Introduction to Information Technology in Organization

9 Information technology benefits and drawback for organisation.10 CONCLUSION 11 REFERENCES 12 INTRODUCTION Information technology can be define as a study of computers as well as different applications related to technology (Agovral and et.al., 2013). This is very helpful in conducting business activities in effective and efficient manner as it save time and efforts of employees. Information technology should be used in correct and accurate manner as it can have major negative impact on business when it is not used in proper way.

Introduction to
Information
Technology

ABSTRACT
Information technology is very important part of organisation as it helps in enhancing
performance as well as productivity of employees. It helps in saving time and effort of
employees and completion of task in faster manner. There are various ethical and social issues
that can have impact on operational of organisation. It is essential to resolve these issues in order
to conduct business activities in effective and efficient manner. There are different types of
networking technologies that lead to effective and efficient flow of information. Internet and
intranet both are very effective way to connect and exchange information in order to conduct
business activities. System development life cycle is a process which is significant for creating a
useful system. IT will have different advantages as well as drawbacks on organisation.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Identify the role of IT in the success or failure of organisation.............................................4
Ethical and social issues that pertain to running of business. ................................................5
Differentiate between types of networking technologies.......................................................6
Importance of internet and intranet in business......................................................................8
Explain different stages of system development life cycle....................................................9
Information technology benefits and drawback for organisation.........................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Information technology can be define as a study of computers as well as different
applications related to technology (Aral and et.al., 2013). This is very helpful in conducting
business in effective and efficient manner as well as achieving goals and objective. Information
technology includes hardware as well as software application that improve the work quality and
help in computing work in right time. Company chosen for this report is Holiday Inn. This
organisation is dealing in hospitality service sector and providing its products and services to
different parts of the world. Holiday Inn hotel was established in 1952 and founder of this
company was Kemmons Wilson. This company is providing various services such as food
services, lodging, conventions, hotels and many more. This report include the role of IT function
in success and failure of organisation as well as ethical or social issues that have impact on
functioning of respective organisation. Different types of networking technologies has been
identified as well as importance of internet and intranet for business. Impact of information
technology on respective organisation.
Identify the role of IT in the success or failure of organisation.
In modern world, Information technology play a crucial role in growth and
development of business. This is very helpful in conducting business activities in effective
and efficient manner as it save time and efforts of employees. Information technology
should be used in correct and accurate manner as it can have major negative impact on
business when it is not used in proper way. This is very important for Holiday Inn company
to effectively use information technology in order to gain competitive advantages over other
rival company. Role of IT in success of Holiday Inn organisation is mention below.
Organisational communication: Information technology is essential in improve flow
of communication within organisation (Bawden and Robinson, 2015). Holiday Inn is a
multinational organisation and it is important that each and every employees is well aware
about ideas and information. So Information technology help in providing various platform
of communication such as email, audio and video calls, conferences and many more.
Operational activities: Information technology used by Holiday Inn hotel is very
useful in improving daily operational activities. This provide different software that improve
the effectiveness as well as efficiency of employees working in organisation. Information

technology such as innovative infrastructure and machines is helpful in competing task is
cheaper and quicker manner as well as save time.
Customer Experience: Holiday Inn company is able to providing fast and effective
services to it customers through use of new and innovative information technology
applications such as cloud data management (Feng and et.al., 2013). Company can save
data and information of its customers and clients as well as use in effective manner.
Technology is very helpful in interacting with customer as well as develop strong
relationship with them.
Resource management: There are various resources of Holiday Inn company which
is difficult to handle manually as well as very time consuming. Information technologies
such as recording data online play a crucial role in management of important resources as
well as use in effective and efficient way.
Ethical and social issues that pertain to running of business.
There are various ethical and social issues that is faced by company and these issues will
have major impact on successful running of organisation. Ethics can be define as a principles
which govern the behaviour of person as well as affect activities. Social issues refers to all
those problems that has influence on individual as well as society. There are different ethical and
social issues which can have negative impact on business activities. Various social and ethical
issues that is faced by Holiday Inn company while conducting its business activities are mention
below. Data Privacy : It is very important to maintain and protect privacy of customer and
clients of Holiday Inn. Privacy is consider as an ethical issues as it destroy personal
information of an person. This issues majorly occurs when data and information is with
wrong person and it increase the chances of misusing of information and data. Harassment: This is a very serious social issues which is affective lives of many people.
Harassment practices effect personal and professional live of individual and Holiday
company is responsible for managing as well as controlling harassment activities ( Long,
2018). This is a crime and illegal practices and respective company should take steps to
protect its employees and customers form harassment practices. Discrimination: Discrimination refers to prejudicial treatment giving to a person due to
difference of background and categories of person. This includes all those bias and unfair

activities with a person because of their gender, race, religion, colour and many other
factors. Holiday Inn company should not conduct this unfair practices with its customers,
clients and employees in order to resolve this social issues. It is responsibility of
respective company to provide equal opportunities to its employees irrespective of their
background.
 Decision making: Holiday Inn company have to take various important decisions for
growth and development of business. It is important that respective company take correct
and appropriate decision which does not harm any person. Decision making is a ethical
issues because wrong and unethical decision take by company can have negative impact
on many person as well as society ( Marchewka, 2016). Respective company should take
all decisions while considering morals and ethics of business.
All of these are the major social and ethical issues which can affect successful running of
business. So it is important that manager of Holiday Inn consider these issues serious and try to
resolve them. This will help very helpful in developing strong brand image as well as
relationship in market area.
Differentiate between types of networking technologies.
Networking technologies includes all those applications and technology which allows
flow of data and information from one point to other. Networks can be describe as a devices
which is able to collect and provide information. It is a medium of connection between different
set of devices. This is majorly used for exchange of data between large and small information
systems ( Nanehkaran, 2013). Networking technologies is helpful in accessing internet as well as
printing of documents and downloading information. These technologies can be considered as a
backbone of business activities as it is spread over large area across the globe. There are different
networking technologies which is commonly used and help Holiday Inn company to conduct its
business operation in effective and efficient manner.
Differentiate between different type of networking technologies is given below.
LAN WAN WLAN MAN PAN
LAN refers to
Local Area
Network and it is
This refers to
Wide Area
Network which is
WLAN stands for
Wireless Local
Area network.
This type of
network can refer
to Metropolitan
PAN is a Personal
Area network.
This is controlled

a devices which is
used to connect
relatively shorter
distances. This
type of network is
used in offices,
schools and home
network
connections. LAN
network is owned
and controlled by
a single person.
used for larger
physical distance
area. WANT area
network includes
Internet and this
is considered the
largest network.
This is very
different from
local area
network as it is
not managed and
controlled by a
single person.
This network
devices function
like LAN but it is
wireless. Example
of Wireless Local
Area Network is
WiFi. This is also
used for
business , homes
and school
networks which is
easily controlled
and managed by a
single person.
WLAN networks
does not requires
any physical data
cable in order to
connect with
network.
Area Network.
This type of
network devices
are larger than
Local area
networks but
smaller than Wide
Area networks
( Piotrowicz and
Cuthbertson,
2014). MAN
networking
technology is
majorly used for a
particular region
or geographical
network area.
This type of
network is owned
and controlled by
a single person or
a particular
company.
Ownership and
maintenance of
this network is
hold the company
which is
providing
network
connection to a
and owned by a
single person who
is owner of that
devices. Personal
Area Network is
surrounded by an
individual. In this
network area a
wireless personal
area network
could be created
such as Bluetooth
devices.

specific
geographical
region.
These are the different networking technologies which could be used by Holiday Inn
company. Each and every networking technologies is very different form each other and it has
various other benefits.
Importance of internet and intranet in business.
Internet and intranet both is very different form each other as well as have their own
benefits and advantages ( Rainer and et.al., 2013). Internet is a connection that is used to connect
different networks and it can be access form anywhere. This can be consider as a public network
which could be used by anyone form anywhere. Internet is providing its services many people in
order to collect unlimited information and data. Intranet can refers as those internet which is used
privately. This is a private network area so anyone can not access this network. There are limited
number of people who have right and authority to use intranet. Both internet as well as intranet is
very useful for Holiday Inn company and its important in context of respective organisation is
mention below.
Importance of Internet:
 Internet is helpful in collecting information as well as researching about any topic. This is
full of data and useful information that will help Holiday Inn company to conduct
business activities in effective and efficient manner.
 Holiday Inn company can identify new market trends and environment through internet
in order to gain competitive advantage over other rival companies.
 Internet provide more marketing opportunities to business by providing information
about products and services provided by Holiday Inn company.
 This is helpful in providing support to customer as well as developing better relationship
with them.
Importance of Intranet:
 Intranet is helpful in enhancing internal communication as employees and staff members
can easily communicate with each other.

 This is important in keeping privacy as well as protection of data as no information can
be pass outside Holiday Inn company through use of intranet.
 Intranet is important in encouraging employees and improving collaboration to work in
better manner.
 This leads to creating an engaging content as well as developing better working
environment for employees of Holiday Inn hotel.
Explain different stages of system development life cycle.
System development life cycle can be define as a framework which consist of different
steps that is required to develop an effective system ( Schnoll, 2015). This life cycle includes all
step of process of developing a system which is able to meet with requirement of customers.
Stages of system development life cycle is mentioned below.
Illustration 1: System development life cycle
Source: System development life cycle (SDLC), 2019.

Planning: This is the first phase of system development life cycle and in this various
resources, cost, time and other important things are determined in order to develop a useful
system. Plans are developed which is required to develop an effective and efficient system.
Systems analysis: At this stage requirement of customer is analysed in order to meet with
the needs of clients and customers. This stage helps in determining all those components that
helps in full filling users requirement.
Design: After analysing needs and wants of customer, system design is created which
includes specific features, operations and other details that is necessary developing high quality
system is proposed.
Development: In this stage of system development life cycle a proper system is
developed which is according to needs and requirement of clients and user. It includes actual
production and development of system.
Integration and testing: Integration and testing stage includes combining customers
requirement in actual development of product. This includes test of system which is a quality
assurance that help in analysing whether system is able to meet with clients requirement or not.
Implementation: When system is developed with high quality then in this stage it needs
to be implementation in effective manner. This is a process of moving old system and
implementation of new and updated system so that user can use it.
Operations and maintenance: This is a last phase of system development life cycle and
in this includes maintenance of system as well as adding new features as per user requirements.
Information technology benefits and drawback for organisation.
In today's competitive environment it is very important that Holiday Inn company is
using new and innovative information technology ( Schwalbe, 2015). This is very helpful in
improving products and services provided by respective company as well as save time and
efforts of employees. It is essential to use information technology in correct and appropriate
manner because it can also have some major negative impacts when it is not correctly used.
Benefits and drawback of Information technology on business of Holiday Inn company is
mention below.
Benefits of information technology

Information technology of Holiday Inn company has helps in increasing its performance
as well as enhance its productivity. Information technology is helpful in improving speed of
work with less manual efforts of employees.
This improves the communication flow within respective organisation as information
technology provide various tool and techniques to communicate such as phone call, video
conferences, mails as well as instant messages.
It is beneficial in collecting and storing large number of data for longer time period.
Holiday Inn company can improve data storages as well as effectively manage files of business
which is very time consuming process from manual management.
Drawbacks of information technology
Major drawback of information technology is that it is very cost consuming and Holiday
Inn company will require huge cost to invest in updated and innovative technology.
There is huge risk of data security with information technology. There are various ways
through which this technology can be hacked ( Waterson, 2014). This increase the chance of
leaking important information of Holiday Inn company and it can be issued used by wrong
person.
Holiday Inn company have to train their employees regarding usage of new and updated
technology. When employees are not trained they will not be able to use technology in correct
manner. This requirement additional cost to company as training is a costly process.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that information technology play a significant
role in growth and development of business. There are various benefits provided by information
technology that helps in company in performing effective and efficient ways as well as lead to
achievement of organisational goals and objective. Internet and intranet both is very useful for
business as improve productivity and profitability of company. There are different networking
technologies that is very different form each other and helps in exchanging information and data.
Information technology will have both positive as well as negative affect on organisation and its
working.

REFERENCES
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Online
System development life cycle (SDLC). 2019. [Online]. Available
through:<http://www.padakuu.com/article/12-system-development-life-cycle-sdlc>.

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