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Introduction to Biological Chemistry PDF

   

Added on  2021-01-02

11 Pages2387 Words184 Views
Biological Chemistry

Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1TASK 1............................................................................................................................................11.1 Difference Between Polymers and Monomers......................................................................12.1 Structure and Function of Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins.............................................2TASK 2............................................................................................................................................43.1 pH and Buffer and their involvement in Biological System..................................................4TASK 3............................................................................................................................................54.1 Function and Importance of Enzymes...................................................................................55.1 Factors that affects Enzyme Factors......................................................................................6TASK 4............................................................................................................................................66.1 Structure of DNA and its Role in Cell Division and Protein Synthesis and Relation to itsFunction.......................................................................................................................................6CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTIONBiochemistry sometimes called as Biological Chemistry and it is the study of chemicalprocesses with in the living organisms. It is related to the molecular biology and through thismolecular mechanism the genetic information is encoded in the DNA which is part of result oflife processes. This report is providing difference between the monomers and polymer moleculeson the base of examples. The structure of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins is related to theirfunction is explained inn the study. The concepts and importance of pH and buffer, and how theyare involved in the biological system is explained. The importance and functions of enzymes aregiven in report. Factors that can affect the enzymes actions are found in report. The structure ofDNA and its role in the cell division and protein synthesis is explained with related to itsfunction.TASK 11.1 Difference Between Polymers and MonomersMonomersMonomer is a molecule that is the unit of polymer and is one of unit part of protein. Bymaking the different kind of bond these monomers are connected to other monomers to make theseries or chain of monomer which is known as polymer. The monomers can be natural orsynthetic. The Oligomers are the polymers which are consisted of small amount of monomerssub units. The monomeric protein are the small molecule of protein that are combined to formcomplex multi proteins. The bio monomers are the organic monomers which are present in the1Illustration 1: Monosaccharide Glucose(Source:Chemistry: Organic Compounds, 2010)

living organisms (Wetteland and Liu, 2018). Monomers represents the huge number ofmolecules which are differentiated in different groups and that are sugar, Alcohols, amines,acrylics and epoxides. These are some examples of monomers.PolymersPolymer is a large size molecule which is form of the different linked sub units which areknown as monomers. Polymers have usually high melting and boiling point. These are consistsof huge amount of monomers so the molecule mass of the polymers is high. The biologicalpolymers are the large size polymers which are composed with many smaller and similarmonomers which are linked together in chain. These are used in living organism to build tissues.The example of the bio polymer are DNA, RNA and other Proteins.2.1 Structure and Function of Carbohydrates, Lipids and ProteinsProteinProteins are made of the amino acids which have amino and carboxyl functional group.Some of them are hydrophobic and others are hydrophilic. These are formed by condensationreactions which joins the amino groups of one amino acid and other with carboxyl group ofanother. The bond in this process is known as peptide bond (Holmes, 2015).StructureThere are total 20 different kind of amino acids which are existed in different proteinstructure. There are three type of protein structure- primary, Secondary, Tertiary structure andquaternary structure.Primary- 2Illustration 2: Biologocal Polymer(Source: Polymers, 2019)

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