Knowledge Management Theories and Practices

This assignment delves into the core concepts of knowledge management, examining various theories like SECI model and organizational knowledge creation theory. It analyzes practical knowledge management strategies employed by successful R&D organizations and addresses challenges in motivating employee knowledge sharing. The assignment encourages critical thinking about the role of technology in knowledge management and its future implications.

Knowledge Management & Information system

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Part 1................................................................................................................................................3
A..................................................................................................................................................3
B..................................................................................................................................................4
C..................................................................................................................................................4
D..................................................................................................................................................7
Part 2................................................................................................................................................8
A .................................................................................................................................................8
B..................................................................................................................................................8
C................................................................................................................................................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................11
References......................................................................................................................................12

Introduction
Information system played a significant role in the success of any business unit. This
system provide the required information on time to the organisation. Information system also
helps in the decision making process for the company. Knowledge management also important
for the company. These Knowledge management involves to effectively and efficiently handling
of the important information. Freakomon is one of the leading gaming company in UK. The
company provide innovative and advance technological gaming platforms to their customers
(Power, Sharda and Burstein, 2015). The purpose of this report is that the significance of
information system and knowledge management in the competitiveness of the company. So that
the company can attain their organisational goals ans objectives effectively.
Part 1
A
From the given case study I have observed that the significance of knowledge management and
information system in the organisation. Knowledge management is essential for an organisation
to attain the goals and objectives of the company. Because the right knowledge is to be used by
the company to making their strategic, operational and tactical decision making. Information
system also important for the company. There are a large number of data and information which
are to be used by the company. These data can be sales, marketing, finance, and other
information regarding to the customers. The competitive position of the company is very
important for the company. There are various strategies to be used by the company to gain the
competitive advantage. The Porter's five force model is to be used by the company. So that the
management of the company can knows their actual position and competitive position in the
market. This report also described that the relationship between the various stakeholders of the
company. The stakeholders of the organisation involves investors, shareholder, suppliers,
employees, customers and other stakeholders. This report is based on the Freakomon which is a
gaming manufacture in UK. The company have good competitive position as compare to other.
In this report it has been described that how a company can operate in a competitive
environment. It also explained that how a company can effectively use their information system
and technology to gain the competitive superiority. This report is also explained the key
challenges in the cloud computing. There are various challenges which are to be faced by the

company. The key challenges involves the security and privacy of data, maintaining and
supervision of the system and cost related issues in these system.
B
Stakeholders are the person who are interested and affects the company. There are
various stakeholders which are investors, shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers,
government and the society. For the success of the company it is important that to maintain
harmonious relation with them. It is the responsibilities of a company is that to attain their
organisational target on time. So that company can satisfy the needs of their stakeholders. The
investors and shareholder are those person who invest their money in to the company (Borghoff
and Pareschi, 2013). It is essential for the company that they provide all required information
about the company on time to them. Employees also part of the company so the management can
share the vision and mission of the company with them. It helps to increase their confidence and
performance of their employees. The relationship with their customers is important for the
company specially for a gaming company. Where the target customers are limited and these
customer are useful for the growth of the customers.
C
Competitive position is essential for each and every business organisation. It a position which
provide a advantage over their competitors. Freakomon is console game manufacturing
company. The company have a good experience in the gaming sector (Ward and Peppard, 2016).
They provide creative and innovative games for their customers. Because the organisation
existing product was successful. Apart form that they have different suppliers which are
supplying the various components to them. It is a cost effective method because if they
manufacture the gaming components in their company it can increase the cost of production. On
the other hand the entry in this industry is not easy for a company. And there are few company
like Sony and Microsoft. But their platforms are different from Freakomon. To analyses the
competitive advantage of the company. The Porter's five force model can be used. There are the
explanation about this approach in the context of this company:
Porter's five force model: It is one of the most appropriate approach to understand and analyses
the competitive position of the company. It also helps to identify the factors which affects the
company performance in the competitive strategies and their long run planes (Turban and at el.,
2008).

Bargaining power of suppliers: This is the force which affects the performance and production of
any company. According to this approach in any industry if there are limited suppliers are
available which supplies the goods to the industry . In this situation the bargaining power of the
suppliers are more as compare to the company. They can increase the goods price accordingly.
On the other hand if there are more suppliers in the industry. It means the bargaining power of
the suppliers are limited. So that they can not change the price of the products accordingly
(Chang, and Chuang, 2011). In this gaming industry it is a type of monopoly industry there are
limited manufacturer. But the big giant firms like Sony and Microsoft they have large amount of
capital are not affected by this force. Because they manufacturing all their gaming component in
the company only. But of the company like Freakomon they supplied their gaming materials
from various suppliers. And there are limited suppliers are avail in the market. Therefore the
bargaining power of suppliers are more and they are easily control the price of the gaming
components (Dean and Gottschalk, 2007).
Bargaining power of buyers: This is another significant force for any business industry in the
globe. There are different business sectors which are affected by their customers. If there are
perfect competition in the market. Where the large number of firms are available in the market.
And they provide a homogeneous product to their customers. In this situation the price of the
products are under control in the hands of their customers. It increase the bargaining power of
the buyers. And reducing the power of manufacturers. In the particular gaming industry where
the situation is like the monopoly in the market. Freakomon is one of the leading gaming
company where are the limited competitors. But after the entry of big companies like Sony and
Microsoft and other companies (Dalkir and Liebowitz, 2011). They have to reduces the price of
their products. To reduces this force company follows various strategies and tactics to maintain
their profitability. The company main strategy is to launch hardware of the games at lower cost
and selling the software at a higher price do that they can maintain their profitability level. It also
helps to reduces the bargaining power of the customers. This force affects the company al the
lower scale.
Competitive rivalry: This force is influence great manner on the business of each and every
business organisation. Competitors played a significant role on the profitability and business
strategies of the company. If there are limited competitors in a industry it can low impact of the
business. But if there are more competitors and they offer a homogeneous product to their

competitors (Nonaka, 2008.). It has a great affects the market share as well as offer price of the
product and services of the company. Quality of the product also important for the company. If a
company have a unique and innovative products which is different from there competitors. It can
gives a competitors superiority to the company. In the gaming industry Freakomon have tough
competition among their competitors. Because the company is facing leading multinational
companies. Therefore it is requires to the company that the make and develop an innovative and
technological products as compare to their competitors. If the company provide one of the best
products which can satisfy the needs of the customers at the best price. It can give competitive
advantage to the company. It is also important because they have a good market base which are
their existing product users (Roy, 2012).
Threats of new entrants: This is another force which increase the competition in the market in the
particular industry. These new entrants are depend on the particular business sector and market
structure. There are various sectors where a new company can easily enter on the other hand
there are various market which have monopoly in the market. There are various entry barriers
which are create problem to the company. These market requires a large amount of capital,
technological expertise and experience. Therefore a new company can not easily enter in these
markets. In the console gaming industry it is not easy for a new firms to inter in the market.
Freakomon is one of the leading and more experienced company in this sector (Moynihan,
2008). Apart from that there are other large companies are available in the market with their
advanced products. This force can not influence on a large scale. Therefore company can operate
their business activity smoothly and without any fear from the competitors
(Dumais, and at el., 2016). There are various hurdles which can be facing by the new firms.
These barriers involves large capital requirements, research and development, experience and
other barriers.
Threat of substitute products or services: This is another force of this approach. In a competitive
environment which firms are provide or offer homogeneous products and services to their
customers. The substitute of these products and services are great impact on the demand and
price of the products (Wu, 2008). In this situation competitive strategies to be used to overcome
these types of threats by the company. But in the business environment are regularly change and
the needs and taste of the customers also change after certain period of time. Which can adverse
impact on the various companies performance. Technology absolution is one of a key factors

which can change the needs of their customers. These all impact are also influence the gaming
industry. There are various substitute products which affects Freakomon performance. These
substitute products involves advanced computer including PCs and laptop, tablets, mobile
phones, smart TVs etc. these all products influence the demand and prices of the products which
are to be offered by the company (Yates and Paquette, 2011).
D
The information transformation and revolution is change the working concept in the
companies. No one company escape this efforts. There are various advantage of information
system in the company. It involves reduction in the cost of production, processing and
transferring the products and services to the end users. If a company can use effectively a
information system it can leads to the competitive advantage to them. It not just a computer, it is
more than that. It helps to data and information recognition, communication technology,
automation in the production process and other hardware and software. An information system
and technology are the strategic significance for Freakomon. It can create and develop a
competitive superiority over their competitors . It is changing the way where the company
operate. It is influence the overall process of the company. Form producing a product to the end
customers (Kumar, 2010). The recommendation which can helps to the company so that it can
get the competitiveness in the market. Value chain is important for the company. In this
approach company divides their activities in the technological ans economical activities
(Kulkarni, Ravindran and Freeze, 2006). These all activities are known as value activities. If the
value chain of the company is more effective it helps to develop the competitive advantage of the
company. To make an effective value chain it is important for the company to make and
implement their strategies accordingly. So that they can achieve their goals and objectives in a
more attractive manner. There are various strategies which helps to take competitive advantage
over their competitors. These strategies involves low cost strategy, differentiation, and and focus.
It is also important that to required appropriate information so that they can make their decisions
(Allameh and Zare, 2011).
Marketing and promotional activities are also important to promote their products more
effective. Information technology help to make these promotional strategies more effective in
terms of attractiveness and cost. To collecting these information a company can use online
market survey of there target market. Freakomon requires that design their products according to

their needs of their customers. Once a product is ready for the test marketing the company can
use the different promotional tools. So that the customer can aware about their products. The
social media is an important platform which can be used by the company to promote their
products (Rezgui, 2006). The social media involves Facebook, You Tube, Instagram, Twitter and
other platforms. These all platforms are more appropriate and cost effective for the company.
Part 2
A
Cloud computing is a system of the computer networks. It helps to the each and every member of
the company they can operate this network through internet. This system helps to operate,
control and manage the information and data more effectively. The data and information are to
be stored and assessable by the member of the company. The lines between the local computing
and the cloud computing as the cloud is the part of everything on the computers which are
having a local piece of software. Freakomon is the large firm who makes the games in UK (Chen
and Huang, 2010). This company provides the innovative and the advance technology which
have to provide the platforms for the games to their consumers. Their job defines the key
challenges and roles for introducing better system to maintain the good relationship between
customers. Along with this the manger should respond so that the impact of the challenges can
reduces has to be discussed and have to use the assumptions and strength so that the challenges
can be reduces which is to be discussed.
B
Customer relationship management is important for the company. It refers to managing the
communication and interaction with their current and potential customers. The role of cloud
computing in the customer relationship management to improve the performance of the company
more effectively (Chow and Chan, 2008). There are various challenges to maintain these system
more effectively. There are following key challenges for successful of cloud based CRM for the
company-
Security and Privacy: There are various information and date are saved in the system and server
of the company. These data involved the data and information regarding the customer data like
customer background, address, telephone number and their products to be used. So that there are
various security and privacy issues involves for the company. It is one of the biggest challenges

of the company to secure these data and information form the hackers. There are various rules
and regulations of the government regarding the security of their system. There fore it is
responsibility of the company to make and implementing these policies more effectively and
efficiently (Black, Clemmensen and Skov, 2010). So that that they can secure their data and store
these data for the future.
Continuous monitoring and supervision: This is another important challenges for the company.
In the cloud computing CRM an effective and more appropriate monitoring and supervision is
required. Because a lack of supervision and and monitoring can damage of the cloud system. So
that the business activities of the company can improve (Lu, Kuo and Lee, 2010). To meet this
challenges company requires to make an effective monitoring system so that it can be improved
on the regular basis. The management can make a supervision team which helps to maintain this
system. The readiness of the cloud computing of CRM is required to attain their target in the
right time. A poor monitoring and supervision system can reduces the performance of the
company (Hsu and Lin, 2008). There are various information which are to be stored and assess
by the various department of the company. These information involved sales data, projection
data, marketing strategies and plan, targets according to the time scale and other financial data
which are related to their stakeholders. These data are to be used by their functional department
like sales, marketing, finance, operations and other department of the company. It also helps to
update these data and correction to be done with the monitoring system (Li, Liao and Lei, 2006).
Cost related challenges: The cost of the cloud computing on CRM is another important
challenges for the company. These types of system are costly which is not affordable by each
business. These are various cost related issues involving in this system. These are the cost of
hardware, cost of software (Pauleen, 2009). Cost of regular up-gradation and other cost. The
hardware cost are one time cost for the company. But the software are more expensive. Small
companies are not capable to buying these software. Apart form that cloud computing requires
the regular update and system up-gradation which is also expensive. These system more risky
and the operations are more complex. These system are used by the large corporation.
Therefore it is important for the company to meet these challenges more effectively and
efficiently (Chen and Huang, 2007). For that the company can also take helps of IT experts. So
that a company can improve their performance and productivity and attain their goals and
objectives.

C
It is important for the managers to meet the above challenges and reduces the impact of
these challenges. So that the organisation can work more efficiently. These challenges is required
to overcome as soon as possible. Because it directly impact on the performance and profitability
of the company ((Gottschalk, 2006)). The security and privacy of the cloud computing essential
for the managers. These data and information can be hacked the rival firms and to be used for
their purpose . It effects the private information of the customers which is more important. There
are various policies and rules regarding the security of the system. So that it is responsibilities of
the company they have to provide the enough and sufficient security to the cloud system. There
are various confidential information to be saved and stored. So that the different department of
the organisation like sales, finance, marketing, and other departments for their operational and
tactical decision making. These information involved Financial data, sales data, marketing plan
and other data which also include the background information about the customers. If these
information can be hacked or theft by the rival organisation it can be miss use by them. Which is
not good for them. Therefore it is significant for the company to make appropriate security to
these information. So that these are stored and saved for the long time ((Nonaka, Von Kroghand
and Voelpel, 2006)). Another important challenge is to maintaining and supervision of the
cloud system. In the customer relationship management the data is to be used by the company in
various ways. To identifying and analyses the needs and wants of their customers. So that they
can meet the needs of their customers. To maintaining and supervision of these data the company
requires to make a appropriate system for them. They can appoint a team to effective supervision
and maintaining the over all system (Gable, Sedera and Chan, 2008.). So that they can attain
their target on time. Cost is an important factor in cloud computing. Because there are various
cost involved to operating and maintaining this kind of system. These system are not operated by
each and every organisation. Small business unit are not affordable to these system. Cloud
system are to be used by the large organisation. In the small business unit there are not large
number of data on the other hand in multinational corporation have the large number of data
which is to managed, controlled and stored by these system. So that whenever is required a
member of the company can assess these information in the decision making. Therefore the
company have to make this system is more effective and efficient. So that a company can
achieve their organisational goals and objectives (Sittig, and at el., 2010).

Conclusion
As per the above mentioned report it has been described that Freakomon identified and
analysed the competitiveness in the gaming sector. The company have good experience in the
field of gaming manufacturing. It also described that how a company can get the competitive
advantage over its competitors. The role of information system and information technology also
help to the company to attain their organisational goals and objectives effectively and efficiently.

References
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Online
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Knowledge Management: An Organizational Capabilities Perspective. 2016. [Online]. Available
Motivating Employees to Share Their Failures in Knowledge Management Systems: Anonymity
and Culture. 2016. [Online]. Available through
<http://aaajournals.org/doi/abs/10.2308/isys-50214?code=aaan-site>. [Accessed on 10th
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through <http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07421222.2001.11045669>. [Accessed
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