Issues affecting trustworthiness of a Research Study

Compare Validity, Reliability, and Accuracy in Studies Several issues can affect the trustworthiness of a research study. Evaluating research requires that you can identify the researcher’s primary goal (exploratory, explanatory, descriptive, predictive, or action), the researcher’s specific purpose, the worldview (ontology and epistemology), the nature of the researcher-participant relationship, the rigor attached to the design, and the measures taken to ensure quality during and after data collection. Such techniques as triangulation (four types) within the overall design and the means used in data processing (saturation, bracketing, replication logic, etc.) must be assessed. Quality in research is related to methodological consistency, logical consistency, researcher skill, design choice, ethical researcher behavior, and rigorous procedures. 

Running head: ISSUES AFFECTING TRUSTWORTHINESS OF A RESEARCH STUDY
Issues affecting trustworthiness of a research study
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1ISSUES AFFECTING TRUSTWORTHINESS OF A RESEARCH STUDY
Table of Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................2
2. Difference between validity, reliability, and accuracy...........................................................2
3. Article 1: Transformation of marketing using big data technology.......................................3
4. Article 2: Security and privacy issues of big data technology...............................................3
5. Compare and contrast the two studies....................................................................................4
6. Conclusion..............................................................................................................................5
7. References..............................................................................................................................6

2ISSUES AFFECTING TRUSTWORTHINESS OF A RESEARCH STUDY
1. Introduction
Credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability are the two significant
aspects of a research paper. The rigour and trustworthiness of the research paper depend upon
these aspects. These aspects depend upon the research methodology which is selected by the
researcher of the article. The techniques which are considered by the researcher in an article
is assessed in order to identify the issues which affect the trustworthiness of a research study.
The difference between the parameters which are considered while understanding the
issues affecting trustworthiness of a research study shall be evaluated in this report. The
report shall also focus on the accuracy, validity and reliability of the use of big data for
consumer analytics. This research paper shall be compared with another research paper which
will be dealing with the privacy issues of the same technology.
2. Difference between validity, reliability, and accuracy
The reliability of a research paper is defined as the degree which determines the
stability and the consistency of the results which is derived from the concluding section.
The design and the methods which are used in the research papers determine the
validity of the research paper. The deployment of diverse categories of variables, tests and
questionnaires can be very much useful to determine the validity of a research paper.
The procedure of understanding how close the sample parameters are to the
population characteristics is defined as the way to identify the accuracy of the research
paper. The tightness of the confidence limits is determined is the accuracy of the research
paper is maintained.

3ISSUES AFFECTING TRUSTWORTHINESS OF A RESEARCH STUDY
3. Article 1: Transformation of marketing using big data technology
 Accuracy: This article was on the basis of reliable secondary data collected from
different sources (Erevelles, Fukawa & Swayne, 2016). The result which is derived
from this article is critically analysed in such a modus so that the impact of this
technology can be understood from both negative and positive perspectives.
Consistencies of the secondary sources were maintained by the researchers while
stating the limitations and future research of the use of this technology within or
outside an organization.
 Reliability: Explanatory research design was considered by the researcher in this
article, as the explanations of the article are supported by theoretical frameworks like
resource based theory. Comparative analysis was also conducted based on the data
collected from secondary sources which proves that the data of this article is very
much reliable. This article does not have any sort of redundant data and each of the
concepts is very well defined.
 Validity: Resource based view was illustrated in this article, at the same time
inductive reasoning was considered in this article as well. The sample parameters of
this article were chosen with the help of three different propositions. The secondary
sources were given professional acknowledgement in this paper as well.
4. Article 2: Security and privacy issues of big data technology
 Accuracy: Like the previous article, this article considered secondary data from
various reliable sources (Zhang, 2018). Consistency of the results is maintained in this
as it described both the existing challenges of this technology as well as the
drawbacks which is currently being faced by the users of this technology. However,

4ISSUES AFFECTING TRUSTWORTHINESS OF A RESEARCH STUDY
the data in this article is not critically analysed, hence the researchers has not shown
their critical thinking skills in this article.
 Reliability: Exploratory research design was considered by the researchers of this
article, as a result, this research paper is very much flexible and can lead to future
studies. The sources which was considered in this article is very much reliable and
taken from different perspectives such as internet sources and government databases.
There are few redundant data which is there in this article as well.
 Validity: Both the personnel privacy issues and the organizational privacy issues of
the big data technology was discussed in a brief modus in this article. All the
secondary resources which is considered in this article has been credited in the
reference section. However, this research paper is not very much sound are there no
real solid claims or recommendations of the ways by which the security issues of this
technology can be addressed.
5. Compare and contrast the two studies
 Accuracy: The accuracy of article 1 is better as compared with the second article
as it conducted a critical analysis of each of the discussions. Consistency of results is
maintained in article 1 whereas the second article lacked consistency.
 Reliability: Two different types of research designs was considered in each of the two
papers such as the explanatory and exploratory design. However, the discussions of
article 1 is supported by theoretical frameworks but there are no supporting materials
in article 2. Article one also conducted comparative analysis whereas article 2
collected data from a wide range of sources. The data of article 1 is much more
saturated than article 2. Thus, it can be said that the reliability of article 1 is much
more than article 2.

5ISSUES AFFECTING TRUSTWORTHINESS OF A RESEARCH STUDY
 Validity: Validity of article 1 is understood using the inductive reasoning process,
and the sample parameters. Three different propositions are considered in article 1
whereas article 2 has only one proposition. Secondary sources were given proper
acknowledgement in both the articles. Lack of solid evidence in article 2 is one of the
prime limitations of this article. Thus, it can be determined that the validity of article
1 is much more than article 2.
6. Conclusion
Trustworthiness and rigours of research can be maintained with the help of credibility,
dependability, conformability and transferability. Stability and consistency help in improving
the reliability of a research paper. Methods used in the research helps in understanding the
validity of a research paper. Accuracy of research can be understood by comparing the
sample parameter and population characteristics of the paper. Based on the comparison of the
two articles it can be said reliability, validity and accuracy of article 1 are much better as
compared with article 2. On the other hand, it can also be said that logical consistency is
maintained by the researchers of each of these two articles. Proper acknowledgements of the
secondary data suggest that ethical behaviour is maintained by the researchers of each of
these two articles. Thus, this report was very much beneficial to understand the significance
of comparing the accuracy, validity and reliability in studies.

6ISSUES AFFECTING TRUSTWORTHINESS OF A RESEARCH STUDY
7. References
Erevelles, S., Fukawa, N., & Swayne, L. (2016). Big Data consumer analytics and the
transformation of marketing. Journal of Business Research, 69(2), 897-904.
Zhang, D. (2018, October). Big data security and privacy protection. In 8th International
Conference on Management and Computer Science (ICMCS 2018). Atlantis Press.