can be performed by an employee.
 Hacking: It relates to unofficial network or web access. In this regard, third parties may
join a person or organization scheme for accessing their private data. The direct line
group has its own IT division to ensure the safety of its devices. Besides, they supply
safety elements for their staff to train so that almost no possibility of safety violation
happens within their systems.
Networking technologies
Network relates to the blocking of different instruments through which communication can occur
in the organization's working environment. It consist of various systems that connected with
exercise of system disposition that are linked through wireless system. Management of Direct
line usage different communication networks in same company or others are presenting several
cereal of world by utilise quick collecting and chat rooms etc (Magrabi, Liaw and Kidd, 2016). LAN: Local area network is answerable for conjunctive several tendency with the help of
technologies, messages and strategy can be transferred in among several work stations
and computers. By using TCP / IP protocols, links are created by using separate nodes or
their stacking and targeting systems. Direct line apply LAN methodology for bring out
action within single working assumption. MAN – Metropolitan area network utilised by the companies to cover large area like city.
Eventually, in the several LAN networks related to single network either by wired or
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wireless medium. To establish connection required to usage of cables, coaxial cables,
optical fibre etc. Management of Direct line group apply particular methodology in order
to bring out interaction with several outlets for selecting city (Mithas, Krishnan and
Fornell, 2016).
 WAN – The particular area utilised to cover broader geographical area that consist of
whole world or country. The connections are constituted through telephone lines, radio
waves and satellites. In the context of Direct line group, WAN network apply to transfer
resources as well as information through different outlets in the country.
Differences between LAN, MAN, WAN
Basis LAN MAN WAN
What it is It is presented that
system close to each
other either building or
office.
The particular network
connect with several
companies in a city.
It is connected with
two or more LANs at
geographical area.
Distance covered It covers about 2500
meters
It is limited to around
200 Km
It has unlimited range
but generally around
1000 Km
Speed Speed is high as small
number of systems are
linked. It is around
1000, 100 and 10
Mbps (Lui, Ngai and
Lo, 2016).
There is keeping speed
high where range
around 100 Mbps.
There is identifying
speed is slow as large
number of systems that
linked with wireless
technologies and used
speed 1.5 Mbps.
Technologies used Wireless such as
Zigbee, WLAN,
twisted pair, locally
installed and fiber
optic cable.
It is depended on
general carrier such as
fiber optic cable,
twisted pair or locally
installed.
They are either
mounted regionally or
they use money
transmitters such as
coax cables, fiber,
twisted pairs,
broadband or mobile
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networks
Importance of intranet and internet
Internet: It relates to a network that an person could use at any moment and from
somewhere to obtain data, communicate, maintain economic operations, do surveys, buy online,
educate and several others. Through it people save time and faster done their work.
Importance of internet Communication: Direct line group bring out face-to-face communication with its
customers or other channels that are spread throughout the world using teleconferencing
and with no issue and also promote workers to be portion of conferences via voice calls.
 Research: Through internet conduct several types of Research that help to Direct line
group to gather information regarding to their rivals. After that change their pricing and
marketing strategies in order to bring out in depth research, surveys and analysis (Oláh,
Karmazin and Popp, 2018).
Intranet: It relates to personal or regional area networks that can be obtained through an
organization and can be linked to external portals. It can be utilised by making resources like
online messages, transfer resources, programs and many others.
Importance of Intranet Resource Sharing: Direct line group company has a work area within an organization
where it stores information, shares activities and carries out online education programs
for its staff. As a result improve their kills as well as knowledge.
 Better customer service: The company Direct line's management can have access the
data about its worker, clients regarding organizational facilities. It would aid them for
improvement of customer services.
Stages of system development life cycle
SDLC define as multi set procedure of software that are structured within methodologies
way. It relates to the model of projection administration, that identifies different phases in order
to complete a project from the initialization. There are defined several stages below: Planning – Any procedure start from planning because R&D division of Direct line
company identify the problem and scope with the help of existing system. It is helping to
set new objectives for any task. In addition, project feasibility is verified by providing a
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suitable timetable. Direct Line's R&D group is also accountable for identifying the
inclusion, limitations, provocations and safety of the scheme as a whole (Pan and Seow,
2016). Analysis – After planning analysis of collect information & data and validated by
management of Direct line company. They are also accountable for assessing applications
& values together with necessities are connected with the data needed by end users and
rehearses the project objectives. System Design – in the third step consist of organisation of information, system, petition,
system surface as well as user interface. There is developing operation plan, repair,
preparation as well as eventuality thought. In addition, this model is examined by
managers to make sure that the layout is designed to address all the SRS data
specifications. It defines logical structure that contain of absolute as well as elaborated
information that are formulated by activity of planning communication. Implementation – IT department of Direct line company is answerable for applying
design through coding into source code. It compiles all components into a learning setting
accountable for error correction and fault identification. In addition, the test report is
produced to use for the test plan such as the creation of test cases, the distribution of
training and screening results materials.
 Support/Maintenance - This section consist of several activities such as bodily, on line
or mobility assist to users that are required for starting of software. After implementation,
apply modification that can be apply on computer code in particular timeliness and
formulate new requirement of client (Williams and et.al, 2016).
Analysis & Discussion
Information technology relates to channel, system and software creation, servicing and
use for handling and data allocation. After collecting information stored, prepared, interpreted
and inherited over a network. In the context of Direct line group, IT plays important role due to
maintain record of every clients and on demand provide updated information through software.
Different types of network technologies have been utilised by Direct line company to share
information into different departments through resources among different companies. As they
provide services to customers, it is required to apply IT systems for different clients in order to
provide optimistic resources to customer according to necessitate. It will also assistance of Direct
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line to and the way in which are brought out. Through this, they can operate its operations in
spread out way and presentation of staff member can be developed.
Computer technology plays a critical role in the service market as it enables clients to
perform online payments and to contrast the rates provided by Direct line with those provided by
certain organizations. This enables clients to create comparison analyses by distinguishing
themselves from the characteristics they need to provide other goods. IT will also help
organizations in straitening, managing and sharing different activities with staff. Moral and
social problems have been assessed with regard to this. WAN technology utilise by the
management of Direct line company as they are bringing out their operation world wide. There is
addressing demands of all companies and clients. But critical to implementation into
organization that complex and very costly (Tripathy, Aich and Lee, 2016).
Using information systems will strengthen the organization and guide it to perform its
duties effectively. To manage data in the Direct link to apply effective management information
system. It will help to company to invent different strategies than apply them. Additionally, As
per the Direct line develop new software such as Sage 50 for improving reliability of their
operations as well as services.
CONCLUSION
It considered that IT relates to information delivery, recovery and processing by
computer use. Most of the operations are executed in structured manner and effective manner.
There is collecting information through internet due to analysing market activities. Network
technology states that interaction occur with several companies by exercise of system.
Additionally, root age are computer peripheral, reviewer etc. can be transferred in between
several workers. Furthermore, management of Direct line company follow the procedure of
improvement in software in order to planning, analysing, system designing and many other in
scheduling way. Through utilisation of software assured about enquiry communication as well as
Sage 50 for record on data and bringing structure verifiable.
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