This assignment focuses on the literature search and review of barriers to e-commerce implementation and current challenges of existing e-commerce in Libya. It discusses the importance of infrastructure and security in adopting e-commerce in Libya and provides a list of relevant literature on the topic.
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Running head: IT project Management- Research Methods IT project Management- Research Methods Name of the Student Name of the University
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1IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS Table of Contents Part 1: Literature Search and Review..................................................................................2 1.1 Introduction:..............................................................................................................2 1.2 Literature Search:.......................................................................................................3 1.3 Literature Evaluation:................................................................................................6 1.4 Final List of Literature:..............................................................................................7 1.5 Discarded Literature:...............................................................................................10 1.6 Conclusion:..............................................................................................................11 1.7 Limitations:..............................................................................................................12 References:....................................................................................................................13
2IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS Part 1: Literature Search and Review 1.1 Introduction: The assignment is done for researching about the barriers that are preventing the organizations of Libya to adopt e-commerce. The research is done based on the current findings, existing e-commerce organizations, its limitations and challenges. This research is done with the purpose of providing in-depth idea of current challenges of adopting e-commerce in Libya. The Libyan e-commerce atmosphere is facing many problems. Security is one of the main concerns of the Libyan e-commerce system. This research is done to provide a thorough analysis of the current difficulties that the private companies in Libya face when shifting to the new e- commerce era. The trust of the people is also an important factor while starting up an e- commerce website. The atmosphere in Libya is affecting the smooth operation of the e- commerce startups. The literature search is done with the objective of searching and reviewing the current academic research and peer-reviewed articles. The information gathered from those articles can provide enough idea to propose a research question. The literature is focused on two primary aspects such as barriers to e-commerce implementation and current challenges of existing e- commerce in Libya. There are multiple barriers for e-commerce in Libya. Among these barriers high cost of internet services, credit card insurance and transportation infrastructure are the main ones. The challenges can be mainly trust based and security related as the new web based e- commerce business is quite new for the people of Libya. The security infrastructure is also not up to the mark in Libya which increases the concerns. This creates problem for the current e- commerce businesses as well as the businesses who are thinking of starting an e-commerce
3IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS section of their own. The Google scholar academic database has been used for searching all the required articles. 1.2 Literature Search: This part of the study is focused upon the performed searches in the academic database. The following table has been presented to show the searched question, filters, total result found and assessment. Numbe r Search questionsFiltersResultsAssessment 1E-commerce Adaptation 2015-20182802Searchtermtoogeneric,further refinement needed. 2E-commerce Adaptationin Business 2015-20182102A new source, brought back vast amounts of results. Found a paper, will refine the search to find if the authors have other papers. 3E-commerce Adaptationin Libya 2015-20182102Theauthorhadpublishedthree papers, but only one was relevant to the topic. 4E-commerce adaptation challenges 2015-2018830Some results weren’t specific to websites.Afewgoodsources appeared at the top of the search results. 5E-commercein2015-2018101Some good results, the best results
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4IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS Libyawere from older sources. 6Economic state in Libya 2015-201875One of the papers contained the title‘BarriersofE-commerce Adaptation in Libya’. That term wasthenusedasalternativeto ‘BarriersofE-commerce Adaptation in Libya’ 7ExistingE- commercein Libya 2015-2018150Usefulsourcesthatarecurrent. Looktorefinethissearchterm further. 8TypesofE- commerce 2015-2018123Similarresultstotheprevious search,onlythefirst25results were specific to the criteria. Time to use another source. 9E-commerce adaptation process 2015-201846After finding quality papers in the ACM database, a switch back to the IEEE database with the same termwasmade.Theresults weren’ttoodifferentfrom previoussearchesontheIEEE databaseforthetermwithout ’methods’. 10Mitigate2015-201840Searchforspecificproject
5IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS ChallengeofE- Commerce Adaptation management methodologies which haveappearedinprevious searches. 11Securityrisksin E-commerce 2015-201857The data range was expanded as some good results came from the previous search. 12Operationalrisks in E-commerce 2015-2018110No useful papers. 13Howe-commerce ischanging economic state 2015-201883No useful papers. 14SecuringE- commerce against fraud 2015-201834A good source found. 15FraudinE- commerce transactions 2015-20183Refine to more recent papers. 16E-commerce barrier in Libya 2015-201818Few good sources found. 17LibyanCyber Law 2015-201820Notmanyresults,willtryand expand the date range. 18Cyber-attacksat Libya 2015-201845No useful papers.
6IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS 19Impact of Cyber- attackonE- commerce 2015-201885Refine to more recent papers. 20E-commerce challengesin Libya 2015-201826Refine to more recent papers. 1.3 Literature Evaluation: The Information Technology and Communication industry is moving toward the future pretty fast. The technologies are updated and new technologies are coming each year. As the technology is moving in fast pace, the researches done on that particular technology becomes obsolete. Every day something new is added to the ever growing scientific research community. Technologies become obsolete so fast. A product which is in demand in today’s market will become obsolete two years from now. The e-commerce is the future of shopping and most countries have already heavily invested in it. Amazon, one of the world’s leading technology related company is also an e-commerce company. The e-commerce business provides so many benefits to its customers that it has become very popular nowadays. Good quality network and transport infrastructure is very important to sustain an e-commerce business. The host country should have properly connected roadways needed for timely product delivery. Proper internet connectivity is also required as the entire process is online. The population of that country should be able to afford a personal computer or laptop along with a good internet connection for using the proposed service. Both these infrastructure would help to expand the business all over Libya. The people of Libya also wants this new form
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7IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS of commerce to be implemented in their country. This will depend on many factors such as infrastructure and security of the adopting country. This can be estimated once data related to Libyan infrastructure state is gathered and analyzed. This process will help in determining the lacking part of the requirements and help make changes to improve the same and create opportunities for more e-commerce businesses. That is why research is related regarding the state of the online infrastructure is very important. Once the requirement is estimated, the government can implement or improve the systems to accommodate the e-commerce business. The best way to do this by using academic journals and paper related to the Libyan web infrastructure. Research materials and government policy reports are the best way to collect information on these topics. That is why selecting the most recent papers, the best is 2018 to 2019, is the more accurate way to collect the latest and updated data. However, the three year range of searching the research papers is also a good choice. If same kind of two papers are found then the latest one will be considered. The literatures has been selected which are most relevant to the research question. These literature documents have been thoroughly checked and selected based on the number of citations and use in other research journals related to our research topic. Each of these articles talks about the various challenges faced in countries like Libya and how it slows down the process of implementing e-commerce systems there. The selected research paper must be related to at least one of the two primary areas such as barriers to e-commerce implementation and current challenges of existing e-commerce in Libya. 1.4 Final List of Literature: Numbe r ArticlesBarriers to e- commerce Current challenges Searc
8IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS implementatio n of existing e-commerce in Libya h 1E-Commerce in Developing Countries: A Case Study on the Factors Affecting E-commerce Adoption in Libyan Companies, pp.102-115 by El-fitouri, Mohamed Othman 20 2Developing a model of E-business implementation for SMEs in Libya by Massoud, Ali Mahmmoud Elmabruk, MadyaDr Sharifah Meriam, Binti Syed Akil, and Khairunneezam Bin Mohd Noor 7 3Relevance of development of business and electronic-business services in sphere of foreign economic activity of Libya by Ali, Elngar Mahmud, and Panshin Boris 20 4The E-commerce Development and its Limitations in Full Operating Cycle Firms in V4 Countries by Brozyna, Emilia, Grzegorz Michalski, Guenter 18
9IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS Blendinger, and Ahmed Ahmidat 5E-commerce security challenges: A Taxonomy by Al Ladan, Mohamad Ibrahim 9 6Factors Affecting Electronic Commerce Acceptance and Usage in Libyan ICT Organizations by Mrabet, Abdunnaser 20 7An Investigation of Factors Affecting the Adoption of E-payment System in Libya by Elbasir, Mahmoud Hassan 5 8Impression Allocation for Combating Fraud in E-commerce Via Deep Reinforcement Learning with Action Norm Penalty by Zhao, Mengchen, Zhao Li, Bo An, Haifeng Lu, Yifan Yang, and Chen Chu 20 9Reinforcement mechanism design for fraudulent behaviour in e-commerce by Cai, Qingpeng, Aris Filos-Ratsikas, Pingzhong Tang, and Yiwei Zhang 15 10Online e-commerce fraud: a large-scale detection and analysis by Weng, Haiqin, Zhao Li, Shouling Ji, Chen Chu, Haifeng 15
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10IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS Lu, Tianyu Du, and Qinming He 11ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND E-COMMERCE IN LIBYA by Almadani, Alseddig 20 12Effects of service quality on perceived security and customer trust in E- commerce by Rasool, Adil, and P. Rajmohan 23 1.5 Discarded Literature: Total twenty four literatures were selected at the beginning. Six of those papers could not make it to the initial list. The reason of rejection were different such as research done on a well- developed country, the research provides latest information on obsolete technologies, inadequate data and more. A research paper done on a well-developed country like America or England is automatically invalid as such a country has already all the required infrastructure needed to sustain the e-commerce business. A country like America already has all the latest high speed network infrastructure and security protocols in place that can easily support even the high load e-commerce servers and websites. Developed countries also boast of extremely well-connected and developed roadways and airways. They also have access to special and improved waterways for heavy goods transport. So they are able to utilize their infrastructures to expand their e-commerce businesses. A research article on such countries would not provide us with the data that is needed for a country like Libya. For understanding the Libyan condition, papers and articles related to Libya or similarly
11IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS structured or equipped countries should be taken into account. Another factor for discarding of journals is that the information provided is not accurate or it is based on technologies that are not used in today’s e-commerce business and is not supported globally. The third reason for rejection could be incomplete or vague data that has no proper sourcing or cannot be authenticated properly. These data sources are unreliable and hence cannot be used for academic work. The initial list then evaluated and finally a list of twelve papers were made. These twenty four papers were again examined again and only twelve papers were selected after careful studying of the materials in them. These papers are of much higher quality than their counterparts and provides authenticate information researched from trusted sources be it private or government. The final list was created on the basis of how much recent and accurate data is provided into the papers. It was determined that only twelve papers will be selected, that is why few goods paper were cut down from the list. 1.6 Conclusion: It can be concluded that literature review was successful and adequate amount of data has been collected from various papers. The data generated is related to the current state of Libyan e- commerce businesses and the infrastructure available for these businesses to utilize. These papersprovideduswithalotofinformationregardingthestateofLibyanwebbased infrastructure. These papers also highlight the missing parts of the Libyan infrastructure and web security protocols and how they can be implemented. The transportation infrastructure of a country also plays a very important role in e-commerce business as the delivery of the items are done manually by roadways and waterways. So, the availability of good airports, properly
12IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS connected roadways and waterways are very important for the sustainability of the e-commerce industry. The data collected was mainly collected form academic paper and journal databases which can be easily accessed. The data found was deemed enough for the research purpose. As only one academic database was selected for searching the articles, the amount of result found in the literature search was limited. Providing more academic databases would have resulted in more information to be gathered. Only few IEEE research papers cloud be found in the Google Scholar database. To search the citation and patent free papers, the include patents and include citations options were unchecked. The latest papers were taken to keep the information relevant with time. 1.7 Limitations: The primary limitation was the availability of data regarding Libyan economic state and organizations’ policies to implement e-commerce. As no books could be found in the scholar database, only partial data was recovered from the articles. There are very few books written on the topic of Libyan economic condition. The amount of books or journals on the transportation and network infrastructure is also quite less. The Libyan web based or network infrastructure is very rarely documented and hence it was very difficult to find data regarding the same. The data from similarly structured countries with similar infrastructures were taken to get more insight about the lacking part of these infrastructures.
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13IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH METHODS References: Al Ladan, M.I., 2016. E-commerce security challenges: A Taxonomy.Journal of Economics, Business and Management,4(10), pp.589-593. Mrabet, A., 2017. Factors Affecting Electronic Commerce Acceptance and Usage in Libyan ICT Organizations (Doctoral dissertation, Liverpool John Moores University). Rasool, A. and Rajmohan, P., 2016. Effects of service quality on perceived security and customer trust in E-commerce.Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR),5(5), pp.27-49. Weng, H., Li, Z., Ji, S., Chu, C., Lu, H., Du, T. and He, Q., 2018, April. Online e-commerce fraud: a large-scale detection and analysis. In2018 IEEE 34th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE)(pp. 1435-1440). IEEE. Zhao, M., Li, Z., An, B., Lu, H., Yang, Y. and Chu, C., 2018, July. Impression Allocation for Combating Fraud in E-commerce Via Deep Reinforcement Learning with Action Norm Penalty. InIJCAI(pp. 3940-3946).