Leading a Strategic Management Project

This study analyzes the role of leadership in the change management process within the UK retail industry, focusing on Tesco. It examines the challenges faced by leaders in managing change and recommends competent leadership strategies for Tesco. The study also evaluates the impact and success of the investigative project.

Leading a strategic
Management Project

Table of Contents
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
a) Topic of be investigate.......................................................................................................1
b) Presenting aim, scope and objectives.................................................................................1
c) Justifying the chosen topic.................................................................................................1
d) Formulation of research methods and project structure.....................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
a) Assessing the sources of data and information to support aim..........................................3
b) Data analysis......................................................................................................................5
c) Critically evaluate the determine option..........................................................................13
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................13
a) Critically evaluate the research to enable conclusion......................................................13
b) Recommend a course of action that attain strategic aim..................................................14
c) Critically analyse the chosen course of action.................................................................16
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................16
a) Present the medium to present the results of project........................................................16
b) Recommendations............................................................................................................17
c) Critically investigate the impact and success of investigative project.............................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................20

TASK 1
a) Topic of be investigate
The selected topic for this study is “To assess the role of leader in change management
process within UK retail industry: A study on Tesco”.
Background:
Leadership is defined as the action of directing and leading a group of people to
complete a specific task of the company and attain a particular objective. For the business to be
successful the most essential thing is to lead the employees in such a manner that all the work
and activities of company are attained as per requirement (Alqatawenh, 2018). Change
management refers to as the process through which any change is being implemented in the
business. With respect to implementing change in company leadership is required to a great
extent. The rationale behind this, leaders provide employees with clear pathway through which
change can be implemented and contributes in their growth. The present report is based on
Tesco, a British retailer in UK, which deals in grocery and general merchandising. The current
report will outline the impact of leadership at time when company undergoes any change along
with challenges faced by leader in managing change.
b) Presenting aim, scope and objectives
Aim: To analyze the role of leadership in change management process within UK retail
industry: A study on Tesco
Objectives:
 To develop understanding about the concept of leadership and its significance within
firm.
 To examine the role of leadership with regards to change management within Tesco.
when company
 To assess the challenges which leader face while implementing change within Tesco
 To recommend competent leadership strategies to Tesco for managing change
prominently
c) Justifying the chosen topic
In the present working environment, the business operates in global environment and
there are many different types of changes which occur. Hence, it is essential for the company to
implement these changes in the effective manner so that company can work with latest changes.
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Hence, this is the major reason underlying selection of role of leadership in change management
process. Along with this another major reason is the personal and academic interest of scholar in
the research topic and due to this reason role of leadership in CMP is being used (Coban,
Ozdemir and Pisapia, 2019).
Scope- this study has a wider scope as every company has to adapt to the different types
of changes which are taking place in external environment. The reason behind this is that if these
changes will not effectively be being adapted then this might result in loss for company. Hence,
scope of this study is for company Tesco on which the study is based. The scope is wider as this
will assist company in analysing the fact that how leadership can assist Tesco in managing
change. In addition to this it is also useful for the competitors of Tesco to use this report as this
will improve their knowledge that how they can use leadership in proper management of change
(Betancourt and et.al., 2017). As every company keep adopting different changes within a
business in order to gain competitive advantage and that is why, the present study will also
benefit Tesco itself to deal with any change. This in turn examine the role of leaders within CMP
and also identify range of strategies in order to successfully accept change as well.
d) Formulation of research methods and project structure
Research type- the type of research is defined as ways in which the research can be
completed and it is of two type qualitative and quantitative (Snyder, 2019). The quantitative
research is the one which undertakes numeric information and analyses it to reach to some
conclusion. On the other side qualitative approach is the one which involves attributes, values
relating to research topic and analyse it in order to reach to aim and objective. For the present
study over role of leadership in change management the use of qualitative study is undertaken.
The reason behind this is that this will assist in developing theoretical knowledge relating use of
leadership in change management.
Research approach and philosophy- for the approach there are two types of approach
that can be used in completing research that is inductive and deductive. For the present study the
use of inductive approach is made and this is pertaining to the fact to that under this case the
aims and objectives are prepared and whole study is based on that (Ørngreen and Levinsen,
2017). On the other side, philosophy relates to beliefs and assumption underlying the selection
of the various methods of research. Philosophy are of two types that is interpretivism and
positivism and out of these two interpretivism is used. The reason underlying use of
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interpretivism is that this is more suitable with the qualitative research as compared to other
research.
Data analysis- for study to be successful the crucial thing is the analysis of the data
because if data will not be analysed then research study will not be successful (Mohajan, 2018).
in the present study of analysing role of leadership in change management process of Tesco use
of thematic data analysis will be undertaken. The reason behind this is that it involves the use of
themes, charts, tables and figures.
Sampling- for the purpose of research there need to be some respondent through which
data can be gathered (Dźwigoł and Dźwigoł-Barosz, 2018). For the research on role of
leadership in change management process sample of 10 manager of Tesco will be used.
Project structure- - under this project there will be 4 different task which will be
undertaken in order to complete the study.
 Task 1- this task will include the strategic topic on which the whole study is based.
Under this study, the strategic topic will deal with leadership's role within the change
management process. Along with this, the present task will involve the aim and objective
relating to the study and the research methodology.
 Task 2- under this task data will be gathered from different sources that is primary and
secondary sources. Further, this will include the analysis of collected data so that some
conclusion can be drawn and objectives of research can be achieved.
 Task 3- this task will include the evaluation of the finding in form of conclusion. Further
this will also include the questionnaire through which data is being collected along with
advantages and disadvantages of questionnaire.
 Task 4- this task will include recommendation relating to improvement and will also
outline the positive and negative aspect of investigating project.
TASK 2
a) Assessing the sources of data and information to support aim
In order to conduct the research in precise manner, both data collection methods have
been undertaken by the scholar. In the context of primary data gathering, survey has been
conducted on Tesco’s managers via questionnaire. With the help of this source of data, scholar
conduct fresh research and also able to determine the views of selected respondents pertaining to
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chosen topic. Further, under secondary data collection, specific books, articles and journals has
been selected which were published after 2015 onward pertaining to chosen topic.
Literature review
According to Gardner and et.al., (2020) leaders are the key pillar of a company and
develop strategy in order to improve the overall performance of a company. They also keep
motivated to employees and get people involved in decision making process. Such that leaders
creates a sense of urgency about a change by showing commitment and passion about getting
things done in right manner. To implement the change in proper manner, different leadership
styles are adopted which is based upon situation. Eva and et.al., (2019) presented in their study
that leaders realizes change management and implementation as difficult but they make efforts
in order to let their employee motivated to step out from their comfort zone. Referring this, it
can be stated that leaders play a vital role towards achieving a common goal.
Crosby and Bryson (2018) emphasized that a leader with strong leadership skill can
motivate as well as influence employees and thereby apply effective change within an
organization. This in turn also helps to influence the behavior and attitude of employees so that
they improve their performance. For example, if Tesco changes its organizational structure by
adopting hierarchical then leaders direct subordinate to accept the change and motivate them as
well. This in turn creates positive impact upon performance. However, it has been critically
evaluated by Cortellazzo, Bruni and Zampieri (2019) due to resistance of change among
employees, performance got affected in adverse manner. However, change often requires leaders
to yield control and this somehow diminish their power within an organization. Thus, it causes
adverse impact upon business performance while undergo towards a change. Therefore, it is
clearly analyzed that leadership assist the company to take further level of success by
implementing range of technique. They keep motivate employees in order to accept the change
and prepare them for future as well.
As per the view of Al-Ali and et.al., (2017) when company undergoes towards any
change, then leader faces many challenges such that manage conflicts because most employees
are not accepted change frequently and this lead to cause conflict. Further, resistance among
employees is also considered another challenge which leaders faces while implementing change
within business. Such that it is the role of a leader to identify and manage resistance but if
company implement any change, then leader sometimes do not easily handle resistance that
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cause opposite impact upon the performance of employees. Hence, Halkias and et.al., (2017)
supported the same by stating that change is effectively sustained when leaders motivate
employees and prepare them to accept the same so that their performance do not affected in
negative manner.
b) Data analysis
Theme 1: Manager are satisfied with the adopted leadership style of leaders
Respondents %
Highly satisfied 1 10.00%
Satisfied 5 50.00%
Neutral 1 10.00%
Dissatisfied 2 20.00%
Highly
dissatisfied 1 10.00%
Total 10 100.00%
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Theme 2: Tesco undergo with a change
Respondents %
Yes 5 50.00%
No 3 30.00%
Don't know 2 20.00%
Total 10 100.00%
Theme 3: Leader plays vital role during the change within Tesco
Respondents %
Motivate
employees 2 20.00%
Manage conflicts 2 20.00%
Get workers 2 20.00%
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involves within
process
All of these 4 40.00%
Total 10 100.00%
Theme 4: Leaders may adopt transformational leadership style during any change
implementation
Respondents %
Yes 5 50.00%
No 3 30.00%
Don't know 2 20.00%
Total 10 100.00%
7

Theme 5: Managers are agreed that leader should communicate with employees pertaining
to any change
Respondents %
Strongly agreed 4 40.00%
Agreed 3 30.00%
Disagreed 2 20.00%
Strongly
disagreed 1 10.00%
Total 10 100.00%
8

Theme 6: There is a positive impact upon business performance when company implement
change
Respondents %
Yes 7 70.00%
No 2 20.00%
Don't know 1 10.00%
Total 10 100.00%
9

Theme 7: Leaders plays positive role during Change management process
Respondents %
Positive 6 60.00%
Negative 2 20.00%
Both 2 40.00%
Total 10 100.00%
10

Theme 8: Leaders faces different challenges when company undergoes with any change
Respondents %
Conflicts among
employees 2 20.00%
Resistance
between team 1 25.00%
Communication
error 3 30.00%
All of these 4 40.00%
Total 10 100.00%
Discussion: Throughout the overall primary research it has been analyzed that majority
of the managers of Tesco are satisfied with the leadership style opted by leaders. Such that out of
100%, 50% are satisfied, whereas 10% are highly satisfied and only 20% are dissatisfied. Thus,
it is examined that with the help of effective leadership style, leaders are able to motivate their
employees in order to adopt any change so that management may easily evaluate employee's
performance. Company undergoes with any changes because 5 out of 10 respondents are agreed
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with the statement. Thus, it is clearly reflected that Tesco either change its organization structure
or implement any innovative product within its business performance. Therefore, implement any
change is beneficial because it assists to prepare their employees to accept further change along
with enhancing their current skills.
Also, when a company is undergoing with any change then leaders play an important
role, as it is also supported under primary research in which out of 100%, 20% stated that they
motivate their employees. Whereas some of them agreed that leader manages conflicts and 20%
stated that they get their workers involved within process. Therefore, these are the important role
which every leader generally performs. Janićijević (2017) also supported the same by stating
that leaders are the only person of an organization who knows how to manage the work and
prepare their employees to accept change as well. For that they also keep changing their
leadership style such that more than 50% of the manager of Tesco are agreed that they adopt
transformational leadership style so that they work with team and identify the needed change as
well.
Apart from this study also reveals that 40% of the selected respondents are strongly
agreed that leader must communicate with employees with regards to any change. This process
assist employee to get ready to accept any change and motivate themselves as well. Aldulaimi
and Abdeldayem (2019) also supported that leader involved their employees and explain the
need of change so that they help business to attain the define aim and objectives. On the other
side, majority of the respondent stated that there is an impact of leadership upon business
performance when a company is implementing any change such that more than 50% of them are
agreed that there is a positive impact upon the organizational performance. For example, Tesco
is undergoing with a change of organization structure and if leader successfully understand the
change to employees then it is more beneficial for company because employees assist team to
meet the define aim. On the other side, it may also lead to conflicts and resistance between team
that cause adverse impact upon business performance.
Thus, it is clearly reflected that through the primary research that though there is a direct
impact upon business performance but leader are also faces challenges such that 20% of them
are stated that it leads to creates conflicts, whereas 25% of them are agreed that it leads to create
resistance between team, but 30% of them also stated that communication error is also
considered another challenge. Overall, it is analyzed that role of a leader is crucial and they are
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recognized as a key pillar that support the business to improve its brand image at international
level. Apart from this, entire findings reflected that if a company undergoes with a change
management process then leaders must identify the ways through which employees accept
change easily.
c) Critically evaluate the determine option
With the help of thematic data analysis (DA), scholar analyze the data in better manner
by conducting in-depth research. Also, scholar do not need to attain any training to perform
analysis through such method. In addition to this, thematic data analysis also assists to
categorize each theme based upon research objectives in order to gather proper outcomes. This
in turn helps to meet the research aim and minimize the risk of missing refinement in a data.
However, on the critically note it is identified that it do not provide accurate results and that is
why, scholar is not able to conclude proper results. Therefore, this flexibility may also lead to
inconsistency and lack of coherence while developing themes that lead to generate wrong results
(Raza and Sikandar, 2018). Further, this type of DA is difficult to implement correctly from
scratch because it does not provide correct meaning.
TASK 3
a) Critically evaluate the research to enable conclusion
From the above finding and discussion it is evident that leadership is very important in
the change management process of company. The leadership is the stimulating or encouraging of
employees to work in direction of attaining group goals. For any business there are many
different types of changes which they have to adapt and in this leadership assist to a great extent.
The above study reflected that making of aim and objective is very crucial for success of study.
This is pertaining to the fact that this aim and objective provides a guidance for completing
whole study. Further the use of qualitative research type was assistive in gathering and
developing knowledge relating to research topic. This study with help of literature review
highlighted that fact that leader makes employees understand the importance of change and
stimulate them to accept the change.
Further it was also outlined that there are many challenges which leaders of Tesco face in
order to manage the change. These changes are like resistance of employees, communication
error and many other challenges. In addition to this the finding section of the study highlighted
the fact that majority of respondent are satisfied with the leadership style used by the leaders of
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Tesco. In addition to this it was also highlighted that company is undergoes changes in its
operations and business. Also, the finding highlighted the fact that leader plays a crucial role in
the implementation of change in business. This role involves motivating employees, managing
conflict and involving employees within the process of company. If leader complies with all
these roles then this will assist in easy implementation of change within the company.
Also, from finding section it was evaluated that leaders must communicate with their
employees relating to the changes which are implemented or the changes which employees are
intending to bring. Hence, proper communication will assist the leader in understanding
requirement of the changes and this will improve the change management process in the
company. Along with this the finding also highlighted the fact that impact of leadership at time
of CMP is both negative and positive. This is particularly because of the reason that sometimes
the leader can be strict in implementation of the change and sometimes may be supportive.
Further from the analysis of the discussion and finding it was also analysed that the company
can adopt transformational leadership. This is pertaining to the fact that when transformational
leadership assist leader in identifying the change and creating vision to implement it within
business.
Hence, in the end it can be said that leadership plays a crucial role within the
implementation of change. This is particularly because of the reason that leader is the one who is
responsible for leading business in direction of growth. Further, when business operates in
global market then there will be need to adapt to changes in the business. Hence, this change
will be analysed and implemented by the leader in the company and they will make the mind of
employees in adapting to these changes in positive way.
b) Recommend a course of action that attain strategic aim
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
1. Are you satisfied with the style opted by your leaders?
 Highly satisfied
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 Satisfied
 Neutral
 Dissatisfied
 Highly dissatisfied
2. Does your company undergo with any change?
 Yes
 No
 Don't know
3. What is the role of leader during any change management process within Tesco?
 Motivate employees
 Manage conflicts
 Get workers involves within process
 All of these
4. Do you think that, during change leaders may adopt transformational leadership style?
 Yes
 No
 Don't know
5. Do you agree with the statement that leader should communicate with employees pertaining
to any change through which company undergo?
 Strongly agreed
 Agreed
 Neutral
 Disagreed
 Strongly disagreed
6. According to you, is there any impact upon business performance when Tesco undergo
towards CMP?
 Yes
 No
 Don't know
7. According to you, what roles does leader plays when company implement any change?
 Positive
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 Negative
 Both
8. From the following which challenge did leader face during change management process?
 Conflicts among employees
 Resistance between team
 Communication error
 All of these
9. Please suggest the ways through which leader overcome such challenge.
c) Critically analyse the chosen course of action
In order to meet the defined aim, scholar used questionnaire that assist to examine views
of different person pertaining to research aim and objectives. Therefore, this method is chosen
over other because it is inexpensive and provide quick results in a short period, whereas another
method does not. Also, the chosen course of action also helps to analyze the results easily, so
that scholar is able to conclude valid result. Similarly, by asking questions to selected
respondents, researcher also determine the role of leader in change management process within
Tesco. In addition to this, this method helps to collect large amount of information from a large
population within a short period of time. Further the results are easily quantified by a researcher
that provide valid outcome as well.
However, on the critically note it has been evaluated that sometime respondents provide
dishonest answer that leads to wrong outcomes. So, most of the researcher do not choose this
method (Advantage and disadvantage of questionnaire, 2020). Also, privacy of the respondents
may not be maintained that is also considered another disadvantages. This method is considered
difficult medium to convey the feelings of respondents because there is no way to observe facial
expression and reactions if questionnaire is chosen as a primary data collection method. On the
other side, lack of accessibility is considered another disadvantages because most of the users do
not have an access to answer the questions.
TASK 4
a) Present the medium to present the results of project
Enclosed in PPT
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b) Recommendations
With the help of primary research, it has been analyzed that leaders of Tesco have strong
competence and ability in order to implement the change in effective manner. Thus to bring
sustainable change within business, some ways are suggested that take a business at further level
of success. These are as mentioned below:
 It is to be recommended to the leader of Tesco to keep identify the need of market and
implement the changes within business in order to stay ahead within a competition. In
this, leader may analyze the demand of customers so that company implement strategy
accordingly.
 Further it is also suggested to the leader to opt effective leadership style within a
business so that it do not cause any issues and change will be easily implemented within
a firm. Such that they can opt situation leadership style and try to involve all the
employees within decision in order to analyze their views related to specific situation (Al
Khajeh, 2018).
 Apart from this, leader must conduct training and development session in which they
prepare their employees to accept the changes whenever implemented. In this sessions,
experts must be hired who let their employee understand about need of implementing
any change because it helps to sustain the brand image of a firm. In this, leader motivate
their employees and assist subordinate in order to deliver the effective results in favor of
a company.
 Along with this it is also advisable to Tesco to focus on the effective communication
during the change management process. This is pertaining to the fact if communication
will not be appropriate then this might result in some problem or issue in the
implementation of change. For this leader must make use of simple and understandable
language and words. In addition to this leader must involve the 7 C's of communication
as this will make the message clearer and simple.
 In addition to this, it is also suggested to the firm to apply the Kurt Lewin change
management model in which three different stages will be implemented so that
employees understand the need of change and alter their habit as per the new change
(Hussain and et.al., 2018). Also, it is examined that changes are implemented in order to
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stay ahead in competition, but it is necessary for employees to accept and work
accordingly so that company is able to meet the define aim and objectives.
 Through primary research it has been analyzed that there are many challenges faced by
Leader during change management process. So to improve the same it is also suggested
to the company to use effective motivation strategies such as reward system, monetary
and non-monetary benefits in order to enhance the employee performance. Moreover,
leader also set benchmarks in order to clearly determine whether the define aim is met or
not.
 Lastly, it is also recommended to the business that to bring out effective developments,
company should conduct survey in which they analyze the need and demand of
customers so that they implemented accordingly. With the help of survey method,
scholar is able to determine the need of market and this in turn assist to implement the
strategy accordingly so that company sustain the brand image at international level. Also,
this strategy assists to identify many development strategies in order to bring a company
towards further level of success.
c) Critically investigate the impact and success of investigative project
Throughout the entire research, it is analyzed by using qualitative research, scholar is
able to present the entire findings and concluded that leader plays an important role during any
change management process. Such that with the help of primary research it is also examined that
most of the respondents are agreed that leader motivate employees, solve their queries and let
them understand about any change in order to prepare the change within business (Hechanova,
Caringal-Go and Magsaysay, 2018). This, this cause positive impact upon the business.
However, on the other side, it is critically analyzed that if scholar uses quantitative research
method then it will be more beneficial and assist to generate the outcomes in more effective
manner. It is so because quantitative study is considered more reliable and authentic as
compared to another as it leads to generate valid outcomes. The success of an entire study is
depending upon the outcomes generated through secondary and primary research and that is
why, it is analyzed that using quantitative over qualitative is beneficial.
Apart from this, it is also analyzed that there are many challenges which a leader faced
while company implementing a change and if these issues will not overcome then it causes
negative impact upon the business performance. Therefore, the success of a project affected in
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adverse manner. Also the project is based upon primary research and small number of sample
size has been collected so it is considered as a limitation of a project. Thus, success of a research
got affected so to avoid such scholar may use either interview as a primary data collection
method or increase the size of sample so that accurate and correct results will be generated. In
addition to this, the entire project got positive impact upon performance of a company because it
provides range of strategies to Tesco pertaining to leadership style and its impact upon change
management process. Therefore, by applying such ways in its business premises company is
able to sustain the brand image and decrease the turnover rate as well.
Moreover, success of an investigative project is depending upon the method of data
collection used by scholar to generate valid results. So the entire research is based upon both
primary and secondary research in which relevant and authentic sources has been used in order
to get accurate outcomes. This it is reflected that by getting proper results, scholar is able to
meet the defined aim and objectives, also assist to conduct entire research in proper manner. So,
with the help of chosen research methods, scholar is able to examine the impact of leadership
upon the business performance when Tesco is undergoing towards a change management
process.
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