Leadership and Management Assignment : Marks & Spencer uk

Leadership and
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
1.Define and difference between the Concepts of leadership and management..............................4
2. Analyse leadership theories.........................................................................................................7
3.Analyse a management development program of Marks and Spencer .....................................10
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management are both synonymous to each other. It is essential for
understanding the concept of leadership in effective management. The leadership behaviour
focuses on building of positive environment at workplace for development and growth of each
and every employee (Bolden, 2016). Leadership is the influencing power of an individual that
makes other groups or individuals to accomplish their targets in specified time. This originates
from formal sources like acquisition of managerial position. Management is a technique by
which an individual plans, organises, leads and directs, and control the various business
operations and activities. Leadership and management cannot be separated and mangers must
have good leadership skills to inspire their subordinates. Marks & Spencer was established in the
year 1882 by two people naming Michael Marks and Tom Spencer. This is one of the greatest
retailer of UK which deals in clothing, foods and household products. There are around 60,000
employees working in this organisation across the world. It operates around 450 stores in 30
countries. This company conducts its business operations in almost all over the world. In the
context of present report it has been discussed about concept and difference between leadership
and management. With this it also gives the analysis of various leadership theories which are
trait theory, contingency theory, behavioural theory, charismatic leadership and transactional
leadership. Along with this, brief description of management development programme
comprising of its various methods has been included.

1.Define and difference between the Concepts of leadership and management.
The practices of leadership and management are helpful for individuals and
organisations success. Leadership is known as the process between leaders and followers. It is
concerned with the ability of leader to influence or inspire followers towards accomplishing
organisations objectives (Bush,2012). This is the art of getting others involved to do something
by convincing followers and employees for achieving goals effectively and efficiently. Good
leaders are either born or made with the continuous process of education, training, development
and self-study. The concept of leadership assist in formulation of vision and direction for the
organisation and group which they follow. Their are three leadership styles related to culture of
organisation,employees and their duties which are transformational, transactional, laissez-faire.
Every organisation adopts different styles depending on the situation. Leadership comprises
primary of four factors which involves leader, follower, communication and situation. In context
to M&S leaders follow consultative leadership style as it provide employees with acitve
participation in decision making process which helps in increasing employee morale and
productivity.
Management is referred to as ongoing process for administration of organisation. This
process comprises of functions related to planning, organising, staffing,directing and controlling
which assist in strategy formulation, coordinating efforts to accomplish objective by optimum
allocation of resources (Bush, 2014). Basically, organisations is composed of hierarchical
structure which comprises of senior managers, middle managers and lower managers. Effective
management leads to accomplishment of objectives by proper allocation of resources. Resources
involves of Marks and Spencer skills of employees, knowledge, expertise, machinery, raw
materials, suppliers, funds, consumers and creditors. Every organisation adopt various theories
depending upon the situation. In context of M&S adopts Mc Gregor's theory X and theory Y
which is motivational theory. M&S lays emphasis on motivating employees by providing several
rewards, benefits and incentives which can be either in monetary or non- monetary terms.
Leadership and management both the terms cannot be separated from each other as
management of function cannot be performed without leadership skills because they are
interrelated with each other (Crawford, 2012). Every organisation is segregated into department
where each is under manager and number of leaders which leads towards attainment of goals
and objectives. Leadership is concerned with persuading individuals towards positive direction to