Analysis of Business Strategies and Entrepreneurship

This assignment provides a comprehensive analysis of business management strategies, entrepreneurship concepts, and case studies. It includes an examination of corporate social responsibility, innovation, leadership, and related topics. The provided references include academic journals, books, and online resources, showcasing a diverse range of perspectives on these subjects.

Research
Methodologies

Table of Contents
SUBMISSION 1: RESEARCH DESIGN PROPOSAL .................................................................1
Chapter 1: Introduction...............................................................................................................1
Chapter 2: Research Methodology..............................................................................................2
Chapter 3: Data Analysis............................................................................................................6
Chapter 4: Ethics, Values, Referencing And Presentation..........................................................7
SUBMISSION 2: LITERATURE REVIEW...................................................................................8
Chapter 1: Literature Review Introduction.................................................................................8
Chapter 2: Literature Review .....................................................................................................8
Chapter 3: Literature Review Conclusion.................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
.......................................................................................................................................................14

SUBMISSION 1: RESEARCH DESIGN PROPOSAL
Title: “To investigate strategies employed by TATA group for its evolution.”
Chapter 1: Introduction
Overview of Research
In a business organisation, evolution is related to the crucial process as it help
company in developing their performance level by expanding their activities in several
sectors. It provide opportunities to company in capturing larger market share from its
competitors at market place. One of the main aim of this activity is to attain sustainability
in the market for longer period of time (Ayyagari, Dau and Spencer, 2015). This is the
reason that company needs to analysis the business environment before evolutive their
operations so that they easily develop their growth level at competitive area. For
attaining the same, every firm use proper strategies for evolution in the market. This
become more beneficial for organisation by making its brand image more competitive
and famous as well. Thus, it is crucial for company to analysis the market competition
and growth strategies to attain sustainability. It directly contribute in establishing
competitive brand image at global market and gain higher success as well.
Background of Research
Evolution is one of the important activity or concern that refers to the business
growth and continuous development along with expansion in different sectors. It is go
through various progressive stage that directly contribute in enhancing growth level of
the company. The main aim of evolution within the organisation is to expand their
operation in different sectors which put positive impact on overall performance of firm at
competitive market place (Brones, de Carvalho and de Senzi Zancul, 2014). Current
research is based on TATA Group, is an Indian multinational company founded by
Jamsetji Tata in 1868. Along with this, company also gained international recognition
that famous for its services. Each and every TATA companies operate independently
under the supervision of its board of directors ad shareholders.
Rationale of Research
Current research is based on investigating the strategies employed by TATA
Group for its evolution. As it provide depth information about evolution that help
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business organisation to enhance their growth level at market place. This is the reason
that investigator carried out the current research as it help researcher in their personal
and professional career (Chen, Tang and Feldmann, 2015). It also provide support to
researcher in improving their knowledge towards the topic that help them in their career
growth. With the help of this investigation, investigator easily understand strategies that
used by company for its evolution. Through this, researcher enhance the chances of
attaining appropriate outcomes.
Research Aim
The main aim of this research is“To investigate strategies employed by TATA
group for its evolution.”
Research Objectives
 To identify strategies employed by TATA Group to deal with present competitive
business environment.
To determine major setbacks faced by TATA group since its inception in 1868.
To identify factors which contribute to sustainability of TATA Group.
Research Questions
 What type of strategies are employed by TATA Group to deal with present
competitive business environment?
 What is the major setbacks faced by TATA group since its inception in 1868?
 What are the factors which contribute to sustainability of TATA Group?
Chapter 2: Research Methodology
This section is play a significant role in conducting a study in well organized and
systematic manner. Mainly, it is a process that used to gather relevant information and
data with the aim of taking right and valid decision. Research methodology includes
various assumptions and values that help in making a research effective. With the help
of this section, investigator gather, analysis and interpretation data to reach the final
outcomes (Chittoor, Kale and Puranam, 2015). In this, research is responsible for
selecting suitable method so that proper and reliable research can be undertaken. This
section also help researcher in identifying or solving research issues by developing well
structured research activities of data collection. In a investigation, the section of
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research methodology allow the researcher to critically evaluate reliability of whole
study.
Types of investigation
It is considered as a crucial techniques which are applied by researcher for
collecting relevant data (Grant, 2016). It also help in analysing the collected information
for developing better understanding towards the specified topic or research area. With
the assistance of this, researcher take authentic decision. There are two of research
methods describe below:
 Qualitative method: This technique defined as a process that is subjective in
nature. As it focus on obtaining data by open ended and conversational
communication. It also provide in-depth information about specified topic and
area in order to attain positive results. By using this method, researcher reveal
the behaviour and perception of selected respondents with the references to the
specified topic (Singh and Sharma, 2015). Qualitative research method includes
various aspects and sources such as in-depth interview, case study, focus
groups and many more. All these are aid in gathering valid information to attain
reliable outcomes.
 Quantitative method: It is also consider as an important method that emphasize
objective measurement. Mainly, it is systematic empirical research of observable
phenomenon through mathematical and computational technique. Under this,
information will be gather or analyse in numerical form. As it help investigator to
gather valid data in order to reduce the chances of arising issues while collecting
information towards the research topic.
For undertaking this research, researcher will use qualitative method as it provide
detailed information that support in evaluating the positive and reliable outcomes at the
end of the research in stipulate time frame (Irianto, 2016).
Research Philosophy
It is related to belief wherein data is collected and analysed. Mainly, it is based
on developing in-depth evaluation about selected topic with the aim of generating
reliable results. As it includes two type of research philosophy such as:
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 Interpretivism philosophy- This type of method is effective as it refers to the
better understanding the difference among human and objects. Mainly, it focus
on subjective aspects behind the social phenomenon (Kagiri and Wainaina,
2017). By applying this method, investigator will gather relevant data and
information that assist in attaining positive and reliable outcomes.
 Positivism philosophy- It is related to the philosophical attitude of nature
scientist. It is applied within the investigation in order to generating the existing
hypothesis for developing theories. It help in observing the social reality for
understanding the the nature of people.
From both methods, researcher will use interpretivism philosophy as it is related
to qualitative method that help in analysing opinion of different authors about research
topic.
Research Approaches
This section of research methodology is important as it refers to effective
procedure that includes various steps to collect data, analysis and interpretation
(Kotabe and Kothari, 2016). All these are based on investigation nature in which
particular issue is addressed. It includes different approaches like: Inductive approach- This technique is based on qualitative study in which
researcher gather detailed information about the research topic. As it is start
from observation or theories and ends with the observation results. Along with
this, it is a logical process which consist multiple premises and also forecasting
the human behaviour. Mainly, it is flexible in nature which help in improving the
chances of generating relevant information about specified topic and area as
well.
 Deductive approach- This type of method is more specific that is starts with
general and react at specified results or concern. It is related with positivism
paradigm that is based on the assumption. It also concerned with developing a
hypothesis related to existing theory. By this, investigator easily understand facts
and truth of research topic and area.
In this investigation, inductive research approach will be applied by researcher as
it provide an appropriate and subjective reason towards the information (Kummitha and
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Majumdar, 2015). This will support investigator to take right and valid judgement within
the research to make it more authenticate and successful.
Research Design
It is refers to a framework of of methods which used by investigator wit the aim of
handling issues and problems in logical way. Mainly it provides right direction to
researcher while undertaking research activities (Lasserre, 2017). For this, researcher
use effective or specific methodology to collect authenticate information. Along with
this, it also five blueprint to researcher that help them in developing a appropriate
answers towards the research questions. It help them in attaining positive and reliable
results. It classified on different research design which mentioned below: Descriptive design- This type of method is focus on evaluating as well as
explaining situation by observing and explaining overall behaviour of specified
research topic and area. As it is based on scientific method through which
investigator easily gather appropriate data. Explanatory design- It is used for evaluating problem on which research is
conducted. By using this, researcher gather detailed information that explaining
the investigation aspects. It also allow investigator to clarify the relation among
two or more than different condition within the research.
 Exploratory design- This type of method used for issues that is not evaluated or
investigate before. In this, researcher also focus on identifying the aspects in
detailed way that help in taking right decision at the end of investigation (Maan,
2014).
For undertaking this research, researcher will used descriptive research design
by which they easily explain the situation in organized way. It help in improving the
chances of resolving issues and at the same time assist in attaining positive outcomes.
Data collection
In research activities, data collection is consider as a process of collecting or
analysing information in relation to specified topic. With the help of this, researcher
collect information theory various sources to find the answer of research questions. One
of the main aim of this method is to gather quality information that help in analysing
issues in easy way (Shah, 2014). It classified in the basis of two methods such as:
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 Primary method: It is refers to factual and first-hand information that never used
before. By this, researcher can draw a valid and accurate results within the
investigation (Leekha Chhabra and Sharma, 2014). It can be expensive because
it includes investment and manpower to gather information. It includes different
type of sources like interview, questionnaire, survey and so on.
 Secondary method: It is also an effective method in which researcher gather
information that are already recorded in different sources like books, journals,
articles and many more. One of the main advantage of using this method is that it
save time and cost of researcher. As it provide in-depth information about the
specified topic and area to attain positive outcomes.
For this investigation, both primary and secondary methods will be used to gather
relevant data and information for research topic (Mohanty, Panda and Hota, 2014). In
this regards, questionnaire developed in primary research and literature review is
carried out in secondary research.
Sampling
It is a process of selecting respondents from large population with the aim of
collecting relevant data and information. Mainly, it is a statistical process that is related
to the selection of people as a sample size. It includes two type of sampling method
such as probability and non- probability (Nadaf and Nadaf, 2014). For conducting this
research, investigator select 40 respondents by using random sampling methods. As it
provide equal chance to all the selected respondents to take participant in
questionnaire. With the help of this, they can easily gather relevant data and
information.
Chapter 3: Data Analysis
Data analysis is an effective procedures that used by investigator for applying
statistical technique in order to analyse data and information in appropriate way. One of
the main advantage of data analysis is to break down large data into smaller one in
order to improve the chances of attaining positive results. Thus, it is crucial for
researcher to select appropriate technique for gathering information. As, investigator
prepare a questionnaire for collecting data towards the selected topic. This will aid in
understanding views and opinion of respondents (Prabhu and Jain, 2015). Along with
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this, thematic analysis is also used by investigator to interpretation collected data for
getting positive and reliable outcomes in most effective manner. In this, graphs is also
developed by researcher to shows the respondents answers. It is easy to understand
and taking right judgement.
Chapter 4: Ethics, Values, Referencing And Presentation
Ethical issues are play a crucial role in undertaking an investigation. In this,
researcher is responsible for considering and following all the ethical aspect while
performing research activities (Ramaswamy, Purkayastha and Petitt, 2017). This make
research more successful and authenticate as well. Mainly, it includes various principles
like confidentiality, inform consent and anonymity. All these are needs to cover within
the research so that whole investigator will be more effective. Along with this,
investigator should keep confidentiality in participants information. With the help of this,
respondents give their participants in collecting data and information toward the
selected topic. In this regards, informed consent is also important in which research
provide data with investigation objective of participants that help them in taking right
decision within the research. Furthermore, Anonymity is refers to primary research that
provide in-depth or detailed information towards the specified research topic. This will
assist in attaining positive and reliable outcomes at the end of the research activities.
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SUBMISSION 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Chapter 1: Literature Review Introduction
It is one of the significant section of research as it includes information that is
already published. It also give detailed information that support investigator in
understanding the actual concept towards the selected topic and area. In this regards,
the main purpose is to give reviews towards the research objectives that given by
different authors as per their knowledge and experience (Savino, Messeni Petruzzelli
and Albino, 2017). For gathering relevant data and information, it includes various
sources such as websites, books, journals, articles and so on. It may aid in evaluating
as well as analysing the actual relationship among different aspects of selected
research topic. All these are directly contribute in identifying the issues present in the
research activities. By this researcher also communicate with other scholar and gain
knowledge about current topic and research area.
Chapter 2: Literature Review
To identify strategies employed by TATA Group to deal with present competitive
business environment.
As per the views of Kazuyuki Motohashi, 2019, There are various of strategies
which global business organisation inherits in order to effective deal with competitive
business environment and accomplish desired organisational goals and objectives.
Adopting management strategies within business organisation essentially aids to
enhance the overall worth of businesses as well as corporate value. Furthermore, these
corporate activities eventually results in economic profits to shareholders, employees,
stakeholders and other important partners. Tata group is a multinational company
headquarter in Mumbai. The respective organisation primarily have variety of
companies. Significant Tata subsidiaries and companies include: Tta Motors, Tata
Consultancy company, Jaguar Land, Tata Coffee, Tata Chemicals, Tata Global
Beverages and many other companies. However, several strategies are adopted in
order t6o effectively deal with the competition and accomplish desired business
objectives. For Tata Group internationalization is the key component through which
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company can successfully enter into other countries and expand its overall market
share.
Variety of strategies are essentially implemented by Tata Group so that it can
potentially deal with present competitive business environment and potentially achieve
desired business objectives. The main strategy implemented by Tata Group is
Turnaround strategy due to which it is winning hearts of its potential customers and
overall profitability of respective organisation tends to show a positive. It is also adopted
Divestment strategy so that it can effectively deal with competitive edge in such a way
that productivity with business can be witnessed. This is essentially a type of
retrenchment strategy wherein implemented by business organisation wherein they
essentially downsize their scope activities. This divestment usually deals with
elimination of a portion of business. Tata Group also adopted business level strategy in
order to order there overall market share in such a way that consistency within business
can be witnessed and competitive business environment can be handled effectively.
Under Business level strategy company established the cheapest car into the potential
market Nano. Due to which people with low level of income group can easily afford four
wheeler. This launch essentially aid the respective organisation be earn huge amounts
of profits and productivity within business was witnessed. Moreover, respective
business organisation has also adopted product differentiation strategy wherein they
invented products which are eventually different from its competitive brand. Such
policies enormously helps in dealing with competitive business environment in positive
manner. Various products and services are invented by Tata Group in order to deal
effectively and attained desired business objective to positively deal with competition
prevailing in potential market. Tata Group research and development strategy has also
positively impacted the competitive business environment. It has enormously spend
huge amount of funds due to which knowledge based engineering application software
have speed up the business operations.
However, in order to deal with competition in every sector needs to inherit
implementation of accurate business strategy essentially so that desired business
objective can be accomplished and consistency within business can be witnessed
potentially.
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To determine major setbacks faced by TATA group since its inception in 1868.
As per the views of Siddharth Philip, 2017 Tata group is one of the leading brand
in the iconic history of India. Major challenges in front of N. Chandrasekaran is to
improve capital allocation and returns from the $100 billion towards Indian
conglomerate. There are variety of challenges which business organisation tends to
faces in tough competitive environment while carrying out business organisation into
potential market. However, in order to effectively overcome these strategies
implementation several business strategies is required to be adopted so that business
operation can be carried out accurately and consistency as well as sustainability shall
be witnessed. Tata Group is India's oldest and biggest conglomerates company set up
by a Parsi businessman in 1868. Tata Group essentially aids to faces leadership
challengers under its variety of subsidiaries companies however in order to overcome
this company need to adopt several strategies through which positive working
environment with respective organisation is witnessed. The company's finance and
market share have enormously suffered due to competitive and opponent companies.
Tata Group have suffered product portfolio, service as well as quality related issues
leading to adverse impact on the brand. Apart from this Tata Group have also suffered
issues relating to service as well as quality service responsiveness. Moreover, company
is unable come up with new product because Indian market is very competitive in
nature. Tata group have currently agreed to pump up millions of amount into Jaguar
Land Rover, but under Indian conglomeration have witnessed several problems to deal
with economic downturn. There is a very negative picture of profitability parameters of
Tata Group post merger period. The mean difference between pre and post merger has
shown negatively. Overall return on asset ratio has shown decline of mean difference.
Therefore, in order to overcome the setbacks which the respective organisation faces
the company shall adopt several business strategies through to business operation can
be carried out in such a manner and business tends to witness positive outcome.
To identify factors which contribute to sustainability of TATA Group.
As per the views of Ana Tur-Porcar, 2019, Sustainability is very essential for an
organisation and its is increasing importance for society as well as creation of business
ventures. Sustainability refers to ability to maintain growth at certain level. Sustainable
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development can be define as a growth of business which is able to meet with the
present or current needs of organisation. When company is able to achieve desired
goals without compromising with the abilities of needs of future generations. There are
various factors which foster the sustainability of business and enhance its productivity
and profitability. Factors which contribute to sustainability of TATA Group are majorly
related to environment, business activities, human relations as well as behaviour. All of
these factor are very helpful in growth and development of TATA group and factors that
contribute to sustainability of respective company is mention below.
Environmental and Business factors: Environment and business factor are
very important to sustainability and growth of TATA Group. It includes micro and macro
factor which affect functioning of organisation as well as help in achieving desired goals
and objectives. Environment consist of government rules, economics, society, policies,
market trends and so on. TATA group can achieve sustainability in its business
operations by effectively managing all of these environmental factors. By providing
social and economic solutions, TATA group of company can achieve organisational
goals by these factors. Business factors includes management process, profits, job
satisfaction and so on. All these factors play a crucial role in sustainability of
organisation and positively contribute to growth and development of organisation.
Business practices can be consider as internal factors of TATA Group will have
maximum impact on activities and functions of organisation. They are very helpful in
achieving desired objectives.
Behavioural and human relation factor: It has be identified that human
relations and behavioural will contribute to sustainability of organisation as well as
growth. Behaviour includes motivation, lifestyle, and so on. It is very important that each
and every employees of organisation is motivated to achieved desired goals of
organisation. Employees should have positive attitude towards working style and
environment of organisation. This will help in improve their performance. Organisational
policies, ethics and regulation etc. are very essential for organisation as it contribute to
sustainable growth of TATA Group company. Human relation includes the way
employees behaviour within organisation. Human relation includes reputation,
leadership, working style and so on. Human relation are majorly concern with channel of
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people as well as all staff member who are working within organisation. All of these
factor will help in foster sustainability growth and development of TATA group. Human
relationship will help in creating positive atmosphere of company and this is essential in
improving performance of employees. When human relations are strong in organisation
there will be effective flow of communicating and efficiently functioning of organisation.
Strong human relations helps in achieving set targets TATA company as well as
contribute to the sustainability.
Chapter 3: Literature Review Conclusion
This section is play a crucial role in undertaking research activities as it provide
in-depth information about the strategies employed by TATA Group for its evolution in
market market. In this information is collected through various sources that help in
making whole research more effective and authenticate as well. With the assistance of
this, investigator easily understand the actual information towards the selected topic.
Along with this, various strategies are also help TATA Group to enhance their growth
level at market place by establishing their competitive image. It also support in attaining
sustainability at competitive market place for longer period of time frame.
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