Theories Principles and Models of Learning and Teaching in Education

Theories Principles and
Models of Learning and
Teaching in Education

Table of Contents
Task 1 a) Theories, principles and models of learning................................................................4
b) Application of learning theories in teaching............................................................................4
c) Analysis of models of learning preferences ............................................................................5
d) Identifying the learner's individual learning preferences enables inclusive teaching, learning
and assessment.............................................................................................................................5
Task 2 a) Analysis of theories, principles and models of communication and curriculum
development.................................................................................................................................5
b) Application of theories, principles and models of communication in teaching......................6
c) Application of models and theories of curriculum development ...........................................6
Task 3 a) Analysis of theories, principles and models of assessment.........................................7
b) Application of assessment models in assessing learning.........................................................7
Task 4 a) Analysis of the theories and models of reflection and evaluation...............................8
b) Explaining the ways of application of the model of reflection and evaluation.......................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

Task 1 a) Theories, principles and models of learning
There are various theories, principles and models of learning and teaching in the field of
education. Learning theories refers to the set of properly organized principles that explains the
behaviour of an individual in order to recall, acquire and retain knowledge or learning. Following
are the main theories of learning -
Cognitive Theory: This theory is given by Piaget that give emphasis on the change of mental
behaviour and also give suggestions of learning by using mental processing of knowledge. In this
theory teachers are encouraged to make the plans or the strategies in order to increase the
attention and focus of the students so that they can be able to understand the things properly
(Kuziboyevna, 2020). For this purpose teachers use various tools like teaching aids, visual aids,
presentations, mind mapping, etc.
Maslow's Theory: This theory refers to the motivation theory which means the students must
be motivated to learn effectively. Maslow gave emphasis on the layers of hierarchy along with
the proper support. It includes physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love, esteem
needs and self- actualization. These needs must be followed in hierarchy in order to motivate the
learners by fulfilling the basic needs of them.
b) Application of learning theories in teaching
Cognitive theory of learning can easily be applied by the teachers in the classroom so that
the trainers can encourage the students to use their state of mind in the class. This model includes
the past or the previous experiences of the teachers in the process of learning so it creates the
familiar environment for the students. This theory help the students to learn and develop the
skills such as problem solving skills, study skills, etc. effectively.
Maslow's theory can be applied in order to teach and motivates the students so that they
can fulfil their needs as without fulfilling the basic needs the students can not be able to reach at
the high level of needs (Al-Rahmi and et.al., 2019). Each level of this model shows that there is
the ability in the students if they get proper support from the teachers in the classroom. The
teacher must apply the knowledge of hierarchy needs to design the lesson plan and also the
environment of classroom. There must be the freedom of sharing the ideas and for asking the
questions in the class.