This document discusses the pedagogical approaches and literacy application approaches in the context of literacy curriculum and assessment. It explores the role of modelled reading and writing, guided and shared reading and writing, critical literacy, and gradual release of responsibility in the intellectual and literacy development of students. It also highlights how these approaches support diverse background students and address issues of inequality and disadvantage. Additionally, the document discusses the importance of culturally informed literacy instruction and the application of literacy to create an inclusive learning environment.