Intelligent Transport System and Traffic Congestion

This report discusses the methods to develop intelligent transport system and tackle traffic congestion. It covers research questions, aims and objectives, theoretical framework, and methods used. The report also highlights the significance and contribution of the discipline. Subject: Transportation, Course Code: NA, Course Name: NA, College/University: NA, Document Type: Report, Assignment Type: NA

Running head: INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND TRAFFIC CONGESTION
Intelligent transport system and traffic congestion
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1INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND TRAFFIC CONGESTION
Executive summary
The following report, different research questions regarding the ways to create the intelligent
transport system are discussed. Moreover, various aims and objectives of the projects are been
discussed here. Further, essential contribution is provided for the disciplines. At last, the theoretical
framework is evaluated along with various kinds of methods.

2INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND TRAFFIC CONGESTION
Table of Contents
1. Introductory Background:..................................................................................................................3
2. Research questions:...........................................................................................................................3
3. Aims and Objectives of this Project:.................................................................................................4
4. Understanding the significance and contribution of the discipline:..................................................4
5. Theoretical framework and methods:................................................................................................6
6. Conclusion:........................................................................................................................................7
7. References:........................................................................................................................................8

3INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND TRAFFIC CONGESTION
Project Title: Methods to develop intelligent transport system
1. Introductory Background:
The ITS or Intelligent Transport System is a highly advanced application. This has never
been embodying intelligences. Nonetheless, it provides various different innovative services. These
are related to various transportation modes with traffic management. Further, it enables the users to
get informed better and create secured and more coordinated and effective usage of transport.
The present research puts emphasis over systematic survey and reading. IT focuses on the
system of intelligent transport for traffic congestion as the area of research interest. This is related to
and helpful for various professional discipline. However, the main issue of the study is that it is
limited to traffic congestion information and control. Nevertheless, it never concentrates on road
safety ad effective usage of infrastructures.
In the following study, various research questions, objectives and aims of the projects are
discussed. Next, notable contribution is provide for the discipline. Lastly, a theoretical framework is
provided with different methods.
2. Research questions:
With the advent of the vehicles of near term, various ideas like intelligence cruise control and
cooperative driving, the vehicles can automatically follow others. This occurs in longitudinal
directional. Further, the modelling under the traffic flow comprises of vehicles. These are vital to
analyze the impacts of automation over the properties of traffic flow. The current study puts
emphasis on the following research questions.

4INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND TRAFFIC CONGESTION
 How the automation is acting as the effect on the traffic flow, which is considered highly
beneficial?
 What are the short-term forecasting of traffics?
 What are methods of predictions of the traffic flow?
3. Aims and Objectives of this Project:
The ITS or the Intelligent Transport or “ITS” is the assimilation of leading-edge data and the
technologies of communication technologies. This is utilized in traffic management systems and
transportations for developing the sustainability, efficiency and safety of the networks of
transportations. This is to develop the security, sustainability and efficiency of the networks of
transportations for reducing the congestion of traffic. This can develop the experience of the drivers.
The following study aims at following points.
 To develop a systematic survey
 To create a systematic reading
 To understand the intelligent approach of system
 To analyze the congestion of research interest
 To relate all the above aims with the professional discipline
Thus the above aims helps in undertaking activities with the help of human intervention to get
automated. Further, the performances of road networks can be adjusted and controlled under real-
time.

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4. Understanding the significance and contribution of the discipline:
The ITS or Intelligent Transport System has been defined as the communication up
gradation, controlling and holistic updating of the classical transport. This involves the traffic
systems that includes the notably vital performances, flow of traffics and impacts of goods and
passenger transportations. This includes the security and safety of transport and assures the
comfortable travelling for various passengers. This is through the changing approaches and various
trends in traffic and transport research (Sładkowski and Pamuła 2016). This aims to resolve the
escalating issues of security of passengers, safety and efficiency of transport, pollutions and
congestion. Moreover, the intelligent transport systems has been able to replace the prior concepts
regarding problem solving of transportation. These are related to all the important cities, airports and
centers and raising the necessities for the latest solutions and approaches (Yuan and Wang, 2016).
Moreover, the direct advantages from the deployment of ITS has been assessed on the basis of
various set of elements. This includes safety, flow efficiency, cost and productivity reduction and
environment benefits.
Apart from the measurable advantages, there are also various developments that are also
seen. It also involves the latest business scopes, rise the employments and development of national,
urban and regional status. Further, among the common stakeholders and users, various groups are
identified. This includes the system owners, network operators and end users. This involves the tour
operators, local authority, civil governments and service providers (Gentile and Noekel 2016).
Further, there are various approaches to calculate the benefits and influence of the projects. These
are related to the deployment and ITS developments. The designing of the usable and effective ITS
solutions has been including the probability of estimating the benefits of ITS. This can be used
through various suitable processes. This involves the process for the measurement of physical
effects, methods of benefit analysis and analysis that are cost effective and benefits of cost analysis.

6INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND TRAFFIC CONGESTION
Further, the ITS architecture is vital for various causes. This assures the open market for
equipment and services. This is the standard interface taking place between components. This also
involves the open market permitting the finances of scale in distribution and production. In this way
one can decrease the price of services and products. Moreover, it assures the consistency of data that
are delivered to the end-users (Luo et al. 2016). Further, this has been encouraging the investment
under ITS. This is because the compatibility is assured. Apart from this, this also assures the
interoperability taking place between various components and they are developed through various
manufacturers. This is effective for the SMEs. Next, it has been permitting the suitable level of
technologies independences (Alam, Ferreira and Fonseca 2016). Further, it has been permitting the
latest technologies to be included smoothly. Next, it has been providing the base of the common
knowing of the functions and purposes of the intelligent transport system and avoids the assumptions
of conflicts.
Nevertheless, the gain in the study includes the fact that it never considers the limiting
congestion due to the rise of traffic flow. Thus it is possible to notably decrease the consumption of
fuel and pollution consequently. Moreover, the efficiency of this type of the system is developed
through more and more solutions. This is done with the mobile devices and is an essential gap. It is a
matter of fact, the mobile tools are used broadly and the applications are comfortable to use and
never needs the deployments of extra technical solutions (Lei et al. 2017). Moreover, it must be
stressed that assimilating the systems on the basis f using the solutions of typical telematics like
traffic detectors, has been and usefulness. This also involves the signs of variable messages and real
time road incidents and solutions to focus on the mobile technologies. This considerably has been
extending the usefulness and capabilities.

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5. Theoretical framework and methods:
The research involves the inductive approach with the qualitative research. The inductive
approach is a helpful method to describe anything that leads to anything other. Further, as it is
implemented to the reasoning indicates that one must collect the data and then draw the conclusions
from where one should observe. Apart from this the logical kinds has been familiar to the term
“inductive” since this makes relation to the reasoning. Further, the inductive approach is the
systematic process to analyze the qualitative data. This makes an analysis to make likely guided by
particular aims of evaluation. Gain the qualitative research is an effective scientific way used here.
This includes observation for gathering the data that non-numeric. Here, it has been including the
kind of research that indicates the concept definitions, metaphors, description of things and symbols
and meanings. This also involves the measures or counts.
6. Conclusion:
The above study shows that how effectively a systematic and suitable survey can be made
out of the intelligent transport system approach. This is for the traffic congestion along with the
research intersect. This has been highly useful for the professional disciplines. Further a critical
analysis is done that also recognizes the specific gas and unanswered queries. This has been also
indicating whether future research is required or not. Apart from this, the study has been primarily
focusing on applying the systems of intelligent transport. This must be done in the nations that are
developing. They have big issues such as congestion of traffic, high loads of the traffics and
infrastructure constraints.

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7. References:
Alam, M., Ferreira, J. and Fonseca, J., 2016. Introduction to intelligent transportation systems. In
Intelligent Transportation Systems (pp. 1-17). Springer, Cham.
Gentile, G. and Noekel, K., 2016. Modelling public transport passenger flows in the era of intelligent
transport systems. Gewerbestrasse: Springer International Publishing.
Guerrero-Ibáñez, J., Zeadally, S. and Contreras-Castillo, J., 2018. Sensor technologies for intelligent
transportation systems. Sensors, 18(4), p.1212.
Lei, A., Cruickshank, H., Cao, Y., Asuquo, P., Ogah, C.P.A. and Sun, Z., 2017. Blockchain-based
dynamic key management for heterogeneous intelligent transportation systems. IEEE Internet of
Things Journal, 4(6), pp.1832-1843.
Luo, Y., Zhu, T., Wan, S., Zhang, S. and Li, K., 2016. Optimal charging scheduling for large-scale
EV (electric vehicle) deployment based on the interaction of the smart-grid and intelligent-transport
systems. Energy, 97, pp.359-368.
Nuzzolo, A. and Comi, A., 2016. Advanced public transport and intelligent transport systems: new
modelling challenges. Transportmetrica A: Transport Science, 12(8), pp.674-699.
Sakiz, F. and Sen, S., 2017. A survey of attacks and detection mechanisms on intelligent
transportation systems: VANETs and IoV. Ad Hoc Networks, 61, pp.33-50.
Sładkowski, A. and Pamuła, W. eds., 2016. Intelligent transportation systems-problems and
perspectives (Vol. 303). Springer International Publishing.

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Wang, C., Li, X., Zhou, X., Wang, A. and Nedjah, N., 2016. Soft computing in big data intelligent
transportation systems. Applied Soft Computing, 38, pp.1099-1108.
Yuan, Y. and Wang, F.Y., 2016, November. Towards blockchain-based intelligent transportation
systems. In 2016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)
(pp. 2663-2668). IEEE.