This document provides an introduction to information technology in the banking industry. It discusses the role of information technology in the success of banks, ethical and social issues, types of networking technologies, and the importance of intranet and internet in the banking industry.
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Introduction to Information Technology
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3 LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................3 ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION...................................................................................................6 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
INTRODUCTION Information technology is broadly used in many businesses and turned out to make them successful. It istheapplication of computers, networking and physical devices to create, store, process, secure, retrieve, exchange, manipulate and transmit all types of electronic data. Many industries are associated with computer networks or information technologies, including internet, e-commerce,computerhardware,software,telecommunicationequipmentsandcomputer services. Uses of information technology in banking sectors has been continuously increased. Information technology brings the biggest revolution in banking sectors such as Digitalization. Information technology helps banks to provide proper services to their clients in a reliable, secure and affordable manner. In this report there will be discussion onthemajor role of information technology inthesuccess ofan organization like HSBC bank andalso highlights different stages of system development life cycle. This report will also includethesocial and ethical issues that will generate fromtheuses of information technology system. This report will also highlight different types of networking technologies uses intheorganization and various importance’s oftheintranet and internet inthebanking sectors. LITERATURE REVIEW As per stated byDutta, Geiger, and Lanvin (2015)information technology plays a vital role in an organization. Information technology has helped to inquire a particular issues ofthe employees, managers and organization in a more effective and efficient way. IT helps in improvement of productivity and growth of an organization. On the other hand theSchwalbe (2015)contradictsthatinformationtechnologyaffectssecurityofconfidentialdataand informations.Lloyd (2017)supports that It is very useful in an organization to perform various task in a very easier way. Information technology also provides communication technology system in an organization to interact with clients, suppliers and distributors. TheMarchewka (2016)also supported that It is very quick, clear and fast technology to communication and better communication creates a better image . TheBaller, Dutta and Lanvin (2016)contradicts its very expensive process because it requires many costly equipments and devices. According toSenft, Gallegos and Davis (2016)IT also assists in many days to day transactions processing in organization. Information technology has several benefits such as tangibleandintangible.Thesebenefitswillhelpsorganizationtoachieveitsgoalsand
objectives. It will also helpful in making more money and satisfy its clients according to their desirers. On the other hand Schnoll (2015) contradicts that information technology many generates several errors and production cessation. It will also create complexity in operations and may encourages crime and terrorism. As per stated by Sittig and Singh (2015) information technology generates many ethical and social issues in an organization's functions and indecent use of IT can generate several issues of an organization. There are various ethical and social issues that will pertain to running business. With the use of information technology, posting inappropriate post for an organization on social media can lead to legal proceeding and failure of business. According to Avgerou and Walsham (2017) information technology create major issues related to cyber-crime. An inappropriate use of IT to commit crime. This may create big financial losses and also loss of human life. Uses of huge devices can enhance cyber-crime. McKeown (2015)support information technology has several social issues that can interrupt in business development. Information technology may generates violence between customers, employees and organization. Many organizations adopt huge IT systems in its functions and this over dependence on these systems will increases system errors and emerges low data quality. According toXiang, Magnini and Fesenmaier (2015)withthehelp of information technology, multiple data and information can be maintained by single person but its disadvantage is, this will create privacy and security problems. And an individual can hack all data and information’s by gaining unauthorized access. Different types of networking technologies-As per stated by Marchewka (2016) organisations prefers many networking technologies in its operations such as accessingtheinternet, download file from an email attachment etc. Explanation of different types of networks that are use in all organisation.According toSchwalbe (2015)Local Area Network (LAN)is a most basic network. This will connecting various devices withinthesame area. These network connections are creates throughEthernet cables. LAN is classify as wireless LAN (WLAN). Wireless LAN is created throughtheuse of WiFi.Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)is larger than CAN and LAN. These can span an entire city or town. These network is maintain by an individual or a company. As per stated by Baller, Dutta Lanvin (2016)Campus Area Network (CAN)is larger than Local area network and smaller than MAN. It will comprises various LAN's.Wide Area
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Network (WAN)network is more complex than LAN. According to internet WAN can cover entire world and also connects all computers together across earth. As per the statement ofSittig and Singh (2015)Personal Area Network (PAN)is smartest network from all above. These type of network is used by small businesses and handled by an individual from a single device.Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)working like a LAN. And don't require that devices connected through physical cable to operate internet. According to Schnoll (2015) for sustainable functioning of an organization, intranet and internet plays an essential role. Intranet means organization's private network. It will be used and controlled by a single organization. Intranet quickly connects organization's employees, managers and workers. Organization can use intranet for various reasons. It can enhance employee engagement by centralizing and minimizing 'locked up' data. It can quickly and clearly provides personalized data to users according to their role. Intranet can improve communication between employees. It will also help in spreading organization charts and company news arccos organization. It provides an employee to access of important information like company's policies, rules, regulation of an organization, company updates and employee's benefits policies. It will also enhance company's bottom line by engaging their workers and employees. Intranet also provides a secure and safe platform for storing, developing and accessing electronic data. On the other hand the Avgerou and Walsham (2017) contradicts that it can spread various unnecessary information in working environment. Dutta, Geiger and Lanvin (2015) support internet plays a vital role in any organization. Internet provides various opportunities to business such as networking, sales and marketing facilities by providing grand platform and this can also attract customers from various destinations or areas. They also assist in providing quick and clear communication facility to organization's employees to connect with world. Organization can use internet to fulfill their distant clients needs in a very fast way. Companies can also use internet to collect much information about their clients desires and government regulations regarding its organization. It will generate awareness amongst them. On the other hand the Schwalbe (2015) contradict that internet has increases many unnecessary and fraudulent activities in organization. Stage of system development life cycle-Perfect system makesthedevelopment process is very smooth. Perfect system also helps an organization to producing an advanced quality part of software. As per stated by Schwalbe (2015) There are usually six stages of system development
life cycle such as planning, analysis, system design, testing and development, implementation or coding,documentationandevaluation.Allstagesofsystemdevelopmentlifecycleare interlinked with each other. The first stage is planning.Analysisis first stage of system developmentlifecycle.Inthisstagestakeholders,managersandusersareinvolved. Stakeholders, users and managers are collects requirements or desires fromtheclients. They will analysis all requirements and works accordingly.System Designworks according to requirement specificdocument.In this stage, software and systemwill be designed onthebasisof requirements. This stage will be prepared according tothefirst stage. System design can help in identifying hardware and software needs and specify system architecture. In thisDevelopment stage work is divided into units and proper development is begun. This stage of system development life cycle is very longest from all. This phase is completed through immense hard- work and clear dedication of developer. Testing,In this process all developed elements are tested onthebasis of all requirements and also tested new information system's work ability as compared to existing system. It made sure flawless work of information system. Afterthesoftware development, process ofSystem Implementationis start. After testing of information system,thesoftware is absolutely ready for implementing.Maintenanceis required when customers start usingthesystem. Maintenance of thesystem can be done from time to time. This stage is totally depends on customers' feedback. This process will include resolving errors and issues which may occurs even after all processes. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION Role of information system in success of banks like Barclays- Information system has helped banking industry to complete various challenges. Many banking industries are going towards the latest technologies to grow in completive market environment. Information technology provides flexible structure to Barclays. It will also help in costreductionandalsogenerateseffectivecommunicationbetweenpeopleandbanking institutions. Increment in approach- Information technology enables proper market infrastructure, implementation of proper technologies for reduce risks, smoothly product development and assists clients to reach long diversified market.
E-Banking- Barclays have updating their services with information technology. E-Banking includes electronic fund transfer facility through which customers can transfer their money from one country to another country with use of various devices. It will generate flexibility in banking functions and its very beneficial for customers. With e-banking technology,theburden of large account registers and huge paper works has been reduced. Plastic money and remote banking- It has offers several services to its customers- credit card and debit card facility, ATM, Demateaccounts,telephonebanking,e-cheque,internetbankingandelectronicdata interchange. Withtheinvolvement of information technology in Barclays, it reduces frequent client visits to bank. It also helps in promotion of many banking schemes. It will attracts customers through 24\7 services, customers withdrawal their cash from any branch and clients also does online payments. Ethical and social issues of information technology inbanking industry- Information technology create many ethical and social issues in Barclays functions. There are several ethical and social issues that will influence banking operations negatively. InformationtechnologyhasdifferentsocialissuesthatcaninterruptinBarclays's development. Information technology may generates violence between customers, employees andorganization.Withinformationtechnology,multipledataandinformationofbanks operations can be managed and maintained by single person but its disadvantage is, this will create privacy and security problems for a customer because that person can fraudulently use all information or data of customer. Improper use of IT can generate several issues for Barclays (financial services' company). Information technology produce large issues related to cyber-crime. With use of information technology, spreading inappropriate schemes of banking on social media can lead to lawsuits. It can also liable to failure of operational activities of Barclays. Wrong use of information technology to commit crime related to money transfer, investment activities, loan processing and fraudulently uses of credit card. This may generates big financial loss for a banking industry and may also loss of human life.
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Various banking industries adopt many IT systems in its operations and activities and this excess dependence on these systems will create system errors and produce low data quality. Types of networking technologies that are used in banking- Bankingindustriesoptsmanynetworkingtechnologiesinitsvariousoperations. Statement of different types of networking technologies that are used in maximum banking sectors. Personal Area Network (PAN)- The smartest and basic network for concluding banking operations. These type of network is used by many banking industries and their branches and maintained by a manager of a bank from a single device. Wide Area Network (WAN)-On the basis of internet WAN can cover the entire earth. It can connects all computers from different banking branches across the world. This network is very difficult to operate and also its application is more critical than LAN (Marchewka, 2016). Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)-These type of networks similarly works like a LAN. Through which all the devices of banking industry connected through Wi-Fi. It doesn't requires physical cable to operate network. Campus Area Network (CAN)-It will includes various LAN's. Campus area network is bigger than Local area network and smaller than MAN. Local Area Network (LAN)-LAN is categorized as wireless LAN (WLAN). It is a most elementary network. These network will connect the diverse devices within the same town or area. Its connections are creates through the Ethernet cables. Wireless LAN is operated through the exercise of WiFi. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)-These network can cover the distance of an entire city or town. These network is handled by a single user or a company. It is bigger than CAN and LAN. Importance of Intranet and Internet inBarclays bank For the proper functioning of an Barclays, intranet and internet plays an necessary role. Intranet helps to quickly connects the Barclays's employees, managers and workers. Intranet means Barclays personalized network. It will be used and controlled by a personally. Banks can use intranet for several reasons- Intranet can provides an employees and managers to access of essential data like company's policies, rules, regulation of a banking industries, company updates and employee's benefitspolicies. Intranet can also helps in improvement of communicationbetween the
employeesofBarclays.ItwillalsohelpinspreadingBarclays'simportantnewsand informations. Intranet will also enhance Barclays bottom line by engaging their workers and employees. Internet plays a crucial role in banking industries. It provides many opportunities to Barclays to enhance their network worldwide also facilitate its services to distant clients. Banking industries use the internet to quickly approach to their clients (Senft, Gallegos and Davis 2016). Barclays uses internet services to gather much data and information about their clients requirements. Internet helps in providing quick communication hospitality to the Barclays employees and customers to grow worldwide. Stage of system development life cycle- Perfect system is very necessary in any banking industries. This will helps Barclays to advance their technology. There are six stages of system development life cycle such as analysis, system design, planning, implementation or coding, testing, development and documentation. Planning-Company will plan about the resources so that they can efficiently use them. Analysis- This is the first stage of system development life cycle. In this stage Barclays stakeholders, managers and users are involved. System Design-In this stage, Barclays designed the software and system on the basis of the requirements. System design can help in distinguishing requirements in banking sectors. Development-This stage of system development life cycle is very lengthy. Barclays conducted this through huge hard-work of their developer. Testing-In this process banking industries tested all the developed elements and analysis new information system's work culture. It will enhance the great work in Barclays. System Implementation-the process of implementation is start after the testing. If all are resultant better than bank will implement it. Maintenance- Barclays will conduct this process when clients start using the system. Bank will do this activity according to clients desire. CONCLUSION From the above study it is concluded that information technology have essential role in the success of any banking industries. Information technology helps the Barclays in all operational activities. It helps in enhancement of organization's development. But information technology
may also occur various ethical and social issues in banking industries, that will affects Barclays functions and operations. It can also be concluded that networking technologies plays a vital role bank's growth and success. Internet and intranet affects the banking industries in both positive andnegativeways.Thedevelopedsysteminanorganizationessentiallydevelopedthe productivity in industry and by adopting this process Barclays motivates their employees effectively.
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REFERENCES Dutta, S., Geiger, T. and Lanvin, B., 2015. The global information technology report 2015. InWorld Economic Forum(Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. P80-85). Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Lloyd, I.J., 2017.Information technology law. Oxford University Press. Marchewka, J.T., 2016.Information technology project management: Providing measurable organizational value. John Wiley & Sons. Baller, S., Dutta, S. and Lanvin, B., 2016.Global information technology report 2016. Geneva: Ouranos. Senft, S., Gallegos, F. and Davis, A., 2016.Information technology control and audit. Auerbach publications. Schnoll, H.J., 2015.E-Government: Information, Technology, and Transformation: Information, Technology, and Transformation. Routledge. Sittig, D.F. and Singh, H., 2015. A new socio-technical model for studying health information technology in complex adaptive healthcare systems. InCognitive informatics for biomedicine(pp. 59-80). Springer, Cham. Avgerou, C. and Walsham, G. eds., 2017.Information technology in context: Studies from the perspective of developing countries: Studies from the perspective of developing countries. Routledge. McKeown, P., 2015. Information technology and the networked economy. Xiang, Z., Magnini, V.P. and Fesenmaier, D.R., 2015. Information technology and consumer behavior in travel and tourism: Insights from travel planning using the internet.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,22, pp.244-249.