Introduction of an Automobile Engine Piston

Introduction of an Automobile Engine Piston
A piston is an element of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, pneumatic cylinders and gas
compressors out of the other equivalent machine tool. It is movable element that is placed within a
cylinder with piston rings by customized gas fixed. In an engine, the role of piston is to transmit force
stored in expanding gas within the cylinder to the crankshaft with the help of piston or connecting rod.
The function of piston in pump is reverse and here, the force to be transferred from crankshaft to the
piston in order to compress or eject the fluid in the cylinder. In some other engines, piston has a
different role i.e., it acts as a valve in the cylinder which is to be covered by port.
The piston in automobile engine transform the combustion load to a force on crankshaft. Firstly, starts
the piston, gets accelerated and then stops twice in every crankshaft rotation. A large inertia force is
produced by this reciprocating movement of piston. The inertia force completely based on the piston
and high speed of the operating are produced by less inertia force. While the piston is operating, a
temperature reise of around 150 k is developed from the upper part of piston to its lower. Also the
piston sealing rings are to be supported by it. Therefore, while designing the piston it must comprise
between thermal expansion, weight and strength. The piston must be design with sufficient strength so
that it can bear combustion load and reciprocating load, should exist enough length of the flange to
conduct the piston in the drill, should have expansion control to provide long life working capacity and
the piston rings to be hold perpendicular to the cylinder wall.
Figure 1: Basic of engine car piston