Principle and Concept of Leadership and Management

This report discusses the principles and concepts of leadership and management, including the different leadership styles and their impact on organizations and employees. It includes a case study of Bentley's hotels and analyzes the leadership styles of the current CEO and candidates. The report concludes that leadership and management are both vital for efficient organizational work and that different leadership styles work differently in different situations.

Principle and concept of
leadership and management

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
1 — Leadership & Management..................................................................................................3
2 - Leadership Styles...................................................................................................................4
3 - Impact of Leadership Styles...................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management goes hand in hand, in an organization. Leadership is needed
to influence employees to work best for their interest in the organization and management is
administrating business operation to its goals. Leadership sets vision and management helps to
implement the plan.
In this report, the case study of Bentley's hotels would be analysed. The different
leadership styles of current CEO and candidates will be identified and their impact would be
discussed further:-
1— Leadership & Management
Leadership is an act or skill to set vision and influence/motivate others to reach that goal.
In an organization they lead employees towards the organizational goal by setting a direction and
motivating them. Leaders should be personal enough to be able to make others follow their
orders. They should be critical thinker and great motivator. In an organization, leadership is a
vital part to be played, it helps in initiating actions by communicating plans and policies to
subordinates and motivates them to reach organizational goal (Al-Daaja, 2017). They provide
guidance and create confidence among team that builds their morale. They also play huge role in
creating a work environment in the organization and creates coordination among team.
Management is both art and science consists process of planning, organizing, directing,
implementing, controlling and accomplishing pre-determined organizational objectives.
Management is essential for any organization to work efficiently. In simple words management
helps in getting things done. It is universal. In the absence of management effective leadership
cannot exist. Management helps in optimum use of resources by putting it in the best advantage
It also ensures effective leadership and motivation for the subordinates and helps in minimizing
industrial disputes which leads to good industrial relations and everything combined leads to the
ultimate goal of achievement of organizational objective.
Management and leadership are often considered as synonyms even though they have
different meanings. Leadership is a part of management, which helps others to set a vision and
help organization to achieve goals (Swanwick, 2019). A good manager always possesses
leadership quality and motivate their subordinates to work with their best interest in the
company's set goals. It builds an environment where group efforts drive the organization. A

management is only effective if the leadership is efficient. Leadership is a people aspect while
management focuses on technical part in the organization. In leadership, a leader gets its
authority through their followers but a manager gets their authority through their delegated
position, a manager is supposed to follow organization's rules, policies and procedures while a
leader is more inclined towards their instinct. These two could be divided as science and art as
management is more on the science side as they follow a planned procedure, and they are more
logical and standard but leadership is more on art side as they do not have to follow a procedure
to get things done by the subordinates, and they might make more personal bonds with them to
motivate their work (Samosudova, 2017). Side by side leadership and management could make a
great strategy for an organization to set and accomplish the goal as desired and set a new
direction for organization to grow effectively and efficiently.
2 - Leadership Styles
Every leader have their own way of dealing with their subordinates, one may take all the
authority while one may delegate everything. Effective leaders may change their style according
to the situation and deal with subordinates as needed in that situation. The Contingency theory
supports the above part as it suggests that in specific situations different style of leadership is
determined (Alheet, and et.al 2021). Situational theory is similar to the contingency theory and
suggests that style of leadership should be determined after assessment of variables like
follower's nature, type of tasks and such other situational variables. According to the case study
the CEO and two other candidates uses different styles of leadership, those styles are identified
below:
Current Leadership:
The leadership style used by current CEO, Diane Bentley is Democratic. He listens well
to the sub-ordinate's suggestions before taking any decision and always ready to help in need.
Democratic leaders are known to be most likely for an organization. They believe in participative
leadership where they consider opinions of other employees and promote team spirit in the
organization. Their leadership style helps employees to be creative and grow. She has lots of
empathy towards her team and with great communication she builds relationship. Before making
any decision she consults her team members and consider there perspective before any decision-
making.

Candidate One:
Candidate one; John Anderson has held leadership role many times before, the style he
uses is Coaching. The Coach Leaders just as name suggests, coaches their subordinates. They let
others do their work with their potential and help them to give them direction when needed
(Sriyakul, and et.al, 2019). They believe everyone has potential to reach their goal and with little
guidance anyone can reach the set goals. This style of leaders are focused on brining out the best
in the people and empower them. As John's case suggests, he is more of “hands off” style, and
prefers to delegate task shows his trusts in his subordinates.
Candidate Two:
Syeda Akram believes power should be retained at highest level of hierarchy in the work
place, this kind of leadership is known as Autocratic. This style of leadership uses approach of
command and control. She wants the decision-making power to be solely remained with her and
the higher level authority, and this case other employees and subordinates do not have any say
and must follow what is asked. Autocratic leaders make their decision based what their ideas and
judgement are, they do not take any inputs or advice from their subordinates and believes they
are superior. In some cases this leadership could be useful such as, if there is a shortage of time
and decision has to be made without the need of input from any other employee.
3- Impact of Leadership Styles
Every leadership styles work differently in different situations in an organization. They
above mentioned leadership style also has different impact on the organization and the
employees, some mights work at a situation and some does not. Here are the impacts discussed
below:
Current — Democratic:
The Bentley's collection of boutique hotels has been successful so far for three decades.
Diane Bentley has done exceptional job in handling her responsibility as a CEO by her
leadership style. She chose democratic leadership and always been approachable to her team and
considered their feedback. In an organization like Bentley's hotels the employees will closer and
personal to them if their suggestions are listened to and implemented. The exchange of thoughts
and opinions in decision-making process are inclusive of brainstorming of the team. This style
influences the productivity of employees and the need for control is also reduced. It also creates

competent environment and the people do their best to showcase their ability (Khan, and et.al,
2020). This type of leaders creates opportunity for their subordinates and help them grow.
Candidate One — Coaching:
Coaching helps employees to have an opportunity of learning in intense way that suits
their needs and give them greater career satisfaction. In an already well-established work place
this practice of leadership nay improve employee performance more effectively and efficiently.
However, as the new branches of Bentley's hotels are being established, this leadership style may
not work and create more issues. For the new business partners of Bentley's business, the CEO
will move around with the guiding team and at work places they need a leader which can guide
them with more authority. Coaching leadership style takes time to establish between the
subordinates and the leader which would be bigger disadvantage for the new team at the new
locations. After everything settles at those locations, this style may work again for the good of
organization.
Candidate Two — Autocratic
Autocratic style used by Syeda Akram for new locations may work good for the
employees and the organization. As employees won't be familiar with new location they might
not be able to contribute in decision-making effectively, so autocratic leadership may help to
avoid any confusion in decision-making. Although this style work initially for the organization
and employees but after sometime this may result in mistrust between the leader and subordinate
and affect the productivity and performance of employees and ultimately damaging organization.
This style can restrain creativity and demotivate the subordinates and as a result increase
employee turnover. This only works when team members accepts the hierarchy and may lack
confidence (Curtis, 2018). If there is a stressful situation then this leadership style could be
effective for the organization.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion of above report, leadership and management are two different words with
different meaning. Leadership is a part of management and for efficient work of an organization
both are vital.
The candidate one and two and the current leader, all were identified with different
leadership styles. Autocratic leadership may work for new locations initially, and coaching might

not work initially but after the initiation the role may change. Democratic leadership works best
for the development of employees as well as productivity of the organization.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Swanwick, T., 2019. Leadership and management: what’s the difference?. BMJ Leader.
pp.leader-2019.
Samosudova, N. V., 2017. Modern leadership and management methods for development
organizations. In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 106. p. 08062). EDP Sciences.
Al-Daaja, Y., 2017. Leadership and management of strategic change. SEA–Practical Application
of Science. (14). pp.237-245.
Alheet, A., and et.al 2021. The effect of leadership styles on employees’ innovative work
behavior. Management Science Letters. 11(1). pp.239-246.
Sriyakul, T., and et.al, 2019. Effect of cultural traits, leadership styles and commitment to change
on supply chain operational excellence. Journal of Computational and Theoretical
Nanoscience. 16(7). pp.2967-2974.
Khan, M. A., and et.al, 2020. The interplay of leadership styles, innovative work behavior,
organizational culture, and organizational citizenship behavior. Sage Open. 10(1).
p.2158244019898264.
Curtis, G. J., 2018. Connecting influence tactics with full-range leadership styles. Leadership &
Organization Development Journal.