International Entrepreneurship: Jeff Bezos and Amazon

This report delves into the concept of international entrepreneurship and how Jeff Bezos founded Amazon, the world's most recognized e-commerce site. It explores the barriers and enablers for international business and the different routes of entering international markets, including exporting, licensing and franchising, and joint ventures. The report also discusses the Uppsala model of internationalization and the types of internationalization.

International
Entrepreneurship

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................1
Background of entrepreneur - ....................................................................................................1
Barriers and enablers for considered company - ........................................................................2
Types of internationalisation : ....................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
References:.......................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
International entrepreneurship states to the skills, knowledge, competences explored in
the field of culture awareness and behaviour aimed to introducing an individual or business as an
businessmen in the global situation. Most business and particulars trust that entrepreneurs is
the components for growth, job creation and self satisfaction. It is the key factor for guarantee
that an individuals has self satisfaction and employability (Haddoud, Jones and Onjewu, 2019).
With the current technology improvement advancements, globalisation has taken the world by
disturbance, hence raising the requirements the requirements for business competences at an
international level an individuals should be able to illustrate intercultural ability. A huge number
of new jobs and opportunity are created by entrepreneurship. It creates a extreme amount of
entry level jobs that are very much essential to turn unskilled employee into qualified ones. It
also prepares and gives experiences of a country hugely depends on the development of
industries. The duty of business is creating new jobs and developing creativity within the
business. The report will consider the entrepreneur named Jeff bezos, the richest person of the
global country who founded a e commerce site which is well recognised in world wide named
as Amazon. The report will cover the concept international entrepreneur and what drives them to
start a business. Further it will elaborate the different routes of entering international market
(Freeman, Zhu and Warner, 2020).
MAIN BODY
The attainment of execution property concern theories according to the degree of
business and invention in a specific business structure . In instance, business and innovation are
essential are necessary for attaining affirmative social change and profitable development.
Property evolution includes creativity in business which proponent for a alteration in goods and
services. Global entrepreneurship and invention aim to person the global into a better point
through creativity and engineering (Jafari-Sadeghi, Kimiagari and Biancone, 2019).
Background of entrepreneur -
Jeff bezos, is the business man who was born in 1964, new Mexico. He was proportional
from college in 1986 he was offering by occupation at intel, bell labs, and Andersen consulting.
He first worked at filet a fintech telecommunication start up where he was undertaking with
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making a network for international trade (Biancone and et. al., 2021). He was promoted to head
of development and director of client company. After he moved in finance manufacture when
he become a creation manager. In 1994 former amazon CEO was exteriorly was already
successful by most peoples benchmarks. He unreal of making his personal establishment in the
big scale then nearly disorderly of the world wide web. It was a hazardous decision, but it
quickly paid off. Just four years after bozos making amazon.com. He outset his first business
venture the dreaming association an learning summertime camp for students up to 6 standards.
After some time he planned to start an e commerce company by analysing the market and its
trends, initially the concept of e commerce was not liked by many people as people believe in
buying goods offline but after some time as covid appear the concept was liked many people as
It save time of many people. Competing with top technological companies like apple, I pad and
many other company make the brand and its owner more popular (Dillon and et.,al., 2020.).
The main aim of starting business is to have good and standard living style. The vision of the
world most consumer company where customer can come to find anything they want to buy
online. Provide by the secret feeling for the baby concern of electronic retailing bezos dreamed if
making his own company in the big then about chartless things of the global country. Amazon is
the company which is rated now as the top company in global country (López and Álvarez,
2018).
Barriers and enablers for considered company -
Roadblock to launching is an economic science and concern term Scribe component that
can forestall or hinder starter into a class or commercial enterprise sphere, and so boundary
request. These can consider high start-up reimbursement, regulatory hurdles, or other hindrance
that forestall new rival from easy entering a concern aspect. Impedimenta to entry benefit
existent firms because they protect their marketplace share and ability to generate revenues and
profits. Public obstruction to entry include particular tax benefits to existing firms, patent
activity, strong trade name individuality, client truth, and high client switch expenditure. Other
obstruction include the demand for brand-new institution to obtain licence or regulative interval
earlier business activity. while expanding concern the institution faces some obstruction to
launch a concern some of them are listed in below (Etemad, Gurau and Dana, 2022) -
 Lack of knowledge - During expanding business in other nation so it is important to
have an appropriate knowledge so that work can done smoothly. There is a difficulty in
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knowing what national and international sources of information is accessible or required
to reduce the level of risk of foreign markets. Issues associated with the sources, quality
and comparability of accessible or needed to deduct the level of uncertainty of
international market (Martin and Javalgi, 2018).
 Funding issues - This states the deficiency of findings as while expanding business on
big level the company required a capital they have to go to financial institutions ans many
other places who can help them to start a business. It is hard to allocating funds or
describing adequate expenditure towards researching foreign markets, visiting abroad
users. It difficult in insuring goods for foreign market and assets in foreign markets.
 Networks - this is link with the issues and barriers that linked with the adjusting supply
networks ways as per the variations and synchronised within foreign markets also issues
associated with advancing access to distributing channels in across markets the costs of
managing the length of the channel or different levels of systems being controlled by a
some channels. trouble in get reliable mental representation foreign who meet the:
structural region coverage, fiscal property, sensual installing, work (product assortment,
logistic arrangements, storehouse quickness , and behavioral (market reputation, relation
with government, combined attitude necessitate of the businessperson and is not already
engaged by a rival.
 Legislation - barriers associated with the operations by the regional and foreign
government in context of its companies and exporters. Contribution and motivation by
governing bodies to companies for exporting and globalisation activities is non existent
and many others. Abroad institution are circumscribed on the shares they can have by
the British authorities. Also they face complexity in adjusting the company policy to
accommodate variations in consumers habits and cognition caused by various
topographic and climatic conditions, households conditions and structure level of
technical analysis, income level and supply manners and buyers education benchmarks
(Durmanov and et. al., 2020).
 Trade barriers - these are administrative strategy which place restrictions on international
trade. Trade barriers can either make trade more complex and expensive to save trade
completely. The theory of comparative benefits states that as long as nations have access
to resources in various proportions then they will all gain from engaging in international
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trade with one other. To realize these development from business they each required to
easily devote sources to the industries where domestic production is most efficient and
then trade to receive other goods (Bogoviz and et. al., 2018).
 Business surroundings barriers - these obstacles are associated with the economic, polity
and socio civilization of the foreign market. Unassuaged users attitudes by economic
impacts just as huge British liability high inflation rates, and high un employability
levels in foreign markets which erode their buyers purchasing powers and effect on their
expending methods. Uncertainty to global business dealing arising from unstable
exchange rates tending to unsteady export terms overseas reappraisal of exporters
prevalence outcomes It less pleasing prices to end buyers and uncontrovertible
currencies that impede the repatriate of sales profits from worldwide countries (Sadeghi
and et. al., 2019).
how did they overcome problems?
There are some ways to cope up from the barriers which is face while expanding business
-
 It is crucial to measure exactly which obstruction apply to which marketplace. Only then
can decision-makers responsible for provision, merchandising and dispersion develop a
plan, entrust and projected solutions to get over or minimise the impact of the
circumstantial obstruction, permit for the coveted market perforate.
Original (Biancone and et. al., 2021).
 The company Amazon must go through with the marketing conditions and also they
should understand the marketing economic situation that there business can invest a
amount on researching and development team .
 The amazon can hire a local people as a employee so that they can understand the market
conditions and also reduce the language barrier for the company as it makes a simpler
way to understand the business terms and condition.
 They can collaborate with the already recognised brand and work with them so that they
can have a good ratio of business also they are capable to have a competing benefit in
new market.
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 Exporting various kind of goods and employment not subjected to trade countenance.
Delay market entry if it look countenance might be filled (Baier-Fuentes and et. al.,
2019).
 Opt a various market with which to commerce. They can improve alternate bang-up and
services to trade in market.
 Improve value added act in the target marketplace just as after gross sales services that
are not taxable to traits and will grow the worth of the more distensible goods.
 Implement the goods or services to grows its perceived value and describe the raising
price as well as value.
 It is crucial for company which barriers apply to which markets only then can decisions
makers responsible for stocking goods and many others that makes an effective function
in business (Sardon Steinhauser, da Rocha and de Oliveira Paula, 2022).
Types of internationalisation :
The Uppsala model is an outcome of Swedish seeker which assembled on their interest
on the globalisation process. Studying the internationalisation though this model for selecting an
befitting market and form of entry when going overseas. The exemplary is one of the champion
exemplary which assist companies in setting business as it presents consecutive attack, that the
firm internationalisation increase (Servais, Zucchella and Palamara, 2018). The model observes
that there is a deficiency of knowledge of the foreign market which is analysis to globalisation.
Hence, it advices that a company must initially introduce itself in its domestic market along with
that grow its commitments and beginning in the target nations in levels, progression to the next
phase once enough perceptive and instruction of the foreign marketplace conditions have been
achieved.
The framework trade with entrance new activity which is near or investment in individual
state rather than devising a mess. It has progress inclination which permits to moving in distant
marketplace. It presents fellowship can have experience from their past learning and applicable
cognition. In instance, rivalry military unit and components override psychical spacing to a new
nation as lacking than company steadfast with few international experience it can impact the
small company in situation of psychic distance. The theory needs agelong term investment in
selling place to addition cognition. The conceptualization can be cost prompt to apply at
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beginning but can take long duration to evolve the industry barriers. For considered company it
is beneficial as it deals with indirect exporting goods with assistance of outer factor or
merchandiser. Devalued cost entry know-how which assist using superior in some other factors
quickly way of entryway the new marketplace. Introducing abroad sales subsidiaries can assist
raised sales, capable customers base in marketplace and makes market consciousness about the
goods which determines users sensation cause which might changes according new market. By
using British industry unit employee and outgo of industry can be reduced.
Routes of internationalisation :
There are many ways to enter in international market in order to expand the business
entity in global market for raising the profitability and brand value in international market. Some
of ways are listed in below points (Tabares and et. al., 2021).
 Exporting - this includes their bully and products to another overseas, for some
industries this is the quickest mode of entry into the international business. This is an
easy way of promoting business in other nation also it helps in approaching with the
clients and also has less risk in expanding business. The benefits of this mode are as
they can select the foreign representation in the across market. They can use the direct
exporting policy to test the goods in other country. The policy helps business to save the
unobstructed, intangible, trademarks and another unidentifiable assets.
 Licensing and franchising - companies which wishes to set up a business in an another
country with minimum risk this mode permits another concern presume the hazard on
stead of the institution. In this the business will pay the royalty or commissions to use the
brand name fabricate and trademark and other intellectual properties. The benefits of
starting business through this way are as, low cost of moving into an international
marketplace. Licensing or concession partner has instruction respect the local market.
This way of expanding business reduces risk as in most cases this partners is a local
business entity (Baier-Fuentes and et. al., 2019.).
 joint venture - it is one of the penchant modes of entry into global market for concern
who are sharing their brand , cognition and professionalism. Industries are wish to
expand the business into other country can from joint venture with local businesses in
the overseas location, wherein both joint ventures partners share the person and
uncertainty across border. Benefits of adapting this kind of mode are as both partners can
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purchase their respective expertise to grow as well as raise with in a chosen market. The
political risk included in this kind of company is low because of the being of the local
partners individual education of the general marketplace.
 Foreign direct investment – it includes a institution entrance an abroad marketplace by
making a significant investing in the state. Some of the modes of entry into global
business using the foreign direct investing scheme consider mergers and acquisition and
greenfield expend. This strategy is feasible when the requirements and the ferret-sized of
the market or the growth capability of the market in the sustainability is high to justify the
investing. Business select this mode to move in international market as manufacturing
of locally can ignore import duties, other the other had companies can take benefits of
low cost labour, cheaper material.
The company Amazon uses the way to expand the business is outsourcing of the business
by using its name and operations and directions are given by the company to the management.
The company initially analyse the marketing condition them move to launch the company in
market. Cyberspace was certainly a huge part of Amazon’s growth but scientific invention,
selling strategy, and most significantly its concern model is what brand Amazon the most
innovative institution of the actual era (Walzer, 2021) . Amazon has grown significantly since
its origin as a book-selling website and dispersed its wings to other areas like provision,
consumer engineering, cloud calculation, and most newly, media and delight – domains that did
and would help Amazon tread the path to issue as a trillion-dollar firm. Amazon is an online
store. The e-commerce business approval to over 50% of the institution total but a ample portion
of the gross comes encouraging third-party concern to sell on its level. Meantime, costs are note
as Amazon has no demand for somatic shop. It is an exceptional high-volume interest that
inventor ratio using the gross ascend able web level and uses leading-edge data concretion to
optimise concern show (Aguilera and Grøgaard, 2019.).
CONCLUSION
It is complete from above report that the enterpriser are the people who turns their
thoughts and thought in experience for appreciated the needs of bargain. Here are various kinds
of ventures just as small, large and social business which are associated with the categorization
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of business. The little business and starts ups are useful for a nation as they gives job, profit
and income and many more to the nation which is profitable for developing the life modular of
group. Here are different ability, classifications and traits which are needed among the
entrepreneur in regards to get along flourishing in their concern. It is stated in above report about
the international business concept also explain about the routes of business to move in other
nation with legal system so that work can be some systematically. The company amazon works
at global level they have different kinds of product which they provide to the buyers. They
prefer the customer satisfaction so that they can have the competing benefits.
References:
Books and Journals
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review. Empirical International Entrepreneurship, pp.137-159.
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International Business Review, 29(6), p.101739.
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research on international business, 2000–2015: A citation/co-citation analysis of JIBS.
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Barriers and Determinants. Emerald Group Publishing.
Jafari-Sadeghi, V., Kimiagari, S. and Biancone, P.P., 2019. Level of education and knowledge,
foresight competency and international entrepreneurship: a study of human capital
determinants in the European countries. European Business Review.
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López, T. and Álvarez, C., 2018. Entrepreneurship research in Latin America: a literature
review. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 31(4), pp.736-756.
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