Law and Legal System: Role and Responsibilities of Public Services

This project report discusses the role and responsibilities of public services in the criminal justice system. It covers topics such as types of law, principles of criminal law, structure of magistrate and crown court, and the route for appeal in criminal court. It also explores different ways to measure the effectiveness of the criminal justice process and how performance data can help in evaluation. The subject of law and legal system is studied in detail.

Law and legal system

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Types of Law.........................................................................................................................3
P2 Principles of Criminal law.....................................................................................................3
P3 Structure of Magistrate and Crown Court..............................................................................4
P4 Route for appeal in Criminal Court.......................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P5 Role and responsibilities of a range of public services and related organisations involved in
the criminal justice system..........................................................................................................4
P6 Different ways effectiveness to measure the criminal justice process...................................6
P7 Explain how performance data can help to measure the effectiveness of the criminal justice
process.........................................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Set of rules and guidelines applicable to the whole nation is termed as law. For the
purpose of implementing laws in the country legal system is established so that systematic,
orderly and predictable mechanism is made in different laws of the country. Laws are applicable
so that a safe and secure environment can be maintained in the society and some amount of
equality can be established (Burazin, 2016). In this project report role and responsibilities of a
range of public services and related organisations involved in the criminal process is made.
Method of measuring effectiveness of criminal justice process is mentioned and evaluation is
made on the performance data.
TASK 1
P1 Types of Law
Covered in PPT

P2 Principles of Criminal law
Covered in PPT
P3 Structure of Magistrate and Crown Court
Covered in PPT
P4 Route for appeal in Criminal Court
Covered in PPT
TASK 2
P5 Role and responsibilities of a range of public services and related organisations involved in
the criminal justice system
Criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions performing
number of activities in order to manage law and justice in the country. This system is
implemented with a goal to rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes and moral
support to the various unfortunate person (Criminal Courts, 2020). Enforcing a effective criminal
justice system is essential to seek control over crime, minimising criminal acts and imposing
penalties for the commission of crimes. Criminal justice in UK is managed by performing
number of public services and some of them are as follows-
Police Department: It is a public agency established with a purpose to maintain law and
order, enforcing criminal law and provide services. Police officers in the society work to prevent
and control criminal activities. They cooperate with prosecutors in criminal investigations,
gathering evidences important to resolve the issue (Gawas, 2017). Roles and responsibilities of
the police department are as follows-
Roles:
 Enforcing the laws in the country so that law and order can be maintained.
 Protecting the public so that no form of injustice can be made with general public and
they are protected against illegal and ethical acts of others.
 Arresting suspected law violators so no more breach of laws and policies are made and
evidence can be collected to prove the guilt in the court.
 Preventing criminal activities by making some laws and charging penalties for any breach
(Jayasuriya, 2017).
Responsibilities:

 Patrolling neighbourhoods so that any illegal act can be accessed before it happens.
 Responding emergency calls so that help can be made when required.
 Writing citations for illegal act so that a case can be prepared and evidences can be
collected.
 Providing all support services to general public for their welfare.
Courts: These are the tribunals where person accused for any criminal act is presented to
decide criminal responsibilities determined by judges. Courts provides fair judgement so that
justice can be provides on the basis of truth discovered. Act in the court is performed through
prosecutors, defence attorneys and judges (Raz, 2017). Roles and responsibilities of courts in the
criminal justice process is as follows-
Role:
 Judges of the court ensures that law is followed all over the nation in the same manner as
it is suggested.
 Decide whether to release offenders before the trial.
 Accept and reject appeals made by general public.
 Oversees trial and sentence convicted people with appropriate punishment.
Responsibilities:
 Apply specific laws and regulations on the presented cases to resolve them.
 Resolving disputes among people with legal and appropriate manner.
 Ensure that limitations imposed by government are uphold.
 Protecting abuse by all breaches of government.
Corrections: It includes services of parole, jail, prison and variety of new punishments
sanctioned. Electronic monitoring and house arrest are some services also included in public
services for maintaining criminal justice (Ruhl, Katz and Bommarito, 2017). Roles and
responsibilities that corrections agencies plays are as follows-
Roles:
 Providing punishments as specified by courts to convected criminals.
 Rehabilitate criminals as and when required.
 Ensure public safety by keeping all the criminals in jail with proper security services.
Responsibilities:

 Agencies providing such services ensures that sentences provided to criminals are carried
in proper manner.
 Social protection is provided so that society can be protected against any form of criminal
act.
P6 Different ways effectiveness to measure the criminal justice process
Criminal justice process is a legal system designed to provide justice and protection for
every member of the society through conviction, punishment and guilty. In the criminal justice
process a case is processed through inception, through trial to punishment. Their are five stages
in this system which are-
 Investigation and Arrest
 Pretrial activities
 Trial
 Sentencing
 Corrections
Following all the stages involves in the process justice is provided to each party involved
in the case of breach of any form of law is provided with best solutions. In order to measure
effectiveness of the criminal justice system crime rate is a suitable method. Crime rate defines
the amount of crime that takes place in a particular time period. Development in the legal system
takes place through formation of new laws and regulations. These new laws and regulations are
implemented through criminal justice procedure and at the each stage effective implementation is
performed. In the last effect is evaluated on the basis of crime rate available in the nation and
modifications are introduced so that changes can be made in laws and regulations. Crime
statistics volume is also a effective method for valuation of effectiveness of the justice system in
the country. In order to control crime rate effectiveness of the justice process needs to be
maintained. Crime statistics volume helps in estimating rate of crimes that can be recorded in a
time duration. Volume of crime helps in defining which type of crime is recorded more, which
country or city is suffering with highest number of criminal records (Stimson, 2016). Number of
crimes related to murder, theft, drug dealing and others are recorded.
Data in relation to crime needs to be recorded and in this relation two major methods are
followed one of law enforcement reports through which crimes that are reported to legal
authority is recorded. When any crime of subsequently cancelled then this record is removed

form legal authority records. Another method of collecting data regarding to crime is victim
study in which true and fair rate of crimes are recorded. Information collected through this
method is recorded and taken into consideration so that effectiveness of the criminal justice
process is improved.
P7 Explain how performance data can help to measure the effectiveness of the criminal justice
process
Performance data means the data related to compliance with the performance standards in
order to ensure that activities are performed as planned and specified. Actual results of
implication of all the laws and regulations are mentioned through performance data and these are
measured with set targets. When standards are set by performance data then base is generated for
performance and all the actions and implication of laws are made. Measurement of effectiveness
of the criminal justice process takes place through evaluating rate of crime, number of arrests and
fine issued, clearance rate and calls received to report a crime.
Their are some other methods can be used in order to measure effectiveness of the
criminal justice process is direct survey, direct observations of social behaviour and various
situational studies. All the data collected will help in generating measurable results on the basis
of set performance data. As time is moving improvement in the criminal justice process is taking
place through new laws and policies. Recording results of past years and comparing them with
current results helps in evaluating effectiveness of the legal process and nay form of variations
will be minimised by taking corrective actions in this relation (Tushnet, 2017). Their are number
of organisations involved in the legal system so that justice system of UK become effective and
rate of crime can be controlled. All these organisations work together so that most effective
justice system is implemented in UK.
CONCLUSION
From the above project report on law and legal system it has been concluded that
effectiveness of legal system is grate achievement for each nation so that a settled economy can
be established. In legal system there are range of public services are provided and to provide
these services number of organisations are involved. Each organisation is available with their
own roles and responsibilities so that a strong and managed legal system can be introduced in
UK. Effectiveness of criminal justice process is evaluated on different basis and data generated
through this evaluation helps in modifying laws which will be implemented in future.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Burazin, L., 2016. Can there be an artifact theory of law?. Ratio Juris. 29(3). pp.385-401.
Gawas, V. M., 2017. Doctrinal legal research method a guiding principle in reforming the law
and legal system towards the research development.
Jayasuriya, K., 2017. The rule of law and capitalism in East Asia 1. In Singapore (pp. 113-134).
Routledge.
Raz, J., 2017. The rule of law and its virtue. In The Rule of Law and the Separation of
Powers (pp. 77-94). Routledge.
Ruhl, J. B., Katz, D. M. and Bommarito, M. J., 2017. Harnessing legal
complexity. Science, 355(6332), pp.1377-1378.
Stimson, C. J., 2016. Hospital Risk Management and the US Legal System: An Introduction to
US Medical Malpractice Tort Law. In Risk Management in Medicine (pp. 69-76).
Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Tushnet, M., 2017. Comparative constitutional law. In The Oxford handbook of comparative law.
Online
Criminal Courts. 2020. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.gov.uk/courts>