Introduction to Information Technology

This report discusses the importance of system software, ethical and social issues in the digital world, the role of IT in selected businesses, and application software types in a selected organization. It highlights the significance of IT in the retail market and how it helps employees improve their working skills. The report also includes some of the social and ethical issues that are important to be considered in the organization. The application software used in the organization is also discussed.

Introduction to
information technology

Table of Contents
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Literature review .............................................................................................................................1
Analysis and discussion...................................................................................................................2
Discuss the importance of system software that is essential for every hardware to be operated
or used by any individual or businesses.................................................................................2
Ethical and social issues are increasingly becoming important in the digital world. Identify
and discuss the importance of them to run businesses...........................................................3
Role of IT in selected business...............................................................................................5
Application software and their types in a selected organisation ...........................................6
IMPACT OF ICT ON BUSINESS .....................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
References:.......................................................................................................................................9

Abstract
In this report of Asda there is the the brief summary about the software development and the way
how the software's can be used in an effective way and the tasks of the company can be
completed in the given time period and the life cycle of the software development has been also
explained in the study with the phases. IT has been the strongest wall for the company and it has
helped a lot of employees to improve their working skills with the new technological skills of the
company and then they are at a position when they want to focus on their IT skills which are the
most demanded skills in the new target market for Asda. The report has also included some of
the social and ethical issues which are also important to be considered as important as the skills
as they are the major points which can make the difference in the organisation.

INTRODUCTION
Information technology is the force that is very helpful for the companies which are
dealing in the retail market and one of them is Asda and to get the good working n the
organisation the company uses some of the techniques of the software development and the
information technology, also the employees get their work done with speed when they have the
knowledge about the information technology and are familiar with the processing of the new
technological system of the organisation. The basic skills that are very important for the
employee is communication skill, organisation skill, analytical skills. When the study of the
retail sector market is there Asda is also the emerging in this department and they are in a
position where they are working in the retail sector. When the company employees and the total
authority people know about the basic skills then they are working in an efficient and effective
manner(Sun, Wu and Jeyaraj, 2022).
Literature review
In accordance with the article of Ben Lutkevich, system software is the computer hardware
which is made to have the complete fluency in the application program and this is very important
to know that the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications. In
this article the writer also mentioned that the system software is used to manage the computer
machine.
According to Thompson's article from 2019, every corporate organisation is responsible for
acquiring data and recording information, and information technology plays a critical part in the
success and day-to-day operations of the company. The function of information and
communication technology (ICT) aids the organisation in enhancing performance, improving
customer experience, becoming more productive, and saving money with the goal of improving
managerial decision making and streamlining communications. ICT also aids businesses in
offering data access anytime it is needed. Information technology allows the company to
improve security while also decreasing paper waste and making backups simple. ICT also
enables the company to expand abroad in a simple and cost-effective manner, allowing for
purchases in numerous currencies.
According to Scheck (2016), the rise of information technology has paved the way for
innovation. With the digitization of data, more and more companies are benefiting from digital
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tools that help improve their outlook. In the context of information technology, this has a huge
impact on the business side. It's cloud computing in nature, it's very popular and it helps to
improve the efficiency of your business.
Analysis and discussion
Discuss the importance of system software that is essential for every hardware to be operated or
used by any individual or businesses.
System software is used to manage the company system of working and to make the
employee know about all the new techniques of the computerized system and the system
software also helps in running the background, maintaining the computer's basic functioning so
that the employee have the tendency to work at high level application to perform some of the
tasks. In different words it can be said that software provides a place where the applications can
be on the top in the organisation(Coeckelbergh, 2022)(Buhalis, 2022).
The importance are justifies in a more descriptive manner and some of them are as follows:
 High speed: Speed is very important when there is the working in the organisation as the
employees do have a tendency to work in a efficient manner as the high level of software
also attracts the employees to join the organisation working(Ramšak, 2022).
 Hard to manipulate: It is the process where there is requirement of the programming
language which can be a difficult task for the employees and they will then prefer the
normal working instead of the technological work. The coding is the hard task for the
employees as it is the very precise and tough job to perform in the system of he
operations.
 Written in a low-level computer language: The basic language of the computer system
is very typical and it is the feed in the computer processing unit which is CPU and it is
important that the data is read properly by the system so that the working of the
organisation does not get affected.
 Close to the system: it is the direct link with the hardware that can make the system run
and there is no time taking process to connect with the computer system.
 Versatile: It is important to note that the software system is versatile that means the
computer can adapt all the type of software in the working of the application of the
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computer system. System software must also help the other programs to run in the
computer that are dependent on the change and evolution(De, Dey, Bhatia and
Bhattacharyya, 2022).
Ethical and social issues are increasingly becoming important in the digital world. Identify and
discuss the importance of them to run businesses.
In the digital world there are some of the issues which are very evident to be part of the
organisation's drawback and there are some of the ethical issues which are very essential to be
discussed and they are as follows :
 Design for privacy, security and integrity: Privacy is important in the organisation as
there are so many employees who are working under some or the other circumstances and
all of them want that the data they are making and using in the company must be kept
safe and it should not be leaked or mislead. And due tote theft of the data the company
can also face some of the serious issues which cannot be addressed so quickly as when
the data is lost it takes time for the IT expert to back it up as the backup process is time
taking. There is new creativity in the phone system that the software can also track the
location of the user when the location service is turned off.
 Promote trust: Trust is the most important thing which should be there in the employees
of the Asda company, the workers of the company must rust the senior authority and the
IT system that they are using for their working in the company. The users who are having
the responsibility of managing and interpreting the data must know that the responsibility
is huge and they should be valuing the customers of the organisation. Data integrity is the
essential part of the organisation and also it is analysed that it is important part to sustain
in the marketplace, digital structure assists the organisation to get the details of the
company to use those details for the company formalities and they are like validation,
replication and the companies analytical research. The organisation which are not using
the concept and the normal principles are being facing the serous ethical issues(Peeters
and et. al., 2022).
 Beware of bias: It is considered very essential that the employees and the worker of the
organisation that he must be knowing that what is going to be the results if his working,
is he going to be appreciated for the good performance or not. And this is the
responsibility of the organisation people that they take care of the decision making
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process that any decision should not be unfair and all the members of the company must
agree with that decision, also when the managers and leaders are concerned with this
suitable decision-making process then they are not able to focus on their work and with
this the efforts of the managers are not utilized properly and their efficiency decreases.
In context to asda there are different social issues that are linked to technology as defined below:
Identity theft: In refer with the social issues in the digital world , the most important issue
included is the fraud which is one of the false activity that has been came under the notice with
the internet facility and easily accessible computers. It also includes carrying out the online
phone based transactions and harming the execution that involves some of the major
complexities.
Cyber bullying: With the rising time people are getting to much inclined towards the internet
facility and they are having the tendency to attack someone online by making some of the moves
so that someone can be insulted and made fun of. It majorly includes some serious incidents of
bullying the adults and abusing the child on the online platform which can result in some serious
problem.
Gaming addiction: With the rising time the youth generation is highly getting inclined towards
the internet and gaming facility and they are not getting productive but are getting exploited and
this can also lead to some of the financial and social issues in the organisation as the employees
will not be doing work efficiently and increase the productivity of the company but will just
work for the sake of formality.
Privacy: When there is data feeding done there are some of the fraud cases which affect the
personal problems for the individuals as their it is their personal data information involved and
some of he case which are very high profile personalities and this is the issue of not maintaining
the privacy(Patón-Romero And et. al., 2022).
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Health and fitness: As now the generation people are highly involved in surfing over the
internet so it has affected the people's normal life and have negative changed the lifestyle of the
people's health and fitness.
Role of IT in selected business
The overseas information technology department maintains and installs computer
network systems within the organization. The main role of IT is to run the network more
smoothly and install the right software and hardware that are essential for the proper operation
of features.In the context of Asda, information technology plays an important role in the
collection of data and information and the recording of transactions, as it plays an important role
in the success and day-to-day operation of the company. The role of IT in the enterprise plays a
key role in improving customer experience, improving productivity, improving management
decision making, and streamlining communication.IT makes it easy to deliver a better customer
experience and enables organizations to engage with customers using custom instant messaging,
email, and social media. Tracking a customer's previous purchases helps the organization send
promotions tailored to the customer's needs. The role of information technology plays a crucial
role in decision making and includes tools such as decision support systems and ERP software
that help enterprise managers calculate performance in real time. It is clear that information and
communication technology plays a very important role in industries that want to gain a higher
competitive advantage(Mohamed, 2022).
Information and communications technology has played an important role in strengthening
Albiba Company's brand image and digital presence. It has been observed that technology has
transformed the beauty industry and has had a significant impact on its growth. Information
Technology e encourages organizations like Albiba to personalize their products according to
their needs, and with the help of artificial and augmented reality, helps them choose the best
product. increase. Furthermore, the usage of "try on" apps has made it easier for businesses to
demonstrate clients an experience with their items without really using them. With the use of
information and communication technology, the company was able to boost the visibility of its
products to clients all over the world, regardless of regional borders. With the help of improved
networks and lower costs, information technology has made it easier to store and use large
amounts of data in a timely manner.
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Application software and their types in a selected organisation
The application software is the end user program which is divided into two sections which is
system software and application software. In the report of asda, there are different applications
software which are used in the company and they can be classified in the different elements: Customer Relationship Management Software: This is the software which is used by the
companies which are involved the field sales, managing the agents, teams and the
dispersion of the companies assets. The main motive is to concentrate on the distributing
and managing the data and assets of the company and this process is easy when taken the
help of the software(Lin and et. al., 2022). Insurance workflow automation software: Another application software used by the
insurance company is Workflow automation which is used by the companies for the
purpose to coordinate, arrange, control and monitor the various business process which
comprises of lead management, human resources, marketing and sales. Underwriting software: This software application is employed by insurance dealing
firms, and it is critical in assessing the company's risk in determining the users' life or
health. The major purpose of underwriting software is to manage the insurance
company's underwriting process and to allow employees to set policies and guidelines in
order to reduce natural human errors and protect individual efforts. Claims management software: This sort of software aids insurers in streamlining claim
management workflows, integrating policy administration, managing payments,
automatically generating claim papers, and managing payments.
 Call Centre Software: It enables call centre agents and sales professionals to
communicate with potential and current customers via email, audio, chat, or the web. It
entails the installation of distinct software, telephony systems, CRM software, and VoIP.
Furthermore, it enables direct communication with customers and eliminates the need to
update records separately(Khashman, 2022).
IMPACT OF ICT ON BUSINESS
Information technology primarily aids in the creation of automated processes as well as the
reduction of operational costs in order to save time. Furthermore, information technology
implementation aids in the provision of the ability to access the organization's network.
Information technology aids in the provision of the best tools for resolving various problems and
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engaging with customers. Information technology is regarded as the foundation of software.
Furthermore, information technology has built new paths for open source software, which aids in
the use of tools by a variety of businesses. The impact of information technology installation has
provided the organization with a number of benefits(Joshi and et. al., 2022).
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CONCLUSION
According to the findings of the above survey, information technology plays a critical role in any
organisation, whether small, medium, or large. There was a discussion of several types of
software applications that organisations could utilise to enhance the value of their product in the
aforesaid report. Various ethical and social concerns that are continually influencing the smooth
flow of business in this digital economy were discussed. There was also an explanation of how to
use information and communication technology to increase business performance and improve
customer experience in order to keep customers for a longer period of time. Finally, the paper
discusses the importance of information technology in assisting managers in effectively and
efficiently managing their businesses.
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References:
Books and Journals
Buhalis, D., 2022. Information and communication technologies in tourism. Edward Elgar
Publishing.
Coeckelbergh, M., 2022. The Political Philosophy of AI: An Introduction. John Wiley & Sons.
De, S., Dey, S., Bhatia, S. and Bhattacharyya, S., 2022. An introduction to data mining in social
networks. In Advanced Data Mining Tools and Methods for Social Computing (pp. 1-
25). Academic Press.
Joshi, A. and et. al., 2022. Impact of IT governance process capability on business performance:
Theory and empirical evidence. Decision Support Systems, 153, p.113668.
Khashman, A.M., 2022. The Impact of Electronic Human Resource Management (E-HRM)
Strategies on Organizational Innovation by Knowledge Repository as Mediating Role.
In Research Anthology on Human Resource Practices for the Modern Workforce (pp.
1352-1374). IGI Global.
Lin, X. and et. al., 2022, January. Ideological and Political Teaching Reform: An Introduction to
Artificial Intelligence Based on the OBE Concept. In 2022 11th International
Conference on Educational and Information Technology (ICEIT) (pp. 6-9). IEEE.
Mohamed, K.S., 2022. An Introduction to IoT. In Bluetooth 5.0 Modem Design for IoT
Devices (pp. 33-43). Springer, Cham.
Patón-Romero, J.D. And et. al., 2022. Application of ISO/IEC TR 33014 to the improvement of
Green IT processes. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 82, p.103611.
Peeters, T. and et. al., 2022. The effects of working agile on team performance and
engagement. Team Performance Management: An International Journal.
Ramšak, M., 2022. Introduction: Wine and Technology Between Cultural Attitudes to Alcohol,
Sales, Legislation, and Health. In Social Impact of Wine Marketing (pp. 1-6). Springer,
Cham.
Sun, Y., Wu, L. and Jeyaraj, A., 2022. Moderating role of enterprise social media use in work
engagement. Information Processing & Management, 59(1), p.102793.
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(Sun, Wu and Jeyaraj, 2022)(Ramšak, 2022)(Peeters and et. al., 2022)(Patón-Romero And et.
al., 2022)(Mohamed, 2022)(Lin and et. al., 2022)(Khashman, 2022)(Joshi and et. al.,
2022)(De, Dey, Bhatia and Bhattacharyya, 2022)(Coeckelbergh, 2022)(Buhalis, 2022)
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