Assignment on aircraft PDF
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Added on 2021-06-14
Assignment on aircraft PDF
Added on 2021-06-14
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In the engine construction a crankcase is at the most bottom part of engines which wraps the crankshaft of an engine and ensures that the lubricant floats to the bottom of an engine. It offers maximum protection of the bottom part of the engine and also provides support to the crankshaft.Functions of crankcase Crankcase ensure that the movement of crankshaft is controlled and allow the piston connecting rods move and operate to the correct directionAccompanied with an area of pressurized lubrication which controls friction between metals during contact and their movements[CITATION Ken171 \p 270 \l 1033].Its controlled volume is vented to ensure that air displacement by reciprocating piston is controlled and maintained.Crankcase wraps and protects moving parts from moisture and dirt and also it protect people from reaching moving parts.The crankshaftThis is a part of an engine that helps in converting a horizontal reciprocating movement of the piston into a rotational motion. This achieved by joining the piston to the crank throws as offset from the axis at the Centre of crankshaft rotates around the axis. The crankshafts are made of forged steels. The crankshaft is machined to produce the crankshaft bearing and connecting rod bearing surfaces. The rod bearings are eccentric and convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotary motion of the crankshaft[CITATION Dav093 \p 198 \l 1033 ].
SumpsThis is a low lying space underneath the engine that is designed to perform the following FunctionsStorage of engine oil for lubrication within the lubrication system.Collecting the oil draining from the sides of the crankcase walls.It provides a central storage area for any contaminants liquids such as water.Provision of a short recovery period for the hot churned –up and aerated oil before it is re-circulated in the lubrication system.It ensure that there is intercooling between the hot oil inside and the air stream that is outside.Accessory gear boxThe accessory section of an engine that facilitates the provision of a mounting place for the master control, fuel injection pumps and engine-driven fuel pump, oil filter and oil pressure reliefvalve. It gives mounting drive shafts and enhances a favorable bronze brushing found in the rear section and diffuser. The extension shafts to the rear section improve their fitting with the suitable gears which enhance power takeoffs[CITATION Jim11 \p 121 \l 1033 ].Cylinder and pistonA piston is a component of a reciprocating engine. It is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. The primary function is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinderto the crankshaft through piston rod.
In reciprocating engine cylinder that act as a central working part thus creating a fovurable area for a travelling piston. A piston is seated inside each cylinder by several piston rings. The rings make near make contact with the cylinder walls riding on thin lubricating oil. This preventing theengine seizing thus making a cylinder walls more durable[CITATION AlS10 \p 248 \l 1033 ].1.Valve mechanism and timingValve timing is the precise timing of the opening and closing of the valve. The internal combustion engine is usually poppet valves and slide valves for steam engines. In a reciprocating engine, the valve is timely open, open for a specific period and sealed when necessary. Each valve has got its chance to open in that the intake valve open first even before the piston arrives at the top dead center and maintain its openness even after arriving at the top dead center. the valves simultaneously open at the final exhaust and from the start of the intake stroke.The valve operating mechanism that is made up of a cam ring or camshaft that is made of lobes that works against a cam follower. The push rod pushed by a com follower while the action of ball socket on a rocker arm leads to the opening of the valve. the valve spring retaining washer and stem key hold the slip spring in a proper location while close every valve and push the valve mechanism in other direction[CITATION Tim121 \p 177 \l 1033 ].2.Cooling and exhaust systems of an engineThe cooling system of an engine can be achieved through the following methods. Air cooling systems, water cooling systems .Air is cooled when the cool air enter the engine compartment using front engine cowling as the entrance.the heat is absorbed by the air in the part where the
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